二体三能级系统在光子晶体中的提纯复苏

研究了在两上能级间驱动场的作用下,一个3×3纠缠系统在各向异性光子晶体中提纯特性随时间的演化.通过数值计算,我们发现虽然该系统有发生提纯猝死的可能,但在合适的条件下系统会在提纯猝死后出现提纯复苏的现象.束缚纠缠态(不能提纯的纠缠态)在系统中的持续时间由驱动场的拉比频率以及原子能级和光子晶体禁带带边的相对位置决定.     

半导体纳米颗粒电子的超快弛豫过程

为了研究在飞秒激光作用下半导体纳米颗粒的超快动力学过程,建立了一个带表面态的三能级结构的载流子弛豫简化模型,得出各能级的电子速率方程.利用数值模拟方法模拟出各能级电子密度和差分吸收率随时间的变化情况,得知由于吸收截面的变化,差分吸收谱会有一个超快的变化过程.并将模拟结果与FanxinWu等人的实验结果相比较,其曲线特征基本一致.说明该模型有一定的合理性.     

Imaging theory and resolution improvement of two-photon confocal microscopy

The nonlinear effect of two-photon excitation on the imaging property of two-photon confocal microscopy has been analyzed by the two-photon fluorescence intensity transfer function derived in this paper. The two-photon fluorescence intensity transfer function in a confocal microscopy is given. Furthermore the three-dimensional point spread function (3D-PSF) and the three-dimensional optical transfer function (3D-OTF) of two-photon confocal microscopy are derived based on the nonlinear effect of two-photon excitation. The imaging property of two-photon confocal microscopy is discussed in detail based on 3D-OTF. Finally the spatial resolution limit of two-photon confocal microscopy is discussed according to the uncertainty principle.     

Practical non-orthogonal decoy state quantum key distribution with heralded single photon source

Recently the performance of the quantum key distribution （QKD） is substantially improved by the decoy state method and the non-orthogonal encoding protocol, separately. In this paper, a practical non-orthogonal decoy state protocol with a heralded single photon source （HSPS） for QKD is presented. The protocol is based on 4 states with different intensities. i.e. one signal state and three decoy states. The signal state is for generating keys; the decoy states are for detecting the eavesdropping and estimating the fraction of single-photon and two-photon pulses. We have discussed three cases of this protocol, i.e. the general case, the optimal case and the special case. Moreover, the final key rate over transmission distance is simulated. For the low dark count of the HSPS and the utilization of the two-photon pulses, our protocol has a higher key rate and a longer transmission distance than any other decoy state protocol.     

Analysis of performance and optimum configuration of two-stage semiconductor thermoelectric module

In this paper, the theoretical analysis and simulating calculation were conducted for a basic two-stage semiconductor thermoelectric module, which contains one thermocouple in the second stage and several thermocouples in the first stage. The study focused on the configuration of the two-stage semiconductor thermoelectric cooler, especially investigating the influences of some parameters, such as the current I1 of the first stage, the area A1 of every thermocouple and the number n of thermocouples in the first stage, on the cooling performance of the module. The obtained results of analysis indicate that changing the current I1 of the first stage, the area A1 of thermocouples and the number n of thermocouples in the first stage can improve the cooling performance of the module. These results can be used to optimize the configuration of the two-stage semiconductor thermoelectric module and provide guides for the design and application of thermoelectric cooler.     

高稳定的差分相位编码量子密钥分发系统

在差分法基础上提出了一种改进的差分相位编码量子密钥分发(QKD)方案.Alice采用脉冲激光光源,通过两个串联光纤延迟环产生四个均匀的相干脉冲，并对脉冲进行差分调制，补偿了传输过程中环境对偏振的扰动.Bob采用双FM干涉仪,在窄脉冲门控模式下进行单光子探测.单程传输避免了木马攻击，增强了方案的安全性.实验结果表明，系统可以长期稳定运转(大于24h)，误码率为3％.改进的系统具有高效、稳定、低成本的优点，实施方便，有很好的实用价值. 关键词： 量子保密通信 量子密钥分发 差分相位编码     

光声光谱技术在测量光谱响应特性方面的应用

用光声光谱技术测量光电探测器的相对光谱响应特性,以高灵敏度的光声池(池内装有吸收系数约为1的碳黑)作为参考探测器,具有较好的波长无选择性。用碳黑监测光源功率,减少光源功率起伏误差。采用二次测量归一化方法避免了分束器的影响。实验测得了比较准确的相对光谱响应特性曲线,为研究光电探测器的特性提供了一种可行的方法。     

旋转双光楔折射特性与二维扫描轨迹的分析

 为实现旋转双光楔二维扫描的可控操作,利用几何光学和光的标量衍射理论,对双光楔的折光特性进行了数学分析。研究发现：绕固定轴以不同角速度旋转的双光楔可等效为一个折射棱角和主截面都变化的单光楔。以该双光楔系统作为衍射屏,对通过双光楔的光束在观察面的衍射光场分布作了理论分析,得到了夫琅和费衍射下,光束经转动双光楔在像平面上的衍射光斑随转角变化的规律：光斑的横坐标与两光楔转角正弦值的差成正比,纵坐标与两光楔转角余弦值的和成正比。     

结合高效BB84协议的差分密钥分发系统

提出一种新的相位编码方案,使用差分和高效BB84协议实现量子密钥分发.在保留差分编码优势的同时,此方案进一步增加系统的安全性.Alice端随机选择{0,π/2,π,3π/2}中的相位对信号脉冲进行调制,Bob端随机选择{0,π/2}中的相位对信号脉冲进行调制.为了提高成码率和简化系统,以η(η→1)的概率选取{0,π} 基对相位进行调制,此时系统运行差分编码,用于生成密钥;以(1－η)的概率选取{π/2,3π/2}基中的相位对脉冲信号进行调制.{π/2,3π/2}基的选用是为了增加系统维度和进行安全性评估,不用于生成密钥.设计相应的系统,利用微弱相干光脉冲在该新协议下进行编码,在接收端采用法拉第－迈克尔逊方式进行解码,在实验上实现了长期稳定的密钥分发,误码率＜5%,传输距离达85 km.     

Vacuum Rabi Oscillation of an Atom without Rotating-Wave Approximation

We have investigated vacuum Rabi oscillation of an atom coupled with single-mode cavity field exactly, and compared the results with that of the Jaynes-Cummings （J-C） model. The results show that for resonant ease, there is no Rabi oscillation for an atom. For small detuning and weak coupling case, the probability for the atom in excited state oscillates against time with different frequencies and amplitudes from that of the J-C model. It exhibits that the counter-rotating wave interaction could significantly effect the dynamic behaviour of the atom, even under the condition in which the RWA is considered to be justified.