CDIO模式下的大学物理实验教学改革探索与实践

在大学物理实验教学中,通过实践CDIO模式教学法培养学生的实验技能和创新能力。探索应用性、开放性的学生科技创新性物理实验教学体系。     

金属铜Cu凝固过程中晶体生长与团簇微观结构演变特性的模拟研究

采用分子动力学方法和Quantum Sutton-Chen（QS-C）多体势,对液态金属铜（Cu）凝固过程中的晶体生长规律及纳米团簇微观结构转变特性进行了模拟跟踪研究．运用Honeycutt-Andersen（HA）键型指数法和新的原子团类型指数法（CTIM-2）分析了金属Cu原子的成键类型和原子团簇结构演变特性.结果发现：当以1.0×1013K/s速率凝固时,系统最终形成晶体和非晶体混合共存结构;在以4.0×1012K/s速度冷却时,系统从673K就开始结晶,并形成以1421和1422二种键型为主的晶体结构;面心立方（FCC）和六角密集（HCP）结构在形成晶体铜时起着非常重要的作用,尤其是由1421键型构成的面心立方（12 0 0 0 12 0）基本原子团在晶体生长和纳米团簇结构形成过程中占主导地位.     

氧化钒-碳纳米管复合薄膜的制备及特性

提出了一种制备氧化钒热敏电阻薄膜的新方法。采用紫外光和过氧化氢相结合的方法,对多壁碳纳米管进行功能化处理,然后通过溶胶-凝胶法,使功能化碳纳米管与V2O5相复合,制备氧化钒-碳纳米管复合薄膜。与单纯的氧化钒薄膜相比,氧化钒-碳纳米管复合膜的薄膜方阻和光学带隙发生减小,而电阻温度系数(TCR)和光吸收率相应增大。复合膜还具有更高的载流子迁移速率,更加适合应用到红外探测器当中。     

真空绝热板(VIP)热桥效应的扩展模型分析

做为一种新型、高效的绝热材料,真空绝热板在其使用过程中不可避免会产生热桥效应,从而在一定程度上影响了板材整体绝热性能.文中介绍利用能量守恒方程建立了VIP热桥效应的扩展分析模型,通过对扩展模型方程的求解和分析,进一步分析了VIP热桥效应的影响参数.通过比对分析,提出的计算模型与国外数据模型得到了较好的吻合,可利用该扩展...     

Point pattern matching based on kernel partial least squares

Point pattern matching is an essential step in many image processing applications.This letter investigates the spectral approaches of point pattern matching,and presents a spectral feature matching algorithm based on kernel partial least squares(KPLS).Given the feature points of two images,we define position similarity matrices for the reference and sensed images,and extract the pattern vectors from the matrices using KPLS,which indicate the geometric distribution and the inner relationships of the feature points.Feature points matching are done using the bipartite graph matching method.Experiments conducted on both synthetic and real-world data demonstrate the robustness and invariance of the algorithm.     

弹粘塑性双球壳塌缩热点反应模型

 基于Kim的弹粘塑性单球壳塌缩模型,考虑PBX炸药中的粘结剂效应,假设炸药和粘结剂均为弹粘塑性材料,建立了弹粘塑性双球壳塌缩热点反应模型,给出了炸药球壳在冲击压力作用下的速度、应变、温度和化学反应速率的时空分布,以及新的热点反应速率理论表达式。把新的热点反应项与Kim的低压下慢反应项和张震宇提出的高压反应速率方程相结合,得到了新的冲击起爆三项式细观反应速率模型。把该模型加入DYNA2D中,模拟了PBX-9501炸药的一维冲击起爆过程,结果表明：该模型除了可以解释炸药颗粒度和孔隙度的影响外,还可以较好地描述粘结剂强度和含量对PBX炸药冲击起爆感度的影响。     

Investigation on the intensity noise characteristics of the semiconductor ring laser

Based on the frequency-domain multimode theoretical model, detailed investigations on the noise characteristic of the semiconductor ring laser （SRL） are first performed in this paper. The comprehensive nonlinear terms related to the third order nonlinear susceptibility Z3 are included in this model; the Langevin noise sources for electric field and carrier density fluctuations are also taken into account. As the injection current increases, the SRL may present several operation regimes. Remarkable and unusual low frequency noise enhancement in the form of a broad low frequency tail extending all the way to the relaxation oscillation peak is observed in any of the operation regimes of SRLs. The influences of the backscattering coefficient on the relative intensity noise （RIN） spectrum in typical operation regimes are investigated in detail.     

无指针δ-淬火直接测量法测量量子密度矩阵

量子密度矩阵描述了量子态的性质,因此如何有效地测量密度矩阵是量子力学的核心课题之一.最近,几个研究组发展了一种基于弱值的直接测量密度矩阵的方法.相较于常用的量子态层析技术,这种方法能够更直接和更简便地重构密度矩阵.然而这种方法需要耦合额外的测量指针,从而也增加了测量的复杂度和测量系统的设计困难.本文先回顾并讨论了量子态...     

Evidence for Magnetic Fractional Excitations in a Kitaev Quantum-Spin-Liquid Candidate α-RuCl3

It is known that α-Ru Cl₃ has been studied extensively because of its proximity to the Kitaev quantum-spin-liquid（QSL） phase and the possibility of approaching it by tuning the competing interactions. Here we present the first polarized inelastic neutron scattering study on α-Ru Cl₃ single crystals to explore the scattering continuum around the Γ point at the Brillouin zone center, which was hypothesized to be resulting from the Kitaev QSL state but without concrete evidenc...     

充气反冲核谱仪焦平面探测阵列的GEANT4模拟

充气反冲核谱仪(SHANS)是目前国内合成缺中子锕系新核素、研究重核素a衰变性质的重要实验装置.为进一步提高焦平面探测阵列对重核素a衰变粒子和射线的探测效率,计划对现有探测装置进行升级.本文的主要工作是采用基于蒙特卡罗方法的GEANT4软件对现有的谱仪探测器阵列进行模拟,并与实验测量数据进行比较,以验证程序的准确性.结...