Mitigation and prediction of disruption on the HL-2A Tokamak

Injection of high-Z impurities into plasma has been proved to be able to reduce the localized thermal load and mechanical forces on the in-vessel components and the vacuum vessel, caused by disruptions in Tokamaks. An advanced prediction and mitigation system of disruption is implemented in HL-2A to safely shut down plasmas by using the laser ablation of high-Z impurities with a perturbation real-time measuring and processing system. The injection is usually triggered by the amplitude and frequency of the MHD perturbation field which is detected with a Mirnov coil and leads to the onset of a mitigated disruption within a few milliseconds. It could be a simple and potential approach to significantly reducing the plasma thermal energy and magnetic energy before a disruption, thereby achieving safe plasma termination. The plasma response to impurity injection, a mechanism for improving plasma thermal and current quench in major disruptions, the design of the disruption prediction warner, and an evaluation of the mitigation success rate are discussed in the present paper.     

First Charge Exchange Recombination Spectroscopy Diagnostic in HL-2A Tokamak

Spatially resolved measurements of ion temperature are crucial for understanding plasma dynamics. A charge exchange recombination spectroscopy diagnostic system based on a heating neutral beam is installed on the HL- 2A tokamak. An optical collection system is designed in accordance with the actual geometry of HL-2A and the CVI 529.2nm （n = 8 → 7） charge-exchange recombination line. Preliminary measurements show that the CX signals have enough signal-to-noise ratio （SNR）. The ion temperature and its profiles are obtained through this svstem for the first time.     

产氚包层中聚变中子诊断系统的概念设计和计算

1 TBM中的中子通量和能谱 根据ITER等离子体可达到的运行参数和放电条件，用MCNP模拟计算D—D和D—T中子通量在中子产氚试验包层（NT-TBM）中随其小半径r的变化，如图1所示。     

A New Criterion for Disruption Prediction on HL-2A

A new criterion has been proposed to predict the major disruptions caused by tearing mode instabilities. According to the HL-2A experimental results, the statistical analyses are employed to investigate the relationships between MHD activities and the plasma disruptions. Two kinds of the tearing mode activities can finally cause the disruption on HL-2A operations. By introducing a new parameter, i.e. an integral of poloidal magnetic field over time, as the criterion of disruption precursor, almost all of the disruptions can be predicted.     

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在HL-2A 装置上优化和发展了偏滤器靶板上的红外测温系统,并利用该系统分析了高约束模放电期间边缘局域模的热沉积分布特性。在高约束模式放电期间,超声分子束注入使边缘局域模所引起的偏滤器靶板上瞬间热通量峰值下降了~60%,并伴随着边缘局域模爆发频率增加了2~3 倍,而等离子体储能仅下降了~8%。分析结果表明,大幅度的丝状结构在超声分子束注入之后得到了有效抑制,沉积到偏滤器靶板上的瞬间热通量峰值也随之下降。此外,在超声分子束注入之后偏滤器室内的热辐射损失大幅度增加,从而耗散了热输运所携带的部分能量,进一步分散了沉积到偏滤器靶板上的能量,有效地保护了偏滤器靶板。     

HL—1M装置托卡马克放电的进展

本文给出了ＨＬ－１Ｍ装置托卡马克放电的一些结果。在最初调试阶段，得到了ＩＰ＝３１０ｋＡ，ＶＬ≤１．２Ｖ，持续时间τＰ≥１０４０ｍｓ的等离子体。随着实验技术的改进，等离子体参数不断提高，等离子体存在时间成倍增长，密度极限也在提高。     

Investigation of impurity transport using supersonic molecular beam injected neon in HL-2A ECRH plasma

In this paper, we describe the behavior of impurity transport in the HL-2A electron cyclotron resonance heating （ECRH） L-mode plasma. The neon as a trace impurity is injected by the supersonic molecular beam injection （SMBI） technique, which is used for the first time to study the impurity transport in HL-2A. The progression of neon ions is monitored by the soft X-ray camera and bolometer arrays with good temporal and spatial resolutions. The convection and diffusion process of the neon ions are investigated with the one-dimensional impurity transport code STRAHL. The results show that the diffusion coefficient D of neon ions is a factor of four larger than the neoclassical value in the central region. The value of D is larger in the outer region of the plasma （ρ 〉 0.6） than in the central region of the plasma （ρ 〈 0.6）. The convective velocity directs inwards with a value of ～-1.0 m/s in the Ohmic discharge, but it reverses to direct outwards with a value of ～ 8.0 m/s in the outer region of the plasma when ECRH is applied. The result indicates that the impurity transport is strongly enhanced with ECRH.     

SAS系统在HL-2A能量约束数据分析中的应用

利用HL-2A装置实验数据,初步建立了面向ITERL DB2.0版本的能量约束数据库,采用了统计分析系统(SAS)对HL-2A约束数据进行了分析和评估,开展了能量约束时间对密度的定标律研究,并得到了初步结果。最后通过与ITER定标律和原ASDEX数据的比较,对HL-2A装置上L-模约束品质和欧姆加热条件下斯必泽电阻率对温度的依赖关系进行了讨论。     

HL-2M装置极向场线圈大截面铜导体的制造工艺研究

介绍了HL-2M装置极向场线圈所需的大截面外方内圆铜导体的规格,用二辊周期式轧管机进行冷轧的工艺技术以及所做的多项检测。用这个技术制造了具有冷却水孔道的大截面外方内圆铜管。测试结果表明,该工艺生产的外方内圆铜管在尺寸及各项性能上均满足HL-2M托卡马克装置极向场线圈的加工要求。