石墨烯/Fe3O4/TiO2磁性纳米复合材料的光催化性能研究

利用石墨烯纳米(GNs)片作为载体,将钛酸四正丁酯包裹Fe3O4纳米粒子的微乳液通过搅拌和超声负载于其表面或镶嵌于其二维结构的片层间,制备GNs/Fe3O4/TiO2磁性复合光催化材料.通过FrIR、SEM、TEM、EDX、XRD、VSM等手段对样品进行了表征,并对其光催化机理进行了分析.测试结果表明,TiO2含量对复合材料的光催化性能有显著影响,对对硝基苯酚和罗丹明B的光催化降解率最高分别可达96.0;和98.3;.     

Ultra-low power anti-crosstalk collision avoidance light detection and ranging using chaotic pulse position modulation approach

A novel concept of collision avoidance single-photon light detection and ranging(LIDAR) for vehicles has been demonstrated, in which chaotic pulse position modulation is applied on the transmitted laser pulses for robust anti-crosstalk purposes. Besides, single-photon detectors(SPD) and time correlated single photon counting techniques are adapted, to sense the ultra-low power used for the consideration of compact structure and eye safety. Parameters including pulse rate, discrimination threshold, and number of accumulated pulses have been thoroughly analyzed based on the detection requirements, resulting in specified receiver operating characteristics curves. Both simulation and indoor experiments were performed to verify the excellent anti-crosstalk capability of the presented collision avoidance LIDAR despite ultra-low transmitting power.     

Wavefront sensing based on phase contrast theory and coherent optical processing

A novel wavefront sensing method based on phase contrast theory and coherent optical processing is proposed. The wavefront gradient field in the object plane is modulated into intensity distribution in a gang of patterns, making highdensity detection available. By applying the method, we have also designed a wavefront sensor. It consists of a classical coherent optical processing system, a CCD detector array, two pieces of orthogonal composite sinusoidal gratings, and a mechanical structure that can perform real-time linear positioning. The simulation results prove and demonstrate the validity of the method and the sensor in high-precision measurement of the wavefront gradient field.     

预应力对LY12铝弹性前驱波的影响

通过过盈配合的热装配方法对LY12铝合金平面样品施加了径向预应力,采用平面飞片撞击方法获得了预应力对弹性前驱波的影响。结果表明:当飞片均以500 m/s的速度撞击样品时,压缩预应变为0(无预应变)、964.5×10-6和1 886.0×10-6时,弹性前驱波幅值分别为87.56、95.24、121.03 m/s,压缩预应力(变)提高了LY12铝弹性前驱波幅值。结合实验的特点,探讨了对样品施加静态径向预应力的数值模拟方法,结果表明,上升沿(100 μs)较为缓慢的加载可以达到与准静态加载应力分布一样的结果。采用该数值模拟方法给出和验证了弹性前驱波随压缩预应力增加而上升的计算结果,与实验结果较为吻合。     

All-fiber linearly polarized laser oscillator by fiber coiling loss control

In this paper,we demonstrate an all-fiber linearly polarized fiber laser oscillator.The single polarization of the oscillator is achieved through the careful designing of the active fiber coiling.The relationship between fiber coiling diameter and polarization extinction ratio and optical efficiency is studied,whose results lead to an optimized system.The thermal management of the oscillator is also refined,which allows the oscillator to reach a maximum output power of44.1 W with an optical-to-optical efficiency of 57.9%.A high average polarization extinction ratio of 21.6 d B is achieved during a 2-hour stability test.The oscillator also owns a narrow 3-d B bandwidth of 0.1 nm,as well as near-diffraction-limit beam quality of M~2~ 1.14.     

基于稀疏表示的谱线自动提取方法

谱线提取在光谱分析中起着非常重要的作用,它对后续的光谱分类和参数测量有着直接的影响。文章提出了一种基于稀疏表示的谱线自动提取方法。首先,用基于稀疏表示的小波去噪方法去除噪声,该方法通过对光谱信号对应的小波系数进行稀疏化处理来达到去噪的目的,其优点是在处理小波系数时虽然将其作为整体进行考虑,但依然能保持小波系数的局部特性不变,所以在去噪的同时很好地保持了特征谱线的信息。其次,利用小波变换与样条拟合相结合的方法拟合出较为满意的伪连续谱,该方法在拟合过程中,先将强谱线扣除掉,从而使得拟合结果非常接近真实的连续谱。最后,通过对归一化后的谱线光谱设置自适应局部阈值来提取特征谱线。实验结果表明该方法切实有效。     

基于神光Ⅲ原型的双轴速度干涉仪

在激光惯性约束聚变研究中不对黑腔和靶丸做额外处理的条件下,靶丸的早期驱动对称性一直缺少直观的观测手段.介绍了基于神光III原型装置发展的双轴任意反射面速度干涉仪技术及相应的实验结果.通过在靶丸内部安装小反射镜的方式,获得靶丸赤道及极区的冲击波速度历程.根据材料的反射率及其受X射线的影响程度,确定Al为现阶段反射镜的合适材料.对汇聚几何效应下的数据判读问题进行了分析,发现靶装配精度对该技术的影响很大.通过实验完成了双轴VISAR诊断技术的探索,可为进一步发展双轴速度干涉仪和多轴速度干涉仪的工作提供参考.     

LAMOST离群光谱J140242.45+092049.8特征分析

LAMOST巡天已获取超过100 000条星系光谱,为探索珍贵、稀有的天体从而完善现有科学理论提供了重要的数据条件。研究采用基于相关子空间的离群挖掘方法,从LAMOST DR3星系光谱数据中获得的离群数据挖掘结果中,针对呈现出多种稀有特征的光谱J140242.45+092049.8进行了深入分析。首先利用特征光谱线进行红移测量并交叉SDSS同源光谱提供的红移信息,测量并证认了该光谱的两套红移系统：吸收线系统z₁=0.020 95、发射线系统z₂=0.069 5。从整体上,通过交叉现有文献及SDSS图像特征,分析了该“吸收+发射”模式的双红移系统属于透镜星系的可能性,而红移间隔Δz=0.048远大于Keel指出的双星系具有物理关系的临界0.008,意味着该目标前景与背景星系之间只是视向重叠,即视向星系对,没有相互的物理作用;对于前景星系(吸收线系统),通过测量光谱中呈现的特殊的特征线强度,分析了属于E+A星系的可能性;对于背景星系(发射线系统)光谱中呈现的双峰特征,分析了该光谱来自双峰发射线星系的可能性;此外,初步分析了该光谱中背景星系发射线强度关系异常的原因。     

Fiber fuse behavior in k W-level continuous-wave double-clad field laser

In this study, original experimental data for fiber fuse in k W-level continuous-wave(CW) high power double-clad fiber(DCF) laser are reported. The propagating velocity of the fuse is 9.68 m/s in a 3.1-k W Yb-doped DCF laser. Three other cases in Yb-doped DCF are also observed. We think that the ignition of fiber fuse is caused by thermal mechanism,and the formation of bullet-shaped tracks is attributed to the optical discharge and temperature gradient. The inducements of initial fuse and formation of bullet-shaped voids are analyzed. This investigation of fiber fuse helps better understand the fiber fuse behavior, in order to avoid the catastrophic destruction caused by fiber fuse in high power fiber laser.     

新课程背景下中学化学作业套餐的研究——化学作业设计及案例解析

传统的作业一直被认为是课堂教学的延伸和补充,由于其形式单一,缺乏灵活性和创新意识,使学生对作业丧失了激情,难以达到教学效果。“作业套餐”作为有创新性且具时尚性的一种作业形式,要求作业量要少而精,满足不同层次、不同阶段学生的训练,又能给学生留出充分的自由发挥空间,达到分层教育、分步学习、系统熟练的要求。通过对作业套餐的教学实践和深入理解,旨在介绍课程背景下的作业套餐设计和案例分析。