加速度计的离心加速度场翻滚校准方法

针对现有加速度计校准方法的不足,提出了一种在大于1g的离心大加速度激励下加速度计的多位置翻滚校准方法。建立了加速度计在离心加速度场翻滚校准的数学模型,研究了加速度计的离心加速度场翻滚校准方法,给出了离心加速度场翻滚校准步骤,并采用石英加速度计进行了离心加速度场的十二位置等多位置翻滚校准试验,获得了大g值激励下加速度计的安装误差、交叉耦合系数等模型方程系数。采用本方法进行校准,校准状态更接近加速度计实际使用状态,因而校准获得的模型方程系数用于修正后,将提高加速度计的测量精度。     

利用超球势曲线分析正电子与氦原子体系中的共振态

超球势曲线用来分析正电子氦原子体系中的共振态。利用插值方法得到交叉的势曲线,然后求解超球薛定谔方程。计算结果表明处于-0.07922 a.u.的共振是与Ps(n=2)态相联的,而处于-0.06888 a.u.的共振是与He（1s3s）态相关。     

无外接电源富集装置-手持式XRF现场分析水体中重金属

水体中重金属污染越来越受到人们的关注与重视,急需开发高效低耗、利于推广的便携式的水质检测技术,帮助地质及环境领域的工作者现场获取实验数据,对污染区域及时做出准确的水体环境评价,有助于水体污染的预防与治理工作。采用无外接电源的富集装置,在pH 4的条件下以S-930螯合树脂捕集水体中的重金属,经抽滤制得均匀薄膜样,再使用手持式XRF现场分析水体中Mn,Fe,Ni,Cu,Zn和Pb等6种重金属元素。各元素标准曲线的相关性r>0.992,方法检出限为5.8~18.6 μg·L-1,精确度基本控制在15% RSD以内。方法应用于我国东北某矿区周边采集的20余个地表/下水样品的现场分析,检测结果与实验室ICP-MS结果进行了对比：两种方法的Pb,Ni和Cu一致性良好;Zn和Mn含量高的样品,ICP-MS结果高于现场XRF结果,可能因溶液中存在细微悬浮颗粒引起,但总体趋势一致;两种方法对水质类型的总体判断结果一致。本法使用的富集和测量装置体积小、重量轻、便于携带,不使用外接电源,可在12 h内现场完成10个水体样品的采集、前处理操作、结果获取及数据处理等工作,避免实验室分析方法检测工作中存在的交通运输、测试周期长、测试成本高等问题,基本具备了在偏远地区现场分析水体中六种重金属元素、评定水质的能力,具有较好的推广应用前景。     

基于光纤光栅绝对测量技术的高耐久智能钢拉杆

针对目前钢拉杆构件缺少施工荷载下的内力测试和服役期间的长期监测手段问题,采用玻璃钢封装技术研制开发出一种新型的基于光纤光栅绝对测量传感技术的高耐久性智能钢拉杆。在理论屈服荷载85%的拉伸荷载下,智能钢拉杆感知的应变具有很好的线性度和重复性,由其得到的测试杆力与实验张拉力吻合良好,误差在4%以内。该智能钢拉杆具有抗电磁干扰、传感距离长、成本低、耐腐蚀、绝对测量等优点,既可以方便给出任何阶段的受力状态,也可以作为一个大应变式荷载传感器对其相邻的结构进行荷载监测,适合用于恶劣服役环境下的钢拉杆工程结构。     

二维双曲守恒律的大时间步长Godunov方法(英文)

考虑了关于二维守恒律的大时间步长Godunov方法.该方法是关于一维问题的自然推广.证明了文中给出的数值流函数下,该方法是守恒的.进一步还给出了近似Riemann解应满足的条件,并且证明了利用满足这些条件的近似Riemann解的大时间步长Godunov方法守恒.最后,补充证明了满足这些条件的近似Riemann解是满足熵条件的.     

DP980与DP780双相钢帽型梁轴向冲击实验对比

作为汽车及航空工业中主要承载和碰撞吸能部件,帽型薄壁梁可通过自身结构塑性变形实现被动吸能。因此,研究帽型薄壁梁结构在冲击载荷作用下的变形模式和吸能特性对其被动安全设计具有重要的意义。分别对DP980和DP780双相钢帽型薄壁梁结构开展了落锤轴向冲击实验,并对其变形位移、峰值载荷、变形模态和能量吸收能力进行分析。研究结果表明:无论是DP980还是DP780帽型梁试件,在受到冲击载荷作用时,均从试件上部发生塑性屈曲变形并形成褶皱,其下部则无明显变形;DP980帽型梁冲击变形更小,残余高度更高,宜作为抗冲击变形防护结构;DP780帽型梁最终屈曲变形产生褶皱更多,冲击载荷作用时间增加,峰值载荷更低,宜作为抗冲击载荷防护结构。综合考虑吸能效果, DP980帽型梁的能量吸收能力与DP780帽型梁相近,研究结果为冲击防护结构的选材提供依据。     

基于三吡啶烯烃配体的一维配位聚合物:合成、结构及光电性质

在室温下,用三吡啶烯烃配体dipyridin-2-yl-(4-(2-pyridin-4-yl-vinyl)-phenyl)-amine(ppvppa)与银盐溶液反应,分别得到3个具有类似的一维链结构的配位聚合物{[Ag(ppvppa)]BF4}n(1)、{[Ag(ppvppa)]PF6}n(2)和{[Ag(ppvppa)]NO3}n(3)。在溶剂热条件下,用ppvppa与Ni(Ⅱ)反应,得到另一个以辅助羧酸配体桥联的一维配位聚合物{[Ni(ppvppa)(2,3-NDC)(H2O)]·2H2O}n(4)。对配合物1～4分别进行了元素分析、红外、热重、粉末X射线衍射、单晶X射线衍射等结构表征。配合物1～3呈现出由ppvppa连接Ag(Ⅰ)形成的阳离子一维双股链结构。配合物4呈现出由2,3-NDC配体桥联2个相邻的[Ni2(ppvppa)2(H2O)2]单元形成的中性一维双股链结构。含有Ag(Ⅰ)的配合物1～3表现出良好的荧光性质,而含Ni(Ⅱ)的配合物4没有荧光响应。选取配合物1和4作为代表,研究了它们的光电流响应性质。配合物1和4均表现出灵敏的阳极光电流响应,且在多次循环后仍保持稳定且可重复,其光电流值分别为2和6μA,明显强于空白ITO电极的光电流响应。     

Interfaces of high-efficiency kesterite Cu_2ZnSnS(e)_4 thin film solar cells

Cu_2ZnSnS(e)_4(CZTS(e)) solar cells have attracted much attention due to the elemental abundance and the nontoxicity.However,the record efficiency of 12.6% for Cu_2ZnSn(S,Se)_4(CZTSSe)solar cells is much lower than that of Cu(In,Ga)Se_2(CIGS)solar cells.One crucial reason is the recombination at interfaces.In recent years,large amount investigations have been done to analyze the interfacial problems and improve the interfacial properties via a variety of methods.This paper gives a review of progresses on interfaces of CZTS(e)solar cells,including:(i)the band alignment optimization at buffer/CZTS(e)interface,(ii)tailoring the thickness of MoS(e)_2 interfacial layers between CZTS(e)absorber and Mo back contact,(iii)the passivation of rear interface,(iv)the passivation of front interface,and(v)the etching of secondary phases.     

Room-temperature strong coupling between dipolar plasmon resonance in single gold nanorod and two-dimensional excitons in monolayer WSe_2

All-solid-state strong coupling systems with large vacuum Rabi splitting energy have great potential applications in future quantum information technologies, such as quantum manipulations, quantum information storage and processing,and ultrafast optical switches. Monolayer transition metal dichalcogenides(TMDs) have recently been explored as excellent candidates for the observation of solid-state strong coupling phenomena. In this work, from both experimental and theoretical aspects, we explored the strong coupling effect by integrating an individual plasmonic gold nanorod into the monolayer tungsten diselenide(WSe_2). Evident anti-crossing behavior was observed from the coupled energy diagram at room temperature; a Rabi splitting energy of 98 meV was extracted.     

Recent progress on magnetic-field studies on quantum-spin-liquid candidates

Quantum spin liquids(QSLs) represent a novel state of matter in which quantum fluctuations prevent the conventional magnetic order from being established, and the spins remain disordered even at zero temperature. There have been many theoretical developments proposing various QSL states. On the other hand, experimental movement was relatively slow largely due to limitations on the candidate materials and difficulties in the measurements. In recent years, the experimental progress has been accelerated. In this topical review, we give a brief summary of experiments on the QSL candidates under magnetic fields. We arrange our discussions by two categories: i) Geometrically-frustrated systems, including triangularlattice compounds YbMgGaO_4 and YbZnGaO_4, κ-(BEDT-TTF)_2 Cu_2(CN)_3, and EtMe_3 Sb[Pd(dmit)_2]_2, and the kagom′e system ZnCu_3(OH)_6 Cl_2; ii) the Kitaev material α-RuCl_3. Among these, we will pay special attention to α-RuCl_3, which has been intensively studied by ours and other groups recently. We will present evidence that both supports and rejects the QSL ground state for these materials, based on which we give several perspectives to stimulate further research activities.