CdSe薄膜的制备及性能表征

室温下,以CdSO4H1SeO3和Na2SO4为原料,采用二电极体系,利用电化学法在ITO玻璃基底上沉积了CdSe薄膜.采用高分辨x射线衍射仪(HRXRD)、场发射扫描电镜(FESEM)、原子力显微镜(AFM)、紫外.可见.近红外(UV-VIS-NIR)分光光度计、荧光分光光度计(PL)对不同沉积电压下所制备的薄膜的晶体结构、形貌及光学性能进行分析表征.结果表明:所制备的薄膜为立方相CdSe,呈纳米颗粒状,部分粒子表现出不均匀团聚.紫外吸收光谱的吸收峰较体相CdSe有较大的蓝移,且导致禁带宽度发生改变,表现出量子尺寸效应.样品发射光谱表现出荧光现象,且单色性好.适当的沉积电压对CdSe薄膜的形貌和质量起关键作用,同时讨论了其反应机理.     

稳态强磁场实验装置及其科学研究

稳态强磁场实验装置(Steady High Magnetic Field Facility,SHMFF)是我国自主研制的国内唯一能提供稳态强磁场实验条件的国家重大科技基础设施,已于2017年9月竣工,完成国家验收。SHMFF的磁体技术和装置综合性能达到国际领先水平,为我国材料、物理、化学、生命科学等多学科的前沿研究提供了一流水平的强磁场极端实验条件。来自国内外的众多科学家们正在利用SHMFF开展多学科研究,已经取得一大批重要的科学研究成果,不断地推动多学科基础科学前沿的发展。     

Optimize the thermoelectric performance of CdO ceramics by doping Zn

The thermoelectric performance of CdO ceramics was enhanced by simultaneously optimizing the electrical and thermal transport properties via a small amount of Zn doping(≤3%). The introduction of Zn can obviously increase the electrical conductivity of CdO due to the simultaneous increase of carrier concentration and mobility, and eventually results in an improvement in power factor. Zn doping is also effective in suppressing the thermal conductivity of CdO because of stronger phonon scatterings from point defects, Zn-riched second phase, and grain boundaries. A best ZT of about 0.45 has been achieved in the Cd_(1-x)Zn_xO systems at about 1000 K, which is comparable to the highest values reported for other n-type oxide TE materials.     

谈谈“渗透探究”思想的“启发式-少而精”教学——记初中“光的传播”教学

《新课程标准》要求尽量多开展“探究性教学”,“探究性教学”重在培养学生“探究能力”和“创新精神”.我国要融入世界,要参与世界竞争,从小培养学生的“探究能力”和“创新精神”是非常重要的教育理念,不能忽视,更不能反对!     

双光束激光处理水溶液对ICP发射光谱的增强作用

为了改变水溶液的物理性质, 提高ICP发射光谱的辐射强度, 实验采用波长为976 nm的近红外激光和10.6 μm的CO2激光正交辐照水溶液, 研究了不同激光功率密度和辐照时间对水溶液表面张力和粘度的影响, 也探讨了处理后水溶液对ICP光谱强度的增强作用。实验结果表明, 在976 nm激光功率密度为0.265 7 W·cm-2, CO2激光为0.2069 W·cm-2以及辐照时间为40 min条件下, 水溶液的表面张力和粘度比未进行激光处理时的分别减小了42.13%和14.03%, 而雾化效率升高了51.26%。将优化条件下激光处理的水溶液引入ICP光源后发现, 样品元素As, Cd, Cr, Hg和Pb的光谱强度比水溶液未处理时的分别提高了46.29%, 94.65%, 30.76%, 33.07%和94.58%, 信背比分别增大了43.84%, 85.35%, 28.71%, 34.37%和90.91%;等离子体温度和电子密度也分别升高了5.94%和1.18%。可见, 双光束激光正交辐照水溶液的方法能够明显降低水溶液的表面张力和粘度, 提高ICP光源的辐射强度, 这为顺利检测水样品中痕量重金属元素创造了条件。     

Tunable enhanced spatial shifts of reflective beam on the surface of a twisted bilayer of hBN

We investigated Goos-Hänchen (GH) and Imbert-Fedorov (IF) shifts of a reflective beam on a twisted bilayer of hexagonal boron nitride (hBN), where a left circularly polarized beam was incident on the surface. Our results demonstrate that the twist angle between the two optical axes plays an important role in obtaining large shifts with a high reflectivity. The GH shift with 10λ₀ is achieved, while the reflectivity is near 100% by tuning the twist angle. The maximum of the IF shift is found in the certain condition satisfied by the reflective coefficients, and the shift strongly depends on the twist angle between the optical axes of the two slabs. The spatial shifts obtained directly from the GH and IF shift definitions were provided, which indicate that the theoretical results from the stationary phase method are believable. These results may open up a new way for developing the nano-optical devices.     

免疫质谱法检测肝癌血清多肽标志物

建立免疫亲和富集分离与质谱分析相结合的免疫质谱法用于血清多肽标志物pep5的检测。多克隆抗体与蛋白A琼脂糖颗粒偶联用于捕获pep5,基质辅助激光解析电离飞行时间质谱检测标志物。本方法的线性范围为1～48 nmol/L,检出限0.2 nmol/L;回收率为93.0%～103.1%,相对标准偏差(RSD)为6.4%～11.8%;反复冻融3次pep5,检测结果稳定;检测临床肝癌/正常血清样本灵敏度为78.0%、特异度为90%。该方法方便、快速、准确,适用于临床样本中低浓度标志物的检测研究,对于癌症的早期诊断具有重要意义。     

High temperature thermoelectric properties of highly c-axis oriented Bi2Sr2Co2Oy thin films fabricated by pulsed laser deposition

High-temperature thermoelectric transport property measurements have been performed on the highly c-axis oriented Bi2Sr2Co20v thin films prepared by pulsed laser deposition on LaA1Oa （001）. Both the electric resistivity p and the seebeck coefficient S of the film exhibit an increasing trend with the temperature from 300 K-1000 K and reach up to 4.8 m. cm and 202 V/K at 980 K, resulting in a power factor of 0.85 mW/mK which are comparable to those of the single crystalline samples. A small polaron hopping conduction can be responsible for the conduction mechanism of the film at high temperature. The results demonstrate that the Bi2Sr2Co2Oy thin film has potential application has high temperature thin film thermoelectric devices,     

High temperature thermoelectric properties of highly c-axis oriented Bi₂Sr₂Co₂O_y thin films fabricated by pulsed laser deposition

High-temperature thermoelectric transport property measurements have been performed on the highly c-axis oriented Bi2Sr2Co2Oy thin films prepared by pulsed laser deposition on LaAlO3(001).Both the electric resistivity ρ and the seebeck coefficient S of the film exhibit an increasing trend with the temperature from 300 K-1000 K and reach up to 4.8 m·Ω· cm and 202 μV/K at 980 K,resulting in a power factor of 0.85 mW/mK which are comparable to those of the single crystalline samples.A small polaron hopping conduction can be responsible for the conduction mechanism of the film at high temperature.The results demonstrate that the Bi2Sr2Co2Oy thin film has potential application in high temperature thin film thermoelectric devices.     

X射线衍射双峰的Voigt峰形函数拟合

给出了Voigt函数的一种计算方法,同时给出了一种用Voigt峰形函数拟合由Kα1、Kα2引起的晶体X射线双峰衍射谱的一种算法,此算法可同时对多个衍射双峰进行拟合和分峰,从而给出较准确的衍射峰宽度,用于计算晶体颗粒尺寸和应力等.用此算法计算了纳米GSGG的颗粒度,结果表明:在低角度,双峰叠加对衍射峰的半高全宽的影响可忽略,而在高角度双峰的衍射间隔加宽,使计算获得的粒度明显偏小.