IDENTIFICATION OF NATURALLY OCCURRING TEMPERATURE-SENSITIVE STRAINS OF INFLUENZA A VIRUS AND LOCATION OF THEIR GENETIC LESIONS

Influenza A viruses of different subtypes isolated in different years and from differentparts of China were examined for temperature-sensitiveness (ts ) in their early egg passages.The validity of ts character has been confirmed by ti1e results of parallel tests in chickembryos and in cell cultures. From 12 strains of the old H1N1 subtype isolated between1949 and 1957, no ts strain was detected. Two out of 6 strains of new H1N1 isolated afterFebruary 1979 were found to be ts. For the H3N2 subtype, only 8 out of 23 strainsisolated between 1968 and 1978 were ts, but the proportion increased abruptly to 13 out of15 strains isolated in 1979--1980. We also found 6 out of 16 strains of the R2N2 subtypeto be ts. Two H2N2 and one H3N2 strains examined were found to be composed of mixedts and ts~ particles. By rocombination- complementation test against 7 standard ts strains ofWSN virus with known genetic lesions, the ts lesion of the H3N2 strain Hong Kong/8/68was located on the nucleoprotein gene, whereas that of the H1N1 strain Tianjin/78/77 waslocated on the matrix protein gene.     

呲咯电化学聚合的现场ESR波谱和Raman光谱研究

本文采用ESR波谱和Raman光谱方法现场(in situ)研究吡咯在水溶液中的电化学聚合过程。ESR结果显示,形成的聚吡咯(PP)膜的氧化态结构(PP++)对吡咯的氧化聚合具有电催化活性;由此可解释吡咯在PP膜上更易聚合的实验事实。利用表面增强共振Raman散射(SERRS)效应,可研究PP膜在金电极上的形成和增厚过程的结构。光照下吡咯的电化学聚合电位显著降低(约300mV),此光催化作用可望在制备新型有机器件等方面获得应用。     

电磁发射轨道的非傅里叶热应力分析

电磁轨道发射过程中快速升高的温度会导致热应力的急剧变化,这种变化有可能导致轨道的破坏,对轨道的发射效率和寿命造成影响.为了研究轨道应力场的变化规律,利用电磁发射轨道的轨道热传导方程和数据拟合方法得到了沿轨道方向的温度场变化特性,运用应力场理论分析了非傅里叶热效应对轨道应力场的影响.结果表明:电磁轨道炮发射过程中电枢与轨...     

负电阻的串联及并联方式研究

本文通过改变负电阻连接方式以及接地端的位置,对负电阻的串联与并联方式进行仿真研究,得到了多个基于运算放大器构建的负电阻的串联与并联方式,使负电阻的串联与并联不局限于两个负电阻。该方式可使多个负电阻在串联与并联时表现出与正电阻一样的特性。该研究结果明确了负电阻的串联与并联方式,在电路实验教学和工程实践中具有一定的意义。     

Tl—1223超导体及其复Ag带的制备

研究了用产中分熔化法制备Ｔｌ－１２２３超导体的工艺。样品的名义组成为（Ｔｌ０．５Ｐｂ０．５）（Ｓｒ０．８Ｂａ０．２）Ｃａ２Ｃｕ３Ｏｙ。经熔化退火的样品，其磁化电流的７７Ｋ和１Ｔ下大于２×１０＾４／ｃｍ＾２。用熔化－退火的超导粉作原料制得的复Ａｇ带短样，Ｊｃ达１．６－１．７×１０＾４Ａ／ｃｍ＾２（７７ｋ，０Ｔ）。采用烧结后的超导粉作原料，在制备复Ａｇ带的工艺中，如用熔化－退火的热处理制度，可以免除…     

用正电子寿命谱研究GeSe_x硫系玻璃的自由体积

采用正电子寿命谱和拉曼散射研究了不同组分配比的Ge Sex(x=6,7,8,9)硫系玻璃的微结构.正电子寿命结果显示在x=8时,其平均正电子寿命具有最小值.拉曼光谱结果研究表明,这种硫系玻璃样品主要由[Ge Se4]四面体和Seμ链的结构单元构成.以上的实验结果用级配理论得到了合理的解释,这两种结构单元配比关系的变化导致硫系玻璃样品中的自由体积变化,从而导致正电子平均寿命减小.研究发现Ge Se8具有最小的自由体积,即具有最稳定的结构.     

Optical and mechanical properties of hollow-core fibers with cobweb cladding structure

This paper explores the possibility of realizing a hollow-core optical fiber, whose cladding is composed of cylindrical alternating layers of air and high-index material with supporting structure. The optical properties and the design criteria of the proposed fiber are evaluated by the compact two-dimensional (2D) finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) method. In particular, the influence of the number and width of supporting strips on the leakage loss of the fiber is investigated. Furthermore, the mechanical performances of the fiber are estimated by finite-element method, confirming that hollow-core fibers with a reasonable size and number of supporting strips are reliable.     

MORPHOLOGY-STRUCTURE OF ORIENTED NONCRYSTALLINE POLYESTER STUDIED BY TWO-DIMENSIONAL WIDE ANGLE X-RAY SCATTERING

Morphology-structure of oriented noncrystalline polyesters has been studied using the parameters changes of the broad peaks in wide angle X-ray scattering (WAXS) with azimuth angles. Twe-dimensional WAXS show that the oriented noncrystalline polyester is made up of long plane-like chains arranged in opposition to each other; and these chains are composed of oriented atomic distances with the chain axes parallel to the drawing direction and are closely arranged into lateral ordering. It is concluded that the arrangements of both interchain and intrachain distances are in good order in the oriented direction, while in other directions, they are arranged nearly at random. This shows that the oriented noncrystalline polymers are materials with their ordered structure varying with directions.     

多量子位Heisenberg模型中纠缠的时间演化特性

研究了多量子位Heisenberg模型中纠缠的时间演化特性, 并给出了平均纠缠度〈C〉和多体纠缠度Q的解析表达式. 结果发现无论是对〈C〉还是对Q随着时间t的不断增长, 它们均先线性的增大, 而后达到一近似稳定状态, 并绕一平衡值做无规则的上下震荡. 若进一步考察N〈C〉则还可以发现, 纠缠上下震荡的平衡值与Heisenberg链的长度几乎无关, 而仅由它们的次近邻耦合常数J决定.     

纳米晶硅的掺杂及表面改性研究(英文)

采用基于密度泛函理论的第一性原理方法(DMOL3程序),在广义梯度近似(GGA)下,计算了硅纳米晶(Si75H76)在B和P掺杂和乙基(—CH2CH3)、异丙基(—CH(CH3)2)表面改性等情形下态密度、结合能及能隙的变化。结果表明:掺杂对体系的禁带宽度(约3.12eV)几乎没有影响,但会引入带隙态;三配位的B掺杂,在禁带中靠近导带约0.8eV位置引入带隙态,三配位的P掺杂在禁带中靠近价带0.2eV位置引入带隙态;四配位的B掺杂,在禁带中靠近价带约0.4eV位置引入带隙态,四配位的P掺杂在禁带中靠近导带约1.1eV位置引入带隙态;且同等掺杂四配位时体系能量要低于三配位;适当的乙基或异丙基表面覆盖可以降低体系的总能量,且表面覆盖程度越高体系能量越低,但在表面嫁接有机基团过多将导致过高位阻,计算时系统不能收敛。