Controllable synthesis of high aspect ratio Mg_2B_2O_5 nanowires and their applications in reinforced polyhydroxyalkanoate composites

Highly pure magnesium borate （Mg2B2O5） nanowires with an average diameter of - 30 nm, an average length of 15 μm, and a high aspect ratio of - 500 have been synthesized on a large scale via a two-step method. MgBO2（OH） nanowires with high aspect ratios were first prepared via a PVP-assisted hydrothermal technique. Using these nanowires as precursors, single crystalline Mg2B205 nanowires were synthesized by post-annealing treatment at a relatively low temperature of 700 ℃. The important effect of the MgBO2（OH）-Mg2B2O5 conversion process on the morphology of the Mg2B2O5 nanowires was investigated and it was indicated that the recrystallization process plays an important role in the protection of the one-dimensional （1D） nanostructure. Moreover, the rigidity and the toughness of the Mg2B2O5 nanowire- reinforced PHA composites were tremendously improved compared to those of the pure PHA. Our results demonstrate the effectiveness of Mg2B2O5 nanowires for reinforcement applications in polymer composites.     

Effects of interface roughness on photoluminescence full width at half maximum in GaN/AlGaN quantum wells

Low temperature photoluminescence(PL) measurements have been performed for a set of GaN/AlxGa1-xN quantum wells(QWs). The experimental results show that the optical full width at half maximum(FWHM) increases relatively rapidly with increasing Al composition in the AlxGa1-xN barrier, and increases only slightly with increasing GaN well width. A model considering the interface roughness is used to interpret the experimental results. In the model, the FWHM’s broadening caused by the interface roughness is calculated based on the triangle potential well approximation. We find that the calculated results accord with the experimental results well.     

Modulation Spectroscopy of GaAs Covered by InAs Quantum Dots

Contactless electroreflectance has been employed at room temperature to study the Fermi level pinning at undoped-n^ GaAs surfaces covered by 1.6 and 1.8 monolayer (ML) InAs quantum dots (QDs).It is shown that the 1.8 ML InAs QD moves the Fermi level at GaAs surface to the valence band maximum by about 70 meV compared to bare GaAs,whereas 1.6 ML InAs on GaAs does not modify the Fermi level.It is confirmed that the modification of the 1.8 ML InAs deposition on the Fermi Level at GaAs surface is due to the QDs,which are surrounded by some oxidized InAs facets,rather than the wetting layer.     

2f光电混合匹配滤波相关识别研究

提出一种光电混合匹配滤波相关识别方法,只用一个空间光调制器实现了匹配滤波相关识别。利用计算机完成匹配滤波器的设计以及匹配滤波器与输入目标频谱的卷积运算,根据最小欧氏投影编码原理将卷积结果转化为空间光调制器可以显示的灰度信号,再通过2f光学傅里叶变换系统,得到相关识别结果。实验结果表明,该方法可以得到明显的相关点,同时可以避免传统VLC中匹配滤波器的精确复位问题,而且该系统还可以应用于联合变换相关识别。     

高电压锯齿波聚束器的设计研制

近些年来,使用锯齿波直接形成的方法建造非谐振型聚束器在国内及国际均得到了广泛的应用。由于电子技术及机械加工工艺的飞速发展和更高功率电子管的出现,可以设计出更高指标的聚束器,进而可以有效提高束线的匹配效率及运行稳定度。对兰州重离子加速器源束线新的高电压锯齿波聚束器的研制进行了详细阐述,由于该聚束器具有目前国际同类型设备中最高的电压、频率以及相对苛刻的现场条件限制,故还对设计中所涉及的工程实施方案进行了有效补充和完善。     

AlGaN合金中局域态和极化电场的竞争机制

通过MOVPE方法生长了不同Al组分的3块Al_xGa_1-xN样品,利用稳态光谱和时间分辨光谱对其样品的光学特性进行了分析。鉴于影响氮化物发光性质的极化电场或局域态的单一机制不能充分解释我们的实验现象,提出了局域态-内部极化电场竞争的机制。通过对实验数据的分析,得出如下重要结论：样品PL峰位蓝移的温度起点基本对应于局域态和极化电场起作用的交替点,PL峰位发生蓝移的温度起点与光强-温度曲线的斜率出现明显变化的温度点一致;随着温度的升高,若AlGaN合金样品中PL峰位存在二次蓝移,则说明样品中电场分布不均匀。     

聚丙烯酰胺固定化糖化酶特性的研究

本研究以丙烯酰胺单体通过反向悬浮聚合技术合成聚丙烯酰胺作为载体材料，采用包埋—交联法固定化葡萄糖淀粉酶，并对其特性进行了研究．结果表明，该固定化酶最适pH值为5．0，最适温度为55～58℃，而且具有较好的贮存稳定性和操作稳定性，8个月后该固定化酶的残余活力仍保持在94％左右，可重复使用43批次，此固定化酶酶活回收率达到56％．实验表明丙烯酰胺悬浮聚合固定化糖化酶的方法是简便可行的．     

不对称反应的对映体过量值预测

建立了手性催化剂结构与反应产物对映体过量值的定量结构-活性相关性模型, 以辅助苯乙酮不对称氢转移反应的催化剂筛选. 手性催化剂由手性氨醇配体与金属络合物合成, 故采用构象独立手性指数或构象依赖手性指数描述手性氨醇配体, 采用指示变量区分金属络合物, 然后合并2个指数来描述手性催化剂. 通过遗传算法进行变量选择, 采用随机森林法建立数学模型以预测对映体过量值, 测试集的相关系数R²=0.769, 整个数据集的OOB(Out-of-bag)交叉验证结果为R²=0.785.     

2-位碲桥联环糊精的制备、表征及其谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶活性的研究

该文以三种母体环糊精(CD),即α-、β-和γ-CD为修饰模板,将功能性基团有机碲引入到环糊精次面的2位羟基上,制备得到了三种具有谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GPX)活性的GPX模拟物。采用元素分析、红外光谱、核磁共振等手段对三种环糊精衍生物的结构进行了表征。运用GPX经典双酶体系法测定了三种环糊精衍生物的GPX活性,实验结果表明三者均具有很高的催化活性,其中2-位碲桥联γ-环糊精(2-Te-γ-CD)具有最高的GPX活性,其催化谷胱甘肽(GSH)还原过氧化氢(H2O2),叔丁基过氧化氢(t-BuOOH)和枯烯过氧化氢(CuOOH)的活力分别是传统"小分子硒酶"Ebselen的80.5,333.3和118.3倍。     

铬(Ⅵ)-对二甲氨基苯基荧光酮-β-环糊精-酒石酸钠荧光熄灭反应及其应用

在HCl介质中，溶液中的铬(VI)与对二甲氨基苯基荧光酮(p-DMPF)，β-环糊精(β-CD)和酒石酸钠(Tart)反应产生多元混合络合物，使对二甲氨基苯基荧光酮溶液的荧光明显熄灭，据此建立了测定痕量铬的荧光熄灭新方法。该体系的最大激发波长λex=365nm，最大发射波长λem=527nm，铬(Ⅳ)含量在0～2．0μg／25ml范围内，荧光熄灭程度与铬(Ⅳ)浓度成正比，此方法简单，灵敏度高，可用于水样中铬(Ⅳ)含量的测定，结果满意。