2-氨基-5-巯基-[1,3,4]三氮唑自组装膜电极对尿酸的电催化氧化及其分析应用

利用新合成的试剂2-氨基-5-巯基-[1,3,4]三氮唑在金电极上进行了自组装,对自组装电极进行了电化学和扫描电镜表征,研究了尿酸在该电极上的电化学行为。结果表明,尿酸在该电极上可被电催化氧化,方波伏安氧化峰电流与尿酸浓度在4.0×10-6～1.0×10-3mol/L范围内成分段线性关系,检出限为8.0×10-7mol/L。该电极能有效消除基体干扰,可用于对尿液样品中尿酸测定。     

近红外光谱法测定红烟硝酸中的水

建立近红外光谱法测定红烟硝酸中的水含量。以H2O/CH3CN溶液为标准溶液,以对应浓度的CH2Cl2/CH3CN溶液为参比溶液,通过二次多项式拟合得到红烟硝酸含水量与其在1 408 nm附近吸光度的标准曲线。标准曲线方程为y=–28.573x~2+10.307x–0.0002,相关系数为0.9997,重复性测定结果的相对标准偏差为0.30%～0.65%,样品加标回收率大于90%,测试结果与标准规定的电位法基本一致,且在安全性、经济性、简便性等方面优于电位法。该法操作简便,实用性强,测定结果重复性好、准确度高,适用于红烟硝酸中水分含量的测定。     

双核锡配合物[Sn2Cl6(μ-OH)2(DMF)2]·4DMF的合成和晶体结构

A binuclear tin complex [Sn_2Cl_6(μ-OH)_2(DMF)_2]·4DMF has been synthesized through direct reaction of SnCl_4·5H_2O with DMF. Its molecular and crystal structure has been determined by single X-ray diffraction technique. The crystal is triclinic with space group P1. The unit cell parameters are a=0.9153(2), b=1.0722(3), c=1.2192(3) nm, α=63.07(2), β=93.26(2), γ=65.75 (2), V=0.92821(36) nm, D_c=1.649 g·cm~(-3), Z=1, The tin atom in the complex takes six-coordinated distorted octahedral configuration with sp~3 d~2 hybrid. The two tin atoms are connected through hydroxyl bridge to form a plane at the molecular center. The four noncoordinated DMF molecules distribute symmetrically around the dimer. The whole complex has an inversion center which coincides with the gravity center of the parallelogram.     

煤热解挥发物对炼焦煤塑性体渗透性的调控研究

本研究以低挥发分烟煤C1和高挥发分烟煤C2为研究对象（以下煤样简称为C1和C2）,引入褐煤L1和C2在两个温度下热解脱除部分挥发物的半焦作为对照,设计单种煤、混合煤/半焦和分层渗透性实验,结合热重和基式流动度分析,揭示了炼焦煤塑性体渗透性受挥发物释放行为的影响。研究结果表明,低挥发分烟煤C1存在塑性体低渗透性平台期,高挥发分烟煤C2塑性体的渗透性达到最低值后迅速改善,挥发物传质驱动力和阻力的差异导致了两种煤塑性体渗透性的差异;C2会增强挥发物的传质驱动力且热解后半焦颗粒成为塑性体惰性组分,同时也提供部分可转移氢,既改善塑性体渗透性又不破坏其稳定性;软化温度前C2释放的富氢挥发物促进C1塑性体低渗透性的形成并达到最大值;热塑性温区内C2释放的挥发物帮助维持C1塑性体的低渗透性平台期;延长C2挥发物反应消耗部分富氢挥发物,有利于改善C1塑性体的渗透性。     

医用重离子回旋加速器径向探针系统（英文）

武威和兰州重离子加速器使用回旋加速器作为其注入器。回旋加速器为该装置的同步加速器提供10μA的碳离子束流以满足其物理需求。而径向探针则是安装在回旋加速器内部实现束流流强和圈图测量的重要束诊元件。径向靶头上的束流信息经前端电子学拾取后会进一步进入数据采集系统,最终实现回旋加速器的束流流强和圈图测试。其中,径向探针的前端电子学采用皮安表,数据采集系统基于实时操作系统和FPGA技术。介绍了径向探针的机械结构设计,并分析了探头有无水冷结构的热结构;描述了控制系统软硬件架构,可以实现10 kHz的数据和位置信息的同步采集。最后,还介绍了探针机械和控制系统的实验室测试和验收标准以及在束测量结果。     

学程重构：指向发展初中生数学高阶思维的实践研究——以“函数”单元教学起始课为例

<正>史宁中教授认为,数学教育的关键在于发展思维,尤其是高层次的思维,培养用数学的思维思考世界的素养.高阶思维不是教师“教”出来的,而是学生自己“学”出来的.只有把“灌输”“填鸭”式的教学转化为学生自己的“学”,通过自我建构,深度学习才会发生,高阶思维才能形成.以课堂教学为主线,以学生的学习过程为核心,注重学习建构理论的精炼,建立一个完整的单元式教学架构,并探索如何让学生学会学习、学会思考,让学生用联系的观点去理解知识,     

Effect of a static pedestrian as an exit obstacle on evacuation

Building exit as a bottleneck structure is the last and the most congested stage in building evacuation. It is well known that obstacles at the exit affect the evacuation process, but few researchers pay attention to the effect of stationary pedestrians (the elderly with slow speed, the injured, and the static evacuation guide) as obstacles at the exit on the evacuation process. This paper explores the influence of the presence of a stationary pedestrian as an obstacle at the exit on the evacuation from experiments and simulations. We use a software, Pathfinder, based on the agent-based model to study the effect of ratios of exit width ($D$) to distance ($d$) between the static pedestrian and the exit, the asymmetric structure by shifting the static pedestrian upward, and types of obstacles on evacuation. Results show that the evacuation time of scenes with a static pedestrian is longer than that of scenes with an obstacle due to the unexpected hindering effect of the static pedestrian. Different ratios of $D/d$ have different effects on evacuation efficiency. Among the five $D/d$ ratios in this paper, the evacuation efficiency is the largest when $d$ is equal to $0.75D$, and the existence of the static pedestrian has a positive impact on evacuation in this condition. The influence of the asymmetric structure of the static pedestrian on evacuation efficiency is affected by $D/d$. This study can provide a theoretical basis for crowd management and evacuation plan near the exit of complex buildings and facilities.     

苯并咪唑类化合物的合成研究进展

苯并咪唑类化合物应用广泛. 按不同的合成原料和合成方法进行分类, 综述了近年来苯并咪唑类化合物合成研究的新进展.     

N,N′-二[3-氯-5S-(l-孟氧基)-2(5H)-4-呋喃酮基]-1,4-丁二胺的合成及晶体结构(英文)

合成了N,N′-二[3-氯-5S-(l-孟氧基)-2(5H)-4-呋喃酮基]-1,4-丁二胺,并通过IR,1H NMR,MS和X射线单晶衍射对其进行了表征.X射线单晶衍射结果表明:标题化合物的不对称结构单元中包含一个平面的呋喃酮环和一个椅式的环己烷环,四个手性中心.标题化合物通过N—H…O分子间氢键作用实现空间堆积.     

温控两相酸性聚合型离子液体催化胺醛缩合反应

为降低催化剂流失率,以聚乙二醇为主链、双键取代咪唑型离子液体为交联剂,采用自由基聚合方式设计合成出酸性聚合型离子液体。该离子液体可与甲苯形成优良的温控两相体系,并用于苯胺和苯甲醛的缩合反应。结果表明,聚合离子液体具有催化活性高、流失量小、回收方便的优点。产物N-亚苄基苯胺收率93.4%,离子液体平均单次流失率约2.5%。底物拓展试验表明,该温控体系对含不同取代基的芳胺和芳醛缩合反应具有良好的普适性,产物收率57.2%~82.9%。