数学建模教学团队建设的实践探索

在校数学建模的教学和培训中,就如何充分发挥教学团队的核心作用和主导作用,打造一支有凝聚力,战斗力,创造力,生命力的数学建模教学团队进行了实践探索.     

Field-induced insulator-metal-insulator transitions in low-energy H2- ion-irradiated epitaxial La2/3Cal/3MnO3 thin films

Epitaxial La2/3Cal/3MnO3 thin films grown on LaA103 （001） substrates were irradiated with low-energy 120-keV H＋ ions over doses ranging from 1012 ions/cm2 to 1017 ions/cm2. The irradiation suppresses the intrinsic insulator-metal （I-M） transition temperature and increases the resistance by reducing the crystallographic symmetry of the films. No irradiation-induced columnar defects were observed in any of the samples. The specific film irradiated at a critical dose around 8 x 1015 ions/cm2 is in a threshold state of the electric insulator where the I-M transition is absent. In an external field of 4 T or higher, the I-M transition is restored and thus an enormous magnetoresistance is observed, while a negative temperature coefficient resumes as the temperature is reduced further. Magnetic relaxation behavior is confirmed in this and other heavily irradiated samples. The results are interpreted in terms of the displacement of oxygen atoms provoked by ion irradiation and the resulting magnetic glassy state, which can be driven into a phase coexistence of metallic ferromagnetic droplets and the insulating glass matrix in a magnetic field.     

Stationary Fluid Dynamic Behaviour of V-Shaped Diffuser/Nozzle Elements for Valveless Micropump

A novel type of V-shaped （isosceles triangle cross-section） diffuser/nozzle element is proposed for use for valveless micropump. Stationary fluid dynamic behaviour of V-shaped diffuser/nozzle elements in a valveless micropump is investigated by experiment and simulation. Both the results agree well with each other when the Reynolds number is higher than 100 and the pressure loss coefficient ratio of micropump nearly always keeps a constant. For a single V-shaped diffuser, the general trends of variation of pressure loss coefficient with opening angle and Reynolds number are opposite in small and large angles. Compared with conical and flat-wall diffusers, V-shaped diffuser shows the smallest pressure loss when the Reynolds number is 200.     

环境载荷下漂浮软管的疲劳寿命分析

海上漂浮软管是浮式生产储卸油装置上外输系统的关键设备.漂浮软管结构复杂且常年漂浮于海面上,极易受到风、浪、流等环境载荷的作用产生疲劳破坏而造成原油泄漏.首先,采用ABAQUS软件,建立了软管的有限元模型,得到了漂浮软管在弯矩和内压作用下的有限元结果;其次,采用水平方向的Morison方程和风载荷来描述漂浮软管在海面上复杂的载荷情况;再次,将静力学分析结果导入到FE-Safe疲劳分析软件中,将节点应力结果作为时间载荷历程,乘以相应的载荷倍数,得到疲劳分析的载荷谱,载入此载荷谱计算,得到了漂浮软管的寿命分布云图,其最小寿命满足工程要求;最后,分析了内压对疲劳寿命的影响,结果表明,一定大小的内压能提高软管的疲劳性能.     

严格双对角占优矩阵行列式的上下界估计

严格双对角占优矩阵的行列式计算是数值代数中的热点问题. 本文首先将严格双对角占优矩阵右乘一个正对角矩阵, 使其化为严格对角占优矩阵, 其次对严格对角占优矩阵行列式的上下界进行估计, 从而得到严格双对角占优矩阵行列式的上下界估计. 最后通过数值算例表明所得估计是有效的.     

分散固相萃取-气相色谱-质谱法测定干紫菜中16种多环芳烃北大核心CSCD

取干紫菜样品2.00g置于50mL离心管中,加入1.00mg·L-1内标混合溶液100μL,加入4mL水浸润。再加入10mL正己烷均质20s,加入4.0g无水硫酸镁、1.0g氯化钠,涡旋混匀2min,离心,向1mL上清液中加入100mg N-丙基乙二胺(PSA)和100mg无水硫酸镁,涡旋混匀1min,离心。取上清液采用气相色谱-质谱法测定其中16种多环芳烃(PAHs)的含量。16种PAHs的质量浓度在一定范围内与其峰面积与内标峰面积的比值呈线性关系,检出限(3S/N)为0.57～3.8μg·kg-1。按标准加入法进行回收试验,回收率为78.3%～109%,测定值的相对标准偏差(n=6)为1.2%～14%。     

聚表剂驱模拟采出液油水界面性能研究

通过考察聚表剂对大庆油田聚表剂驱模拟采出液油水界面张力、油水界面扩散双电层zeta电位、界面粘弹性以及界面膜强度的影响,研究聚表剂对聚表剂驱模拟采出液油水界面性能的影响规律。结果表明:具有表面活性剂和聚合物双重性能的聚表剂利用其两亲性质在油水界面吸附,形成稳定的界面膜,使油水界面张力降低,界面膜强度增加;且随聚表剂浓度增加,油水界面张力降低,界面膜强度增加。在所研究的四种聚表剂类型中,海博Ⅲ(O/W)型聚表剂改善油水界面性能的效果较为突出。     

某型火控雷达维修训练模拟器设计与应用

为了提高教学效果,减少实装损耗,加强新装备保障能力,研制某型火控雷达维修训练模拟器;该模拟器以网络化主控计算机单元为核心,由实装操作分系统、虚拟装备分系统、实装部组件分系统、动感分系统、联动分系统组成,具有操作训练、维修训练、武器系统联动训练及训练评估等功能,解决了新型雷达装备教学与训练中实装损耗大、装备数量少、训练效率低等问题;该模拟器已用于多个雷达专业的操作、维修、综合演练等教学实践中,与以往的训练设备相比可操作性好,应用范围广,教学效果明显;文中介绍了模拟器的功能结构、硬件设计、软件设计及其应用。     

宽视场高分辨率闭路监控系统监控镜头设计

为了满足新形势下闭路监控系统（CCTV）对拍摄视场和高清分辨率的要求,设计了一款复杂化的反摄远型全球面结构的CCTV镜头。该镜头的全视场为80,F#为3,焦距为5 mm,光谱范围为486 nm~656 nm。采用像元尺寸为7.5 m7.5 m,1.27 cm(1/2英寸)的CCD成像。该镜头在奈奎斯特频率67 lp/mm处,全视场MTF接近0.65;在1/2奈奎斯特频率处调制传递函数（MTF）大于0.85;在220 lp/mm处,全视场MTF大于0.3,已经接近衍射极限。镜头像面波前PV值为0.077 9,RMS为0.015 9,达到了瑞利判据的要求。设计评价结果表明,该镜头像差校正满足CCTV监控镜头的成像质量要求。