Baseline drift effect on the performance of neutron and γ ray discrimination using frequency gradient analysis

Frequency gradient analysis (FGA) effectively discriminates neutrons and γ rays by examining the frequency-domain features of the photomultiplier tube anode signal. This approach is insensitive to noise but is inevitably affected by the baseline drift similar to other pulse shape discrimination methods. The baseline drift effect is attributed to factors such as power line fluctuation, dark current, noise disturbances, hum, and pulse tail in front-end electronics. This effect needs to be elucidated and quantified before the baseline shift can be estimated and removed from the captured signal. Therefore, the effect of baseline shift on the discrimination performance of neutrons and γ rays with organic scintillation detectors using FGA is investigated in this paper. The relationship between the baseline shift and discrimination parameters of FGA is derived and verified by an experimental system consisting of an americium-beryllium source, a BC501A liquid scintillator detector, and a 5 GSample/s 8-bit oscilloscope. The theoretical and experimental results both show that the estimation of the baseline shift is necessary, and the removal of baseline drift from the pulse shapes can improve the discrimination performance of FGA.     

水面舰队建立最佳防空编队的数学模型

防空反导是水面舰艇编队最重要的任务之一,我国南海海域辽阔,水面舰艇执行外围岛礁附近海域巡航任务时,往往超出了空中掩护的作战半径,需要自身的对空防御,这时,水面舰艇的编队阵型至关重要.同时,空中目标意图识别是战场态势分析的一个重要部分.以我海军在南海某开阔海域巡逻的水面舰艇编队为例,探究了最佳编队队形的数学模型,并根据所提供的战场空中目标信息,判断目标可能的意图,为威胁判断、火力分配和抗击来袭目标奠定基础.     

GaN垒层厚度渐变的双蓝光波长发光二极管

针对单蓝光波长芯片与Y3Al5O12∶Ce3+黄光荧光粉封装白光发光二极管存在显色性不足的问题,提出了采用双蓝光波长芯片激发Y3Al5O12∶Ce3+黄光荧光粉实现高显色性白光发射法,并分析了其可行性.利用金属有机化学气相沉积系统在(0001)蓝宝石衬底上顺序生长两个In0.18Ga0.82N/GaN量子阱和两个In0.12Ga0.88N/GaN量子阱的双蓝光波长发光二极管,并对不同GaN垒层厚度的双蓝光波长发光二极管的光电性能进行分析,结果表明沿n-GaN到p-GaN方向减小GaN垒层厚度能实现双蓝光发射,并有较好的发光效率.交流阻抗谱结果显示相关双蓝光波长发光二极管可以用一个电阻Rp与电容Cp并联后与一个Rs串联电路来模拟,GaN垒层变化能调节并联电阻和电容,对串联电阻没有影响.此外,基于垒层减小的双蓝光波长芯片激发Y3Al5O12∶Ce3+荧光粉实现了高显色指数的白光发射.     

平面波超声成像中的波束合成方法研究进展

平面波成像通过单次全孔径发射-接收即可获取整幅图像,将成像帧频显著地提升至1000帧/秒以上.然而,平面波成像过程中发射的非聚焦波束将导致回波信号信噪比降低,进而使图像的分辨率和对比度变差.通过多角度相干复合成像技术可以改善平面波成像的图像质量,但是会以牺牲帧频为代价.因此研究人员们开始将新型波束合成技术引入平面波成像...     

Universal order-parameter and quantum phase transition for two-dimensional q-state quantum Potts model

We investigate quantum phase transitions for q-state quantum Potts models (q=2,3,4) on a square lattice and for the Ising model on a honeycomb lattice by using the infinite projected entangled-pair state algorithm with a simplified updating scheme. We extend the universal order parameter to a two-dimensional lattice system, which allows us to explore quantum phase transitions with symmetry-broken order for any translation-invariant quantum lattice system of the symmetry group G. The universal order parameter is zero in the symmetric phase, and it ranges from zero to unity in the symmetry-broken phase. The ground-state fidelity per lattice site is computed, and a pinch point is identified on the fidelity surface near the critical point. The results offer another example highlighting the connection between (i) critical points for a quantum many-body system undergoing a quantum phase-transition and (ii) pinch points on a fidelity surface. In addition, we discuss three quantum coherence measures: the quantum Jensen-Shannon divergence, the relative entropy of coherence, and the l₁ norm of coherence, which are singular at the critical point, thereby identifying quantum phase transitions.     

Quantum phase transitions in CePdAl probed by ultrasonic and thermoelectric measurements

CePdAl has been recently recognized as a frustrated antiferromagnetic heavy-fermion compound with a pressure- or field-tuned, extended quantum critical phase at zero temperature. Identifying characteristic signatures of the emerging quantum critical phase, which are expected to be distinct from those near a quantum critical point, remains challenging. In this work, by performing ultrasonic and thermoelectric measurements down to very low temperatures in a ³He-⁴He dilution refrigerator in the presence of magnetic field, we are able to obtain some crucial thermodynamic and thermal transport features of the quantum critical phase, including a frustration-related elastic softening detected by ultrasound and a Fermi-surface change probed by thermoelectric effect.     

Iterative filtered ghost imaging

It is generally believed that, in ghost imaging, there has to be a compromise between resolution and visibility. Here we propose and demonstrate an iterative filtered ghost imaging scheme whereby a super-resolution image of a grayscale object is achieved, while at the same time the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and visibility are greatly improved, without adding complexity. The dependence of the SNR, visibility, and resolution on the number of iterations is also investigated and discussed. Moreover, with the use of compressed sensing the sampling number can be reduced to less than 1% of the Nyquist limit, while maintaining image quality with a resolution that can exceed the Rayleigh diffraction bound by more than a factor of 10.     

低阻抗紧凑型Marx直接驱动高功率微波源北大核心CSCD

研制了一套紧凑型脉冲功率源系统,用于驱动低阻抗磁绝缘线振荡器(MILO)。脉冲功率源采用Marx发生器技术路线,由10级电容和开关组成,单级电容为100nF/100kV电容,开关采用环形轨道气体火花间隙开关,通过紧凑型结构设计,降低系统回路电感,采用电阻作为级间放电的隔离元件,整个Marx发生器系统放置于变压器绝缘油中,以实现高压绝缘。Marx发生器系统充电电压为±50kV,总储能5kJ,在12Ω的水负载上可以获得600kV,50kA的脉冲输出,脉冲上升时间小于100ns。系统尺寸为1.2m×0.5m×0.6m。基于该低阻抗脉冲功率系统,直接驱动低阻抗磁绝缘线振荡器。在二极管电压约450kV,电流约40kA条件下,测得辐射微波功率约400MW,微波脉宽约60ns,微波频率1.23GHz,辐射微波模式为TM01模。     

银树枝左手超材料的反常古斯-汉欣位移

左手超材料的反常古斯-汉欣位移研究在理论提出后一直没有相关的实验报道。采用干涉法,通过实验测量了银树枝左手超材料在部分反射下的反常古斯-汉欣位移。利用沃拉斯顿棱镜将入射光分为s偏振光和p偏振光,在经过银树枝左手超材料表面反射后,两束偏振光相互干涉得到了干涉图样;通过对干涉图样进行分析计算,得到了样品的古斯-汉欣位移。实验结果证实,当入射光与银树枝左手超材料的谐振频率一致时,古斯-汉欣位移值为负。