158A GeV的相对论重离子碰撞的强子快度分布及温度拟合

针对最近NA49在158A GeV的实验(C+C,Si+Si,Pb+Pb)数据,应用LUCIAE3.0模型进行模拟,得到了强子的快度分布和横向动量分布,并与实验数据进行比较,发现基本与实验数据相吻合。并对横向动量分布进行温度拟合,给出了和实验数据吻合很好的结果,但是对于重系统或重强子LUCIAE3.0给出的结果与实验符合相对较差.     

弹核碎裂反应的同位旋标度率及核的对称能系数研究

用统计擦碎模型对中能区弹核碎裂反应中的同位旋标度率现象进行了系统研究. 发现在弹核碎裂反应中存在同位旋标度率现象, 但同位旋标度率参数随每核子的激发能的增加迅速下降. 而影响同位旋标度率参数变化的最主要的因素是由于激发能不同及蒸发效应. 采用费米气体模型的激发能与核温度的关系, 从同位旋标度率参数提取出核的对称能系数, 值的大小及其与激发能的变化趋势跟实验数据基本一致.     

46.7MeV/u 12C+58Ni、115In、197Au α粒子发射研究

本文报道了46.7MeV/u ¹²C轰击⁵⁸Ni、¹¹⁵In、¹⁹⁷Au反应发射α粒子的角分布和能谱.从速度表象中洛仑兹不变截面等高图中明显看到发射α粒子的三个源.用这三个源的运动源模型成功地拟合了α粒子能谱,所提取的强相互作用源参数符合费米气体模型计算结果,并讨论了能谱及拟合参数对靶的依赖关系.认为快速源实质上来自弹核碎裂或类弹核碎裂.     

反质子间相互作用的研究

随着对反物质研究的深入,人们需要迫切知道反质子之间的相互作用力是怎样的,是否与质子之间的作用是对称的。对这个作用力的测量,有助于我们理解反物质原子核的形成机制以及对物质-反物质对称性的理解。为此,STAR合作组利用相对论重离子加速器中金核-金核碰撞中产生的丰富的反质子,通过反质子-反质子动量关联函数的测量,并扣除了通过其他粒子衰变过来的次级反质子与其他反粒子关联的污染,精确地构建了反质子-反质子关联函数。然后,结合量子多粒子关联理论,定量提取出反质子-反质子的有效力程和散射长度这两个基本作用参数。研究表明,在实验精度内,反质子间的相互作用与正质子保持一致。反质子-反质子之间的强相互作用存在着吸引,它们可以克服由于同号（负电荷）的反质子-反质子之间的库仑排斥而结合成反物质原子核。这项研究首次实现了对反物质间相互作用力的测量,为进一步研究反原子核的形成和属性奠定了基础。同时为CPT对称性的检验提供了一种新的方式,对人类深刻认识物质世界的构成及其运动规律具有重要意义。With undergoing researches on antimatter physics, it is crucial to understand what the interaction between antiprotons is. Is it the same as the interaction between protons? This measurement will definitely help us to understand the formation mechanism of antimatter nuclei as well as the symmetry of matter and antimatter. In this context, our STAR collaboration measured the correlation function of antiproton-antiproton pairs from 200 GeV/c Au+Au collisions. After substracting the residual correlation due to the secondary antiprotons that decayed from other particles, the primary antiproton-antiproton correlation function is extracted. By applying the quantum theory of multi-particle correlation, two key parameters that characterize the corresponding strong interaction:namely, the scattering length (f₀) and effective range (d₀) were obtained. Within error bars, it is found that the f₀ and d₀ for the antiproton-antiproton interaction are consistent with their antiparticle counterparts -the ones for the proton-proton interaction. Like the force that holds ordinary protons together within the nuclei of atoms, the force between antiprotons is attractive and strong, which overcomes the tendency of the like (negatively) charged particles to repel one another, and allows the antiprotons to bind to form antinucleus. The current measurement is for the first time to measure the interaction between antimatter, it offers a foundation to understanding the structure of more-complex antinuclei and their properties. Also our measurement offers a new way to test the CPT symmetry, which has an important impact for human beings to understand the law of motion in our world.     

Measurement of electric polarizabilities of light nucleus(nucleons)

The measurement of the electromagnetic polarizabilities have been given extensive attention, which is also a fresh field of the experimental nuclear physics. Now we will use the method - the light nucleus scattered by the heavy nucleus at energies below the Coulomb barrier to precisely and systematically measure the polarizabilities of the light nucleus. We hope we can solve the inconsistency among the results of the ³He polarizabilities and extract the ⁴He polarizabilities by our experiment. It is useful to mention that our experiment now is a supplement to the future experiment on SLEGS.     

Hypertriton and light nuclei production at Λ-production subthreshold energy in heavy-ion collisions

High-energy heavy-ion collisions produce abundant hyperons and nucleons. A dynamical coalescence model coupled with the ART model is employed to study the production probabilities of light clusters, deuteron (d), triton (t), helion (³He), and hypertriton (_Λ³H) at subthreshold energy of Λ production (≈ 1 GeV per nucleon). We study the dependence on the reaction system size of the coalescence penalty factor per additional nucleon and entropy per nucleon. The Strangeness Population Factor (S₃ / (³He × (Λ/p))) shows an extra suppression of hypertriton comparing to light clusters of the same mass number. This model predicts a hypertriton production cross-section of a few μb in ³⁶Ar+³⁶Ar, ⁴⁰Ca+⁴⁰Ca and ⁵⁶Ni+⁵⁶Ni in 1 A GeV reactions. The production rate is as high as a few hypertritons per million collisions, which shows that the fixed-target heavy-ion collisions at CSR (Lanzhou/China) at Λ subthreshold energy are suitable for breaking new ground in hypernuclear physics.     

揭开中微子和反中微子的马约拉纳神秘面纱——无中微子双贝塔衰变低温晶体量热器实验

中微子可能的马约拉纳粒子属性超出了目前标准模型的范畴,是粒子物理与核物理研究领域最重要的科学问题之一。无中微子双贝塔衰变(0vββ)实验是能够确定中微子马约拉纳属性的唯一途径。0vββ的发现可以揭示中微子绝对质量、轻子数破缺、物质—反物质不对称等一系列自然奥秘,是当今粒子物理与核物理研究的前沿课题。在探索无中微子双贝塔衰变的可选择实验方案中,低温晶体量热器具有高能量分辨率、高运行稳定性和低辐射本底的技术优势,成为新一代0vββ实验最具竞争力的探测器技术之一。文章首先介绍无中微子双贝塔衰变的研究历史,之后介绍低温晶体量热器及其最先进的代表——CUORE实验,最后展望关于我国锦屏地下实验室开展低温晶体量热器0vββ实验研究的前景。     

中能重离子周边反应产物的同位素分布与中子皮、激发能的关系

对中能重离子周边反应产物的同位素分布与中子皮、激发能的关系进行了研究.在同位素分布计算中考虑了小液滴模型预言的中子皮厚度的影响,并加入了中能区经验的耗散计算方法,拟合了中能⁴⁰Ar和⁸⁶Kr炮弹产生的同位素分布.     

裂变路径对断点前粒子发射的影响

用扩散模型研究了裂变系统从鞍点到断点的时间演化, 以及在此间的粒子发射与鞍点前粒子发射的比随着裂变系统质量的变化. 解释了实验上发现的断点前粒子多重性随裂变碎片质量不对称性的变化趋势. 结果表明上述两种变化趋势都可以归因于裂变演化路程长短的影响.