近红外漫反射光谱法测定玉米秸秆NDF与ADF含量

应用主成分空间和傅里叶变换近红外光谱技术,采用偏最小二乘回归法(PLS),在国内首次建立了适合不同品种类型、不同生长发育时期和不同部位且适配范围广的近红外漫反射光谱(NIRS)测定玉米秸秆中性洗涤纤维(NeutralDetergentFiber,NDF)和酸性洗涤纤维(AcidDetergentFiber,ADF)含量的稳定校正模型。结果表明,采用一阶导数 矢量归一化预处理和一阶导数 多元散射校正预处理,谱区均为7502～5450cm-1和4601～4247cm-1,所建立的NDF与ADF校正模型,其校正和预测效果最佳。其校正决定系数(R2cal)均大于094,交叉验证和外部验证决定系数(R2cv,R2val)为092～096,各项误差(RMSEE,RMSECV和RMSEP)为149%～181%。该结果对青贮玉米秸秆材料快速鉴定和筛选具有重要的意义。     

恒流电晕充电对聚四氟乙烯多孔薄膜驻极体驻极态的影响

利用常温下恒流和恒压电晕充电、充电后的等温表面电位衰减、热刺激放电和扫描电镜等实 验手段研究了恒流和恒压电晕充电技术对聚四氟乙烯多孔薄膜驻极体驻极态的影响.与恒压电晕充电相比较，恒流电晕充电时由于流过薄膜的电流恒定，增加了注入电荷在多孔结构厚度方向界面处的俘获概率，使沉积电荷密度上升，改善了驻极体的储电能力.然而，这些位于不同层深多孔界面处的俘获电荷在这类功能膜储存或使用过程中，经外激发从脱阱位置 以跳动（hopping）模式输运至背电极的路径相对缩短将导致脱阱电荷衰减较快. 关键词： 恒流电晕充电 聚四氟乙烯多孔膜 驻极体 电荷稳定性     

LD泵浦Nd∶GdVO4/GaAs被动调Q激光器研究

报道了采用大功率半导体激光器端面泵浦Nd∶GdVO4晶体,利用GaAs晶片兼作饱和吸收被动调Q元件和输出耦合镜,实现了1.06 μm激光的被动调Q运转.在泵浦功率为13.9 W时,获得最高平均输出功率为3.6 W,脉冲宽度为252 ns,单脉冲能量为27 μJ以及峰值功率为107 W的激光脉冲.     

采用保偏光子晶体光纤在1.6μm区域产生超连续谱

报道了利用保偏光子晶体光纤在1.6 μm区域产生超连续谱.通过将光参量放大器产生的中心波长为1.5938 μm、重复频率为250 kHz、脉冲宽度为250 fs的光脉冲耦合进纤芯直径为2.0 μm、长度为0.2 m的保偏光子晶体光纤,获得了1.6 μm区域的光谱展宽,展宽的光谱带宽为45.8 nm (1.5892~1.6350 μm).     

亚微米光栅型导光板设计

提出了利用亚微米光栅制作导光板的方法,给出亚微米光栅型导光板的初始结构.用严格耦合波理论计算分析了在满足基底全反射条件的45°入射角下红(700 nm)、绿(555 nm)、蓝(465 nm)三色光垂直出射的亚微米光栅(0.651μm、0.516μm、0.433μm)在槽深0.05~0.9μm之间变化时,透射衍射效率在2%~43%之间变化.分析了亚微米光栅的作用,做出性能评价,并研究了特定范围入射角引起的衍射角变化.     

Trend of extreme precipitation events over China in last 40 years

Using the daily precipitation data of 740 stations in China from 1960 to 2000, the analysis on the variations and distributions of the frequency and the percentage of extreme precipitation to the annual rainfall have been performed in this paper. Results indicate that the percentage of heavy rains （above 25mm/day） in the annual rainfall has increased, while on average the day number of heavy rains has slightly reduced during the past 40 years. In the end of 1970s and the beginning of 1980s, both the number of days with extreme precipitation and the percentage of extreme precipitation abruptly changed over China, especially in the northern China. By moving t test, the abrupt change year of extreme precipitation for each station and its spatial distribution over the whole country are also obtained. The abrupt change years concentrated in 1978-1982 for most regions of northern China while occurred at various stations in southern China in greatly different/diverse years. Besides the abrupt change years of extreme precipitation at part stations of Northwest China happened about 5 years later in comparison with that of the country＇s average.     

LD泵浦Nd∶LuVO4/Cr4+∶YAG被动调Q激光器

采用大功率半导体激光器端面泵浦Nd∶LuVO4晶体，利用Cr4+∶YAG晶体作为可饱和吸收元件，实现了1.06 μm激光的被动调Q运转.在泵浦功率为19.1 W时，获得最高平均输出功率为4.58 W，脉冲宽度为84 ns，单脉冲能量为36.6 μJ以及峰值功率为436.2 W的激光脉冲.     

SU（3）F Meson Mass Formula from Random Phase Approximation

We present an SU(3)F meson mass formula from random phase approximation. Both the mesons of ground-state pseudoscalar octet and ground-state vector octet are described quite well by this mass formula. We also estimate the current and constituent quark masses from the naive quark model and the PCAC relation.     

Effect of Pulse Temporal Profile on Autler-Townes Splitting in Photoelectron Spectrum

The effect of pulse temporal profiles on the Autler-Townes （AT） splitting in photoelectron spectra is theoretically studied by employing the time-dependent wave packet method for a rotational Na2 molecule. The AT splitting which results from the sufficient Rabi oscillations is affected by the pulse profile and molecular alignment. The AT splitting may be observed only by utilizing proper pulse profiles with a certain intensity.     

Expressions for Entropy Production Rate of Fuel Cells

基于燃料电池的一般模型,应用电化学和热力学理论导出燃料电池系统在不同条件下熵产生率的表示式．为了分析存在实际燃料电池中不可逆损失的影响,引进燃料电池的等效电路,直接将燃料电池的不可逆因子表示为内电阻、漏电阻和负载电阻的函数．进而计算燃料电池的最大输出功率和效率,讨论燃料电池的优化运行,确定负载电阻的匹配条件,从而得到一些有意义的结果．