Universal spin-dependent variable range hopping in wide-band-gap oxide ferromagnetic semiconductors

This paper proposes a universal spin-dependent variable range hopping theoretical model to describe various experimental transport phenomena observed in wide-band-gap oxide ferromagnetic semiconductors with high transition metal concentration. The contributions of the `hard gap' energy, Coulomb interaction, correlation energy, and exchange interaction to the electrical transport are considered in the universal variable range hopping theoretical model. By fitting the temperature and magnetic field dependence of the experimental sheet resistance to the theoretical model, the spin polarization ratio of electrical carriers near the Fermi level and interactions between electrical carriers can be obtained.     

Temperature-dependent specific heat of suspended platinum nanofilms at 80-380 K

Metallic nanofilms are important components of nanoscale electronic circuits and nanoscale sensors. The accurate characterization of the thermophysical properties of nanofilms is very important for nanoscience and nanotechnology. Currently, there is very little specific heat data for metallic nanofilms, and the existing measurements indicate distinct differences according to the nanofilm size. The present work reports the specific heats of 40-nm-thick suspended platinum nanofilms at 80-380 K and ~5×10^-4 Pa using the 3ω method. Over 80-380 K, the specific heats of the Pt nanofilms range from 166-304 J/(kg·K), which are 1.65-2.60 times the bulk values, indicating significant size effects. These results are useful for both scientific research in nanoscale thermophysics and evaluating the transient thermal response of nanoscale devices.     

基于CdSe@ZnS量子点水溶性纳米粒子的制备及荧光性能

作为一种新型的荧光探针,量子点（QD）已经受到越来越多的重视,制备工艺也显得格外重要。水相中合成的量子点效率低,油相中的量子点经过转相以后效率也大大衰减。本论文利用再沉淀包覆的方法制备了具有良好的水溶性的掺杂绿光CdSe@ZnS的纳米颗粒G-NPs（534 nm）和掺杂红光CdSe@ZnS的纳米颗粒R-NPs（610 nm）,具有窄的半峰宽（G-NPs~29 nm,R-NPs~31 nm）,较小的粒径（45 nm）,并在此基础上通过发射光谱与荧光衰减研究了量子点之间的能量传递现象。该方法保留了量子点原来的性质,基于其优良的光学性质,对人类肝细胞肝癌细胞株（HepG2）进行了荧光标记,从共聚焦成像实验结果看出,纳米颗粒得到了良好的吞噬效果。     

Er~(3+)/Tm~(3+)共掺铋硅酸盐玻璃2.0μm光谱性质（英文）

用高温熔融法制备了Er~(3+)/Tm~(3+)共掺杂无铅铋硅酸盐玻璃.测试了玻璃的吸收光谱和荧光光谱,分析和表征了Er~(3+)、Tm~(3+)离子之间的能量传递机制和传递效率,结果表明:在800 nm和1 550 nm光源泵浦下,Er~(3+)的掺入能够增强Tm~(3+)离子1.8μm发光,相应的最大发射截面分别为6.7×10~(-21)cm~2和7.3×10~(-21)cm~2,荧光带宽达到250 nm.根据Dexter-Foster模型,得到Er~(3+):~4I_(13/2)能级到Tm~(3+):~3F_4能级的直接能量传递系数为16.8×10~(-40)cm~6/s,为1 550 nm泵浦下获得较强的1.8μm发光奠定了基础.     

Electronic Phase Separation in Iron Selenide(Li,Fe)OHFeSe Superconductor System

The phenomenon of phase separation into antiferromagnetic(AFM) and superconducting(SC) or normal-state regions has great implication for the origin of high-temperature(high-T_c) superconductivity. However, the occurrence of an intrinsic antiferromagnetism above the T_c of(Li,Fe)OHFe Se superconductor is questioned. Here we report a systematic study on a series of(Li,Fe)OHFe Se single crystal samples with T_c up to ～41 K. We observe an evident drop in the static magnetization at T_(afm) ～ 125 K, in some of the SC(T_c 38 K, cell parameter c■9.27 ?) and non-SC samples. We verify that this AFM signal is intrinsic to(Li,Fe)OHFe Se. Thus, our observations indicate mesoscopic-to-macroscopic coexistence of an AFM state with the normal(below T_(afm)) or SC(below T_c) state in(Li,Fe)OHFe Se. We explain such coexistence by electronic phase separation, similar to that in high-T_c cuprates and iron arsenides. However, such an AFM signal can be absent in some other samples of(Li,Fe)OHFe Se, particularly it is never observed in the SC samples of T_c 38 K, owing to a spatial scale of the phase separation too small for the macroscopic magnetic probe. For this case, we propose a microscopic electronic phase separation. The occurrence of two-dimensional AFM spin fluctuations below nearly the same temperature as T_(afm), reported previously for a(Li,Fe)OHFe Se(T_c ～ 42 K) single crystal, suggests that the microscopic static phase separation reaches vanishing point in high T_c(Li,Fe)OHFe Se. A complete phase diagram is thus established. Our study provides key information of the underlying physics for high-T_c superconductivity.     

PAN基碳纤维在石墨化过程中的拉曼光谱

采用激光拉曼光谱研究了PAN基碳纤维在石墨化(2 000～3 000 ℃)过程中的结构变化;比较了石墨化前后纤维表面和断面拉曼光谱特征。结果表明：高温石墨化后,碳纤维的一级拉曼光谱有3个峰(D,G和D′),表征碳纤维结构有序程度的拉曼参数主要有D和G峰的半高宽(FWHM)、G峰的拉曼位移和D与G峰的积分强度比R(I_D/I_G)。随着热处理温度的提高,D和G峰的半高宽、G峰的拉曼位移和R值均逐渐减小,即使经过3 000 ℃高温处理后,D峰仍然存在,R值为0.19,说明纤维中仍存在无序结构。另外,R值与纤维中石墨微晶的基面宽度L_a成反比,石墨化后纤维取向性的增加使得表面和断面的拉曼光谱有明显的差异。因此,可利用激光拉曼光谱来定量表征碳纤维的石墨化程度和取向。     

非线性Jaynes-Cummings模型中原子偶极矩的高阶压缩

研究了非线性双光子Jaynes-Cummings(J-C)模型系统中原子偶极矩高阶压缩的时间演化特性及其产生条件。结果表明,在弱场条件下,原子偶极矩色散或吸收分量的二阶和六阶量子涨落可被周期性压缩,非线性修正项或失谐量以及热噪声对压缩程度有显著的影响。     

依赖强度耦合的级联三能级原子系统中双模压缩真空初态场的非经典性质

运用全量子理论研究了依赖强度耦合的级联三能级原子系统中双模压缩真空初态场的压缩及量子统计性质,并讨论了初始光场的压缩参量以及原子—光场单光子失谐量对光场非经典性质的影响.     

冷原子系综中光纤腔增强且高保真度的光学存储

利用原子系综中的Duan-Lukin-Cirac-Zoller (DLCZ)过程可产生光与原子记忆(自旋波)量子纠缠,该纠缠可作为量子中继的重要元件.随着量子信息研究的深入发展,人们对量子信息存储其灵活多样性、可控性等方面提出更高的要求.本文在冷原子系综中演示了一种基于DLCZ过程的光纤腔增强且高保真度的光学存储方案,即将87Rb原子系综放于设计的光纤腔中,通过光纤腔增强“写出”和“读出”光子与原子系综的耦合实现自旋波量子信息的有效恢复,同时具有较高的保真度.观察到有腔且锁定的情况下斯托克斯光子产生概率比无腔时增加4.6倍,原子自旋波读出效率增加1.6倍,实验实现22%的读出效率并具有92%的量子态保真度,该读出效率对应一个40%的本质读出效率.这种高度可恢复、高量子态保真度的原子-光子纠缠源,可为未来长距离量子通信及广域大规模量子网络构建的实现提供另一种有效的途径.     

自制“地磁场发电机”在高中物理教学中的应用

基于现有教材中交流发电机原理,自制“地磁场发电机”演示装置,结构简洁,效果直观清晰,有显著的冲击力.将自制教具与物理教学有机结合,鼓励学生亲自参与,引起学生的学习兴趣,培养学生的科学探究能力和创新能力,提升物理学科素养.