ONSET CONDITION OF STRAIN LOCALIZATION IN MATRIX OF SATURATED POROUS MEDIA

Introduction Strainlocalizationofgeomaterialsisoneofmostpopularfailuretypesinnature,which canbeshowedaslandslidesandmudflowsinmountainousareasunderincessantorheavy raining,especiallythevegetationisseverelydamagedbywoodsharvest;pipingeffect,a typeoflocalfa…     

一边简支二角点支承的矩形板弯曲

在分析求解条件完备性的基础上将矩形板的弯曲划分为广义静定问题和广义超静定问题，分别采用直接求解和叠加法解决了一边简支一角点支承和一边简支二角点支承的矩形板在板面分布荷载、板边分布荷载、角点集中力作用下以及角点支承产生支座沉陷时的弯曲。计算表明这种解法收敛快，计算精度高，适用范围广     

串联电导及紫外检测器-离子色谱法测定土壤中6种有机酸根和无机阴离子

应用离子色谱法测定土壤样品中正丁酸根、草酸根、溴离子、碘离子、氯离子及硫酸根等6种有机酸根和无机阴离子的含量。样品(10.00g)用50mmol·L-1氢氧化钠溶液50mL超声提取60min,离心分离。取上清液,经0.22μm滤膜过滤和OnGuardⅡP柱净化。流出液稀释5倍后通过IonPac AG18柱分离,用不同浓度的氢氧化钾溶液进行梯度淋洗,用串联的电导检测器和紫外检测器(236nm)进行检测。前者用于除碘离子外的5种阴离子的测定,后者用于碘离子的测定。上述6种阴离子的峰面积分别在一定范围与其质量浓度呈线性关系,其检出限(3S/N)在0.013~0.095μg·g-1之间。加标回收率在92.0%~112%之间,测定值的相对标准偏差(n=6)在1.2%~7.2%之间。     

1200℃以下测定固体和液体的小平板热导仪的研究

测定非金属物质导热系数(λ)的方法中,以精度高、样品易制备的平板稳态绝对法应用最广,已被许多国家定为标准测试方法.但是,一般平板热导仪的试验温度较低(1000℃以下)、样品较大(φ≥10cm).为此,我们继研制900℃中平板热导仪后,又对该方法作了进一步研究和改进,研制了试验温度(试样平均温度)为1200℃,试样φ为     

A nonenzyme glucose sensor based on Cu/Ni/CMWCNTs nanocompositesEI北大核心CSCD

Copper-nickel bimetallic nanoparticles decorated on carboxylated multi-walled carbon nanotubes （Cu/Ni/CMWCNTs）were prepared by using a simple one-pot solvothermal method,which was then employed to construct a highly sensitive non-enzymatic glucose sensor. The modified electrode showed high sensitivity and stability in glucose detection,which was mainly attributed to the synergistic effect of the compact copper-nickel nanocomposite and carboxylated multi-walled carbon nanotubes that possessing high specific surface area to increase the number of active sites and to improve the electrocatalytic activity of the modified electrode. The phase structure and morphology of the material were characterized by X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscope; the electrochemical performance of the sensor was studied by cyclic voltammetry and chronoamperometry. The sensor had a sensitivity of 1949.1 μµA·L/（mmol·cm2）for glucose detection in the linear range of 1.0-8000 μµmol/L at a potential of 0.55 V,and the detection limit was 0.2 μµmol/L. The sensor was also applied to measure the concentration of glucose in serum samples. The developed nanocomposites sensor has the potential prospect to monitor blood glucose. © 2023, Youke Publishing Co.,Ltd. All rights reserved.     

最优步长因子法在桁架结构尺寸优化方面的应用

针对桁架结构尺寸优化的特性,依据原约束优化问题的对偶函数关于KKT乘子的一阶偏导数确定乘子的寻优方向;依据对偶函数的极值必要条件和约束优化问题的KKT条件,推导乘子迭代的最优步长因子;依据广义Lagrange函数关于各杆横截面积一阶偏导数应为零的极值必要条件,推导出求解该非线性方程组的优化迭代求解式及其步长因子;通过2种不同约束条件的10杆桁架结构尺寸优化算例验证了本文方法可自动确定各迭代求解式中的步长因子;与已有文献采用序列二次规划法的算例相比,本文方法无需采用一维搜索法寻找步长因子,可大幅度减少计算时间。     

Reduced finite difference scheme and error estimates based on POD method for non-stationary Stokes equation

The proper orthogonal decomposition (POD) is a model reduction technique for the simulation of physical processes governed by partial differential equations (e.g.,fluid flows). It has been successfully used in the reduced-order modeling of complex systems. In this paper, the applications of the POD method are extended, i.e., the POD method is applied to a classical finite difference (FD) scheme for the non-stationary Stokes equation with a real practical applied background. A reduced FD scheme is established with lower dimensions and sufficiently high accuracy, and the error estimates are provided between the reduced and the classical FD solutions. Some numerical examples illustrate that the numerical results are consistent with theoretical conclusions. Moreover, it is shown that the reduced FD scheme based on the POD method is feasible and efficient in solving the FD scheme for the non-stationary Stokes equation.     

高效阴离子交换-脉冲安培法测定化妆品中葡萄糖酸锌含量

建立了高效阴离子交换-脉冲安培法测定化妆品中葡萄糖酸锌的含量.样品用水超声提取后,离心取上清液过On Guard Ⅱ RP柱除去疏水性化合物,再经CarboPac PA1和CarboPacPA20保护柱分离,脉冲安培检测,葡萄糖酸锌在0.1～5.0mg/L范围内线性关系良好(r2=0.9999),加标回收率在98.9～107.7％之间,方法检出限为0.042mg/L,对应样品中检出限为4.2mg/kg,方法简单,灵敏度高.     

PVC敏感膜离子识别作用的傅立叶变换——衰减全反射红外光谱研究

为了观察PVC敏感膜各成分在对离子识别时发生的变化,应用傅立叶变换-衰减全反射红外光谱研究了含有二苯并24冠8的PVC敏感膜对多种离子的识别作用。傅立叶变换-衰减全反射红外光谱显示,在PVC敏感膜与浓度为0.1mol/L的CdSO4、ZnSO4、Pb(NO3)2、Na2SO4、KCl、NaCl溶液分别反应后,归属于二苯并24冠8的吸收峰,峰高明显增高,其他一些吸收峰也有增高;而PVC敏感膜与浓度为0.1mol/L的Li2SO4、MgCl2分别反应后,PVC敏感膜各吸收峰无显著变化。还讨论了影响识别作用的一些因素,如反应时间、阴离子的作用、敏感膜发生识别作用的位置。结果表明:含有二苯并24冠8的PVC敏感膜对不同离子有选择识别的作用,可选择识别Cd2+、Zn2+、Pb2+、K+、Na+,不能识别Li+、Mg2,PVC敏感膜中的中性离子载体二苯并24冠8对离子的识别起主要作用,四(4—氯苯)硼钾也参与了识别作用。     

不同冻结对大黄鱼冻藏期间品质的影响

为研究冻结速率对大黄鱼冻藏期间品质的影响, 采用冰箱慢速冻结、酒精浸渍速冻、液氮浸渍速冻方法处理新鲜大黄鱼, 以pH值、汁液损失率、TVB-N值、盐溶性蛋白提取率、质构等指标研究鱼肉冻藏过程中的理化特性变化, 并通过扫描电镜研究其组织微结构的变化. 结果显示, 随着冻藏时间的延长, 慢冻组和酒精速冻组样品pH值先下降后上升, 液氮速冻组样品的pH值趋于平缓; 3组样品TVB-N值均逐渐上升, 但液氮速冻组的TVB-N值较小, 且上升速率最缓慢, 冻藏210d时, 慢冻组、酒精速冻组、液氮速冻组的TVB-N值分别达到27.79, 25.024, 21.57 mg?dg-1; 盐溶性蛋白提取率和硬度、弹性、胶黏性、凝聚性、回复性降低, 液氮速冻组的值下降程度较小; 扫描电镜观察发现贮藏过程中大黄鱼的肌肉纤维损伤程度逐渐增大, 而液氮浸渍速冻对大黄鱼肌肉纤维的损伤最小. 与慢速冻结样品相比, 虽然速冻组样品(液氮速冻组、酒精速冻组)有较大的汁液损失率, 但其更有利于延缓大黄鱼蛋白质变性和降解, 保持样品质构特性, 且液氮浸渍速冻优于酒精浸渍速冻. 本研究可为进一步改进水产品的速冻技术提供参考依据.