基于纳米材料自组装的传感器在生化分析中的应用研究进展

纳米材料可以通过自组装技术可控地形成具有不同空间结构的材料,该技术使其及其自组装体在多种生化物质（如蛋白质、多肽、DNA等）和金属离子的超灵敏检测中具有重要应用。本文对基于半导体量子点、贵金属纳米材料和碳基纳米材料自组装体系的传感器在生化分析中的应用进行了总结。     

两个物块所受的摩擦力如何变化

剖析在自主招生和竞赛中经常会遇到的一道典型习题, 发现其原参考答案解释的有些牵强, 而很多人 对这个模型似乎都理解的不够深刻, 鉴于此, 笔者深入探究了这一问题, 揭开这种运动情境所隐含的玄机, 希望能 对广大同仁有所帮助     

泡沫铝子弹高速撞击下铝基复合泡沫夹层板的动态响应

应用一级轻气炮驱动泡沫铝弹丸高速撞击加载技术,对实心钢板以及前/后面板为Q235钢板、芯层分别为铝基复合泡沫和普通泡沫铝的夹层板结构,在脉冲载荷作用下的动态力学响应进行实验研究。结果表明:泡沫铝子弹高速撞击靶板可近似模拟爆炸载荷效果;铝基复合泡沫夹层板的变形分为芯层压缩和整体变形两个阶段;与其他靶板相比,铝基复合泡沫夹层板的抗冲击性能最优。基于实验研究,应用LS-DYNA非线性动力有限元软件,对泡沫铝夹层板的动态响应进行数值模拟。结果表明:泡沫铝子弹的长度和初始速度对子弹与夹层板之间的接触作用力影响显著,并且呈线性关系。泡沫芯层强度对等质量及等厚度夹层板的抗冲击性能均有显著影响,夹层板中心挠度对前、后面板的厚度匹配较为敏感,在临界范围内,若背板厚度大于面板厚度,可减小夹层板的最终挠度。夹层板面板宜采用刚度较低、延性好、拉伸破坏应变较大的金属材料。     

不同含能取代基和桥基对碳桥联四唑-2-氮氧化物的性能影响密度泛函理论研究

Based on the parent tetrazole 2N-oxide, six series of novel carbon-linked ditetrazole 2N-oxides with different energetic substituent groups (-NH₂, -N₃, -NO₂, NF₂, -NHNO₂) and energetic bridge groups (-CH₂-, -CH₂-CH₂-, -NH-, -N=N-, -NH-NH-) were designed. The overall performance and the effects of different energetic substituent groups and energetic bridge groups on the performance were investigated by density functional theory and electrostatic potential methods. The results showed that most of designed compounds have oxygen balance around zero, high heats of formation, high density, high energy, and acceptable sensitivity, indicating that tetrazole N-oxide is a useful parent energetic compound employed for obtaining high energy compounds, even only combined with some very common energetic substituent groups and bridge groups. Comprehensively considering the effects on energy and sensitivity, the -NO₂, -NF₂, -NH-and -NH-NH-are appropriate substituent groups for combining tetrozale N-oxide to design new energetic compounds, while -NH₂, -N₃, -CH₂-CH₂-, and -N=N-are inappropriate.     

Ni与Co掺杂Fe2O3（0001）表面增强析氧反应活性

Fe based oxides are considered as a promising catalyst for the oxygen evolution reaction (OER) due to their low cost and high stability. Here, based on density functional theory calculations, the electrocatalytic behaviors of pure and metal (Ni, Co) doped Fe-terminated Fe₂O₃(0001) are investigated. The potential-limiting step for OER is determined as the formation of O^* by dehydrogenating surface hydroxyl and it is suggested that the doping enhances the catalytic activity of Fe₂O₃(0001) by reducing the free energy change of rate limiting step on doped Ni or Co atom. Especially, the calculated over-potential of Co-doped Fe₂O₃ (0001) surface is about 0.63 eV on Co site, which is comparable with the theoretical over-potential of 0.56 eV for RuO₂.     

对硝基苯乙醚的真空紫外光电离与光离解研究

以同步辐射为光源,用光电离质谱和符合技术对对硝基苯乙醚分子进行了真空紫外光电离与光离解研究。测得了这一分子的电离势及C6H5NO+3、C6H5O+2、C6H5O+等六个主要碎片离子的出现势,根据实验所得的质谱图、能量关系,结合该分子的具体结构,初步分析了该分子同步辐射光离解电离的可能通道,并得到了分子离子的键离解能D0(O2NC6H4C2H+5)。     

大口径方光束片状放大器小信号增益实验研究

 介绍了一台24cm×24cm的大口径钕玻璃片状放大器,并且在不同充电电压下进行了实验测试。在充电电压为22kV、泵浦能密度为14.62J/cm ³的条件下,获得了4.9%cm ^-1的小信号增益系数和2.43%的储能效率。     

沙尘粒子对轮-铲摩擦学系统的侵入机制分析

以自动取款机的轮-铲摩擦学系统为研究对象,建立了无黏着刚性接触条件下理想球形粒子侵入轮-铲摩擦学系统的静力学计算模型;分析了单个粒子在完整侵入过程中所受的侵入力及其临界侵入条件和侵入运动方式;进一步探讨了粒子在黏着摩擦作用下的侵入条件.结果表明:在无黏着刚性接触条件下,粒子侵入与否仅取决于初始侵入位置;在不同界面条件下,不同粒径粒子的侵入以滚滑运动为主,纯滚动只发生在临界侵入曲线所确定的运动轨迹上;在黏着摩擦作用下,粒子的侵入由表征摩擦副材料和粒子的粒径2个组合特征因子共同决定.     

以TiCl4为共引发剂的阳离子聚合体系的络合竞争

通过聚合物的GPC谱图分析以及紫外光谱测试证明了以TiCl₄为共引发剂的阳离子聚合体系中微量水与引发剂和TiCl₄之间存在着络合竞争,提出了抑制水对阳离子聚合影响的方法.     

A Three-dimensional Organic-inorganic Hybrid Material Supported by Decavanadate Clusters and Na-O Chains:Synthesis and Crystal Structure of [Na6(H2O)16(dod)4V10O28]

1INTRODUCTIONBesidesstructuralaesthetics,polyoxometalateshavefoundapplicationsincatalysis,biochemistry,medicine,electronandprotonstorage,surfacesciencesandsolid-statedevices[1～10].Thosepolyoxo-metalateclusterscanbeviewedasfragmentsofex-tendedoxidestructu…