毛细管电泳法测定双氢青蒿素的含量

使用自行设计的毛细管电泳柱端安培检测系统,在乙醇为有机添加剂的条件测定了双氢青蒿素。研究了工作电极、缓冲溶液浓度及其pH、有机溶剂的选择及其含量、检测电位和分离高压对测定的影响。结果表明：选用Ag工作电极,检测电位为-O．6V,在20mmol／L硼砂,pH为9的运行介质的优化条件下,双氢青蒿素在4min左右出峰,在1～200mg/L范围内,峰高与浓度呈良好的线性关系,检出限为O．05mg/L。     

猪粪厌氧发酵的有机酸代谢与微生物群落相关性分析

有机酸代谢和微生物菌群结构稳定性是维持厌氧消化系统高效运行的关键。为研究该理化物质代谢与微生物群落变化之间的关系,本研究以猪粪发酵体系为例,设置3个搅拌梯度(0、 80和200 r/min),分别代表无搅拌、适度搅拌和过度搅拌条件,监测猪粪厌氧发酵过程中挥发性脂肪酸等理化性质的变化,再结合高通量测序技术,进一步分析微生物种群多样性变化。结果表明,发酵体系以厚壁菌门(Firmicutes)、拟杆菌门(Bacteroidetes)、变形菌门(Proteobacteria)和广古菌门(Euryarchaeota)为优势菌。适度搅拌可在一定程度上促进微生物分解有机质的效率,形成稳定高效的微生物群落,其中,总固体、挥发性固体和化学需氧量去除率分别达到79.15%、 63.63%和87.89%。有机质分解代谢产物以乙酸和丙酸为主,其浓度与拟杆菌门(Bacteroidetes)丰度呈正相关性,与变形菌门(Proteobacteria)呈负相关性。过度搅拌使产氢产乙酸菌(如互养菌门(Synergistetes))丰度增加,引起耗氢产乙酸菌酸杆菌门(Acidobacteria)丰度随之增加,导致乙酸和丙...     

HL-2A 装置上的快扫Q 波段微波反射系统研制

介绍了在HL-2A 装置上发展的一套快速扫频的Q 波段外差微波反射系统,用于高时空分辨测量等离子体边缘到约束区的电子密度分布。该系统采用外差式连续波扫频调制技术(VCO),由外部任意波电压控制,工作频率为33~50GHz,全波段扫频周期达到6μs。在台面标定中发展了VCO 源的动态标定技术,并解决了微波源及器件的非线性响应、波导的色散特性等因素造成差频频率动态范围过大的问题,使反射面固定时系统输出的差频为定频信号,有利于降低噪声干扰和数据处理。同时发展了直接相位处理技术,实现快速的电子密度分布反演。实验中用该微波反射系统测得了L 模、H 模等不同等离子体放电条件下的电子密度分布,观测ELM 爆发前后台基区的形成与垮塌过程。     

超强激光超热电子激发的Kα X射线发射研究

建立了无色散型X射线谱仪. 利用SILEX-I激光装置的超强激光辐照固体物质,分别在靶前、后定量测量了Cu和Mo物质在不同激光功率密度时的X射线谱和Kα光子产额,推导了不同激光强度时的Kα X射线光子转换效率. 实验发现,打靶激光能量越高,靶后出射的Kα产额越高,100μm Mo靶可获得10^-5量级转换效率. 关键词： X射线发射 激光-物质相互作用 Kα谱仪')" href="#">Kα谱仪     

大气中激光等离子体通道寿命的延长及测量分析

介绍了一种反卷积方法.利用该方法分析了实验中测得的等离子体通道的光电信号特征，获 得了空气中等离子体通道的真实寿命.还证明了利用双脉冲激光结构，可以将等离子体寿命 延长近5倍. 关键词： 反卷积 大气激光等离子体通道 等离子体寿命     

飞秒激光等离子体的光学诊断

使用飞秒激光探针法,对飞秒激光等离子体膨胀过程进行了光学诊断.实验得到了不同时刻的等离子体阴影图和干涉图.大尺度环形自生磁场对等离子体产生了挤压,磁场的横向约束导致等离子体的宏观非对称性和jet结构.等离子体在纵向的膨胀尺度呈现t^1/2变化规律.     

1,3-二烷氧基-乙酰丙酮和-丙酮的[1,3] 键迁移重排

1,3-二甲氧基-2-吗啉-N-基戊1-烯-4-酮(11a)的酸水解经证实发生部分重排, 生成1,3-(1a)和1,5-二甲氧基乙酰丙酮(2a)的混合物, 并通过与氰基乙酰胺缩合, 分别形成3-氰基-4-甲氧甲基-5-甲氧基-6-甲基吡啶-2-醇(3a)和3-氰基-4,6-双(甲氧甲基)吡啶-2-醇(4a)加以证实, 前者还转化为维生素B6. 在相应的乙氧基序列中, 除得到1b丶2b丶3b和4b外, 还分离了反向缩合产物3-氰基-4-甲基-5-乙氧基-6-乙氧甲基吡啶-2-醇(5b) . 对Fedoronko 等为1,3-二甲氧基丙酮的重排-水解为丙酮醛提出的烯丙型重排机制提出了质疑. 事实上, 这一重排更可能是一利热过程的[1.3]单键迁移过程和提供了支持的事例.     

PERFORMANCE COMPARISON OF THE NEON-LIKE CHROMIUM SOFT X-RAY LASING DRIVEN BY A DOUBLE LASER PULSE WITH DIFFERENT DURATION

A comparison has been made of performance of the neon-like chromium soft X-ray lasing at 28.5 nm driven by a double 900 ps pulse at 6 TW/cm², with that driven by a double 200 ps pulse at similar irradiance. The double 200 ps pulse has been found to be much more efficient to drive X-ray lasing with higher intensity.     

Impact of cavitation on lesion formation induced by high intensity focused ultrasound

High intensity focused ultrasound(HIFU) has shown a great promise in noninvasive cancer therapy. The impact of acoustic cavitation on the lesion formation induced by HIFU is investigated both experimentally and theoretically in transparent protein-containing gel and ex vivo liver tissue samples. A numerical model that accounts for nonlinear acoustic propagation and heat transfer is used to simulate the lesion formation induced by the thermal effect. The results showed that lesions could be induced in the samples exposed to HIFU with various acoustic pressures and pulse lengths. The measured areas of lesions formed in the lateral direction were comparable to the simulated results, while much larger discrepancy was observed between the experimental and simulated data for the areas of longitudinal lesion cross-section. Meanwhile,a series of stripe-wiped-off B-mode pictures were obtained by using a special imaging processing method so that HIFUinduced cavitation bubble activities could be monitored in real-time and quantitatively analyzed as the functions of acoustic pressure and pulse length. The results indicated that, unlike the lateral area of HIFU-induced lesion that was less affected by the cavitation activity, the longitudinal cross-section of HIFU-induced lesion was significantly influenced by the generation of cavitation bubbles through the temperature elevation resulting from HIFU exposures. Therefore, considering the clinical safety in HIFU treatments, more attention should be paid on the lesion formation in the longitudinal direction to avoid uncontrollable variation resulting from HIFU-induced cavitation activity.     

X射线荧光光谱法同时测定涂料中的铅、铬、硒和钴

提出了用X射线荧光光谱法同时测定涂料中有害重金属铅、铬、硒和钴的一种新的测试方法. 考察了样品量不同和样品粒度不同对待测元素测试结果的影响. 选用不含待测元素的新鲜涂料作为基体物质制备标准样品, 较好地消除了基体的影响. 各待测元素在50～1000 mg/kg的范围内, 均呈线性关系;Pb、 Cr、 Se、 Co的检出限分别为3.6、 1.2、 0.5及1.5 mg/kg;方法精密度和仪器精密度的相对标准偏差分别低于1.3%和0.50%;用于实际样品测得的结果与电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱法法测得的结果基本一致.