Development of a 325 MHz β =0.12 superconducting single spoke cavity for China-ADS

Twelve very low Beta superconducting single spoke cavities, whose Beta is only 0.12 (Spoke012) when operating at 325 MHz, are adopted in Injector I for China-ADS linac. This type of spoke cavity is believed to be one of the key challenges for its very low geometric Beta. So far, in collaboration with Peking University and Harbin Institute of Technology, IHEP has successfully designed, fabricated, and tested the Spoke012 prototype cavity. This paper presents the details of the design, fabrication and test results for Spoke012 prototype cavity.     

Design of a 325 MHz SC Spoke040 cavity at IHEP

A spoke cavity is a TEM-class superconducting resonator with particular advantages: compact structure and high shunt impedance. The 325 MHz β =0.40(β =v/c, v is the velocity of particle and c is the velocity of light)single spoke cavity(Spoke 040) is adopted for the Chinese ADS(Accelerator Driven Sub-critical System) project. The physics and mechanical design has been accomplished, and the fabrication of a prototype is currently in progress. In this paper, the optimization processes for the main radio frequency(RF) and mechanical parameters are analyzed in detail. Two kinds of cavity end-walls(flat and convex) are compared. The convex end-wall is preferred in order to improve mechanical performance of the cavity. Two prototypes of the Spoke 040 cavity are in the machining stage,and should be finished in early 2014.Vertical testing is also under preparation.     

325MHz超导腔输入耦合器镀铜层厚度的实验研究

通过对工作在325 MHz、镀铜厚度分别为10,20,30μm的耦合器外导体进行高功率测试,研究了超导腔输入耦合器外导体内壁镀铜层厚度与漏热的依赖关系,目的在于寻找最优化的铜层厚度来降低超导腔输入耦合器的低温漏热。实验结果表明,20μm铜层的耦合器具有较低的动态损耗。综合考虑静态损耗与动态损耗,则20μm铜层厚度为最优化的铜层厚度。     

Fabrication of the high power input coupler for BEPCⅡ superconducting cavities

The BEPCII storage ring adopts two 500 MHz superconducting cavities (SCC). Each one is equipped with a 500 MHz input power coupler. The coupler is to feed 150 kW power in continuous wave (CW) mode with both standing and traveling wave modes. Due to high power feeding and high frequency of the coupler, its fabrication is a big challenge. The fabrication started with two key components,the window and the antenna. Up to now, two sets including windows and antennas have been made by IHEP. And a 270 kW RF power in CW has passed through the coupler during the high power test. The fabrication details are presented in this paper.     

BEPCⅡ高频系统的建造

北京正负电子对撞机二期(BEPCⅡ)的高频系统已于2006年11月投入运行, 它包括了3个子系统:     

325 MHz spoke腔的二次电子倍增效应

采用CST软件的粒子工作室模块, 对spoke超导腔中可能发生的二次电子倍增效应进行了分析研究,并采用二次电子倍增效应发生后形成稳定状态时的粒子数增长率来表征其强度。模拟计算表明:该腔存在两处二次电子倍增效应,spoke柱两端的两点一阶倍增; spoke腔两端侧壁与中心圆筒交界处的单点一阶倍增;二次电子倍增在加速腔压为0.65 MV时的增长率最高,而腔压大于1 MV时,增长率均为负,即无倍增发生。     

Low beta spoke cavity multipacting analysis

The simulation and analysis for electron multipacting phenomenon in a low β spoke superconducting cavity in ADS proton accelerator are proposed. Using both CST and Track3P codes, the electron multipacting calculation for β=0.12 spoke superconducting cavity is implemented. The methods of multipacting calculation on both codes are studied and described. With the comparison between the calculation results and the cavity vertical test result, the accuracy and reliability of different codes on calculating multipacting are analyzed. Multipacting calculation can help to understand the results of vertical test and also can help to do the optimization in cavity design.     

A tuning system for BEPCⅡ

The tuning system plays a very important role when a superconducting cavity is in operation. It cooperates with other control loops to adjust the cavity frequency with high precision, reduce the reflection power, guarantee the stability of beam, and ensure the safety of the superconducting cavity. This paper focuses mainly on the tuning system working principle, the working state and problems that Beijing Electron Positron Collider (BEPC ) has encountered during operation.     

Horizontal test for BEPC 500 MHz spare cavity

The horizontal test for the BEPC 500 MHz spare cavity has been completed at IHEP. The maximum voltage of the cavity reached 2.17 MV, while Q 0 was 5.78 × 108 . The process and results of the high power horizontal test are presented and discussed in this paper.     

Coupler conditioning and high power testing of ADS Spoke cavity

Power couplers,used in China-ADS proton linac injector I,are required to transfer 6 kW RF power to the superconducting Spoke cavities.At present,first the two couplers of a coaxial design have been fabricated,which accomplished a high power test at IHEP.The test results indicated that couplers of this design are qualified to deliver10 kW RF power in continuous travelling wave mode.This paper describes the coupler’s room temperature test procedures and results and discusses the original high power test,which was terminated due to serious out-gassing and after some modifications.In the final test,the couplers smoothly exceeded the design power level.