Ultrathin NixCoy-silicate nanosheets natively anchored on CNTs films for flexible lithium ion batteries

The rapid development of portable and wearable electronics has called for novel flexible electrodes with superior performance.The development of flexible electrode materials with excellent mechanical and electrochemical properties has become one of the key factors for this goal.Here,a Ni_xCo_y-silicate@CNTs film is developed as a flexible anode for lithium ion batteries(LIBs).On this film,Ni_xCo_y-silicate nanosheets are firmly and intimately anchored on the surface of CNTs,which have a 3D network structure and link the adjacent nanosheets together.Benefitted from this,the composite film is not only sufficient to withstand various deformations due to its excellent flexibility but also has excellent electrochemical properties,in terms of high reversible capacity of 1047 mAh g^-1 at 0.1 A g^-1 as well as a high rate and cycling performance(capacity retention up to 78.13% after 140 cycles).The pouch-type full flexible LIB using this material can stably operate under various bending conditions,showing the great potential of this 3 D Ni_xCo_y-silicate@CNTs film for flexible energy storage devices with high durability.     

预热处理对褐煤热解过程氧元素迁移的影响

以中国呼伦贝尔褐煤为原料,基于工业分析、元素分析、傅里叶变换红外光谱、气相色谱-质谱联用分析,考察140-230℃预热处理对褐煤650℃等温热解氧迁移的影响。结果表明,与未经预热处理的干煤热解相比,褐煤经200℃预热处理后热解,迁移至热解水和半焦中的氧分别下降7.55%和1.43%,迁移至焦油和气体中的氧分别增加6.66%和1.61%,焦油中酚类氧增加一倍。褐煤预热过程中氢键的减少与热解焦油中正己烷可溶物所含酚类化合物的增加,经原位红外漫反射光谱分析,发现源自OH…π、OH…N和羟基自缔合氢键在预热过程中断裂形成自由OH·,导致酚类化合物中苯酚和甲酚含量增加。     

Silicalite-1修饰的HY型分子筛及其对纤维素水解的催化性能

采用silicalite-1对HY型分子筛进行修饰,得到具有核壳结构的复合分子筛HY/silicalite-1。通过X射线衍射(XRD)、扫描电镜(SEM)、透射电镜(TEM)、N2的吸附-脱附及吡啶吸附红外(Py-FTIR)等手段对不同晶化时间合成的HY/silicalite-1复合分子筛进行了表征,研究了复合分子筛对纤维素水解的催化性能。结果表明,晶化时间直接影响复合分子筛的晶体生长规律和两组分的相对含量,最佳晶化时间为16-24 h,所得到的复合分子筛外貌呈核壳结构,silicalite-1附晶生长在HY型分子筛的表面;随着晶化时间的延长,复合分子筛的表面由胶浊状变为光滑,最终变为鳞片状;其B酸量先减少后增加,而L酸量则先增加后减少。其中,晶化时间为24 h的HY/silicalite-1复合分子筛B酸量最大,L酸量最小,对纤维素水解反应具有良好的催化性能,葡萄糖收率由HY型分子筛催化获得的28.0%大幅提高至45.8%。     

Facile patterning of upconversion NaYF4:Yb,Er nanoparticles

Different kinds of highly ordered patterns of NaYF(4):Yb,Er nanoparticles on gold substrates were fabricated using a simple method combining micro-contact printing and "breath figures" techniques. Ordered arrays of water droplets were first formed in the hydrophilic regions of patterned self-assembled monolayers (SAMs). This was subsequently submerged in a chloroform solution of NaYF(4):Yb,Er nanoparticles. The particles were spontaneously assembled at the interface of chloroform/water droplet surface, leading to different kinds of uniform patterns after solvent evaporation. The structures of NaYF(4):Yb,Er particles patterns depended on the dimension of the substrate, the concentration of the NaYF(4):Yb,Er nanoparticles and the water condensation process.     

Electropolymerized m-phenylenediamine as a means to immobilize active protein on thickness-shear-mode quartz crystal

Electropolymerized m-phenylenediamine was used as an active coating for immobilizing urease and lectin on a gold-plated thickness-shear-mode (TSM) crystal. To enhance effectiveness of immobilization. a bilayer polymer film composed of polyaniline and poly-m-phenylenediamine was proposed. Compared with single poly-m-phenylenediamine film, the bilayer polymer film gave better results in terms of immobilizing capacity, stability and reproductivity. On this bilayer-film-coated TSM quartz crystal, the amount of immobilized lectin was estimated about 1.8 mug/cm(2). Detection of purified human erythrocytes is demonstrated as an example of potential application of this lectin-modified TSM biosensor in clinic.     

Chemical composition of essential oils of Litsea cubeba harvested from its distribution areas in China

Litsea cubeba (Lour.) Pers. is a promising industrial crop with fruits rich in essential oils. The chemical composition of essential oils of L. cubeba (EOLC) were determined for fruits harvested from eight regions in China. The overall essential oil content, obtained by hydrodistillation and analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS), ranged from 3.04% to 4.56%. In total, 59 compounds were identified, the dominant components being monoterpenes (94.4-98.4%), represented mainly by neral and geranial (78.7-87.4%). D-Limonene was unexpectedly a lesser constituent (0.7-5.3%) in fruits, which differed from previous reports (6.0-14.6%). Several components were only detected in certain regions and compounds such as o-cymene and eremophilene have never before been reported in EOLC. These results demonstrate significant regional variation in the chemical composition of EOLC. This investigation provides important information with regard to the bioactivity, breeding work and industrial applications of L. cubeba.     

Synthesis, structural characterization and catalytic activity of a multifunctional enzyme mimetic oxoperoxovanadium(V) complex

The synthesis and structural characterization of a novel oxoperoxovanadium(V) complex [VO(O(2))(PAH)(phen)] containing the ligands 2-phenylacetohydroxamic acid (PAHH) and 1,10-phenanthroline (phen) has been accomplished. The oxoperoxovanadium(V) complex was found to mimic both vanadate-dependent haloperoxidase (VHPO) activity as well as nuclease activity through effective interaction with DNA. The complex is the first example of a structurally characterized stable oxoperoxovanadium(V) complex with a coordinated bi-dentate hydroximate moiety (-CONHO(-)) from 2-phenylacetohydroximate (PAH). The oxoperoxovanadium(V) complex has been used as catalyst for the peroxidative bromination reaction of some unsaturated alcohols (e.g. 4-pentene-1-ol, 1-octene-3-ol and 9-decene-1-ol) in the presence of H(2)O(2) and KBr. The catalytic products have been characterized by GC-MS analysis and spectrophotometric methods. The DNA binding of this complex has been established with CT DNA whereas the DNA cleavage was demonstrated with plasmid DNA. The interactions of the complex with DNA have been monitored by electronic absorption and fluorescence emission spectroscopy. Viscometric measurements suggest that the compound is a DNA intercalator. The nuclease activity of this complex was confirmed by gel electrophoresis studies.     

聚乙烯吡咯烷酮对油中酚类物质的吸附性能

煤焦油中酚类物质的有效分离,可实现其高附加值利用。针对酚类物质的分离,本研究采用聚乙烯吡咯烷酮(PVP)为吸附剂,研究了其对模型油中邻甲酚、间甲酚、对甲酚、1-萘酚和2-萘酚等的吸附性能。研究发现,PVP对酚类物质具有较大的吸附容量,其中对间甲酚、对甲酚、1-萘酚和2-萘酚的最大吸附量均可达1000 mg/g以上。同时发现,PVP上的Lewis碱性位点(C=O和C-N)可与酚羟基之间形成氢键作用,该作用的强度受酚类物质空间位阻影响。PVP具有一定的吸附选择性,在苯并呋喃或喹啉存在下,依然能够有效吸附2-萘酚。此外,使用过的PVP可再生并重复利用,同时实现酚的回收。可见,PVP是一种可用于分离煤焦油中酚类物质的优良吸附剂。     

Absolute configuration of Buagafuran:An experimental and theoretical electronic circular dichroism study

Buagafuran is a novel drug candidate derived from natural product.Its absolute configuration has been confirmed by electronic circular dichroism combined with modern quantum-chemical calculation using time-dependent density functional theory.The predicted UV absorbance peak is underestimated by several nanometers compared with the experimental data.The applicability of empirical rule for the C=C-C-O system in Buagafuran has also been discussed.Our results show that electronic circular dichroism could be a useful tool for the absolute configuration assignment of chiral drugs,especially for the oily or semisolid substances,whose crystal structures are impossible to obtain.     

多级孔ZSM-5分子筛的制备及催化噻吩烷基化性能研究

用不同浓度的Na₂CO₃溶液处理ZSM-5分子筛,采用XRD、XRF、SEM、N₂吸附脱附及NH₃-TPD方法对处理前后的ZSM-5分子筛进行表征,并考察了Na₂CO₃溶液处理对ZSM-5分子筛孔结构、酸性以及噻吩烷基化性能的影响。结果表明,Na₂CO₃溶液处理在保持ZSM-5分子筛微孔骨架结构的同时,增加了ZSM-5分子筛的比表面积、外表面积和介孔体积,并调变了酸性。Na₂CO₃溶液处理提高了ZSM-5分子筛催化剂的噻吩烷基化活性和噻吩选择性。一定反应条件下,随着Na₂CO₃溶液浓度增加,多级孔ZSM-5分子筛的噻吩烷基化性能逐渐提高,而噻吩选择性先增加后下降。当Na₂CO₃溶液浓度为2 mol/L时,分子筛的噻吩转化率和噻吩选择性分别为81.26 %和73.15%。当Na₂CO₃溶液浓度为3 mol/L时,噻吩转化率和选择性分别为90.57 %和72.59%。