莫尔偏折法测透镜焦距中的条纹二值化方法

当用莫尔偏折法测量透镜焦距时,条纹区域随着被测透镜和系统光学参数的不同而变化。针对此情况提出了确定条纹有效区域和选择二值化阈值的方法。该方法根据条纹图像数据的行列极值确定条纹的有效区域。介绍了该方法的实现过程,并分析了在有效区域内根据图像数据的灰度直方图自动选择二值化阈值的原理。给出了依据该方法提取条纹的示意图,以及用莫尔偏折法测量透镜焦距的实验结果。     

层析成像图像重建算法综述

介绍了层析成像技术的图像重建算法,并从正向问题数学模型的简化和反向问题数学模型的映射结构的角度比较了各种算法的特点和优劣。研究表明:用本质是线性算法的各种变换方法重建图像存在严重失真,而卷积滤波的引入可以使变换方法的重建效果有所改善;基于导数搜索的迭代算法对初始值依赖性强、收敛速度慢并且容易陷入局部最优解;基于Fourier变换的方法具有本质的局限性;小波变换则可以同时刻画图像时域和频域的细节特征;有限元法通过重建对象像素的智能划分可以简化正问题的复杂性;而具有物理背景的蒙特卡罗法、模拟退火法、遗传算法、粒子滤波法及神经网络法更适合于复杂且非线性的图像重建;智能化、仿生化、并行化以及各种算法的融合是层析成像图像重建算法的发展趋势。     

Contrastive study of two SESAMs for passive mode-locking in Nd:YVO_4 laser with low pump power

Two semiconductor saturable absorber mirrors (SESAMs), of which one is coated with 50% reflection film on the top and the other is not, were contrastively studied in passively mode-locked solid-state lasers which were pumped by low output power laser diode (LD). Experiments have shown that reducing the modulation depth of SESAM by coating partial reflection film, whose reflectivity is higher than that between SESAM and air interface, is an effective method to get continuous wave (CW) mode-locking instead of Q-switched mode-locking (QML) in low power pumped solid-state lasers. A simple Nd:YVO4 laser pumped by low power LD, in which no water-cooling system was used, could obtain CW mode-locking by the 50% reflector coated SESAM with average output power of ~ 20 mW.     

用于绝对距离测量的波长扫描干涉仪信号分析

提出了一种可用于绝对距离测量的波长扫描光纤干涉仪。在时域和频域上，对其输出信号进行了研究。理论分析了法布里－珀罗腔多光束干涉所产生的干扰以及扫描过程中波长的随机漂移对输出信噪比的影响。由此提出了外腔光源结构和加工精度的要求，并设计了相应的信号处理算法，达到了距离测量所要求的０．０５μｍ的精度和０．０１μｍ的分辨率     

Comparison between Two Kinds of Semiconductor Absorbers for Mode-Locking in Nd：YVO4 Laser

We have demonstrated passive mode-locking in a diode-end-pumped Nd：YV04 laser using two kinds of semiconductor absorbers whose relaxation region comes from Ino.2sGao.75As grown at low temperature （LT） and GaAs/air interface respectively. Mode-locking, using absorbers of the GaAs/air interface relaxation region, has the characteristics of less Q-switching tendency and higher average output power than that using absorbers of LT In0.25Ga0.75As relaxation region, but is not as stable as the latter.     

半导体泵浦固体激光陀螺的研究进展

本文对半导体泵浦固体激光陀螺近年来研究进展作了分析和评述，表明半导体泵浦固体激光陀螺是一种全新可行的激光陀螺方案。     

基于灰度差异几何特征的角点检测

为了能在模糊或有噪声的图像中直接检测角点,提出了一种对比多尺度下灰度差异几何特征和搜索局部灰度最大权值的角点检测方法。该方法根据图像中角点位置的灰度差异,采用多尺度圆形检测器遍历图像,对比不同尺度下检测器所得到的几何参数来初步确定角点位置并剔除边缘附近的伪角点;根据局部灰度权值最大原则去除由于圆形检测器的离散性而聚集在真角点周围伪角点,并确定角点的最终位置。实验结果表明,相对于传统算法,该方法能够在对噪声或模糊图像不做预处理的情况下检测出角点。     

TL16C550在一种新型光纤陀螺中的应用

再入式光纤陀螺使相互干涉的两路光在干涉之前循环进入Sagnac光纤敏感环。介绍了这一新型光纤陀螺的原理,采用专门的异步串行通信芯片TL16C550扩展DSP串口,实现陀螺与导航计算机的通讯。结果表明陀螺的数据输出可以达到1kHz,能实现陀螺与导航计算机之间的快速、稳定、准确的数据传输。研制的陀螺零偏稳定性为4.5°/h。     

扫描近场光学显微镜探针与光场相互作用的分析

采用时域有限差分方法对镀金属膜光纤探针在近场光探测中对光场产生的扰动和相互作用过程进行了数值分析。选择纳米孔径的隐失场光场和镀金属膜光纤探针建立了近场光探测的理论模型,讨论了探针孔径尺寸、扫描高度等因素对光场探测的影响,以及测量光场与初始光场之间的关系等。研究结果表明,当探针孔径尺寸与待测纳米孔径尺寸相当,探针扫描高度在接近探针孔径尺寸的一半时,测量得到的光场分布数据能够准确描述初始光场分布。     

Experimental research on the longitudinal field generated by a tightly focused beam

The longitudinal optical field is a peculiar physical phenomenon that is always involved with the domain of near-field optics. Due to its extraordinary properties, it has recently attracted increasing attention in research and application. In this work, the longitudinal fields generated by the evanescent illumination of tightly focused, different polarized hollow beams are investigated. The focused light fields are numerically simulated according to vector diffraction theory, and their vector analysis is also carried out. The longitudinal fields on the focal plane are demonstrated experimentally using tip-enhanced scanning near-field microscopy. The simulation and experimental results show that the tightly focused radially polarized beam is suited to generating a stronger and purer longitudinal optical field at the focus.