基于k-means聚类与粗糙集算法的指标筛选方法研究

针对多属性决策中指标的信息重复和不确定性问题,提出了一种基于改进的k-means聚类与粗糙集算法相结合的指标筛选方法。首先,定义样本的空间分布密度,实现初始聚类中心优化的k-means算法,对连续型指标进行离散化处理;然后利用粗糙集的相对约简原理进行指标约简,删除存在信息重复的冗余指标,并结合绿色经济指标体系构建的案例验证了该方法的合理性和有效性。     

不确定自催化反应扩散时空混沌系统的延时同步

设计了一种延迟同步控制器实现了时空混沌系统之间的同步控制.基于Lyapunov稳定性定理,确定了延迟同步控制器的结构以及系统状态变量之间的误差方程.以自催化反应扩散时空混沌系统为例,仿真模拟验证了该控制器的有效性.进一步设计了参量辨识器,对不确定自催化反应扩散时空混沌系统中的参量进行了有效辨识.通过研究有界噪声影响下系统的同步效果,表明该同步方法具有较好的抗干扰能力. 关键词： 时空混沌 延时同步 参量辨识 有界噪声     

等离子弧焊接熔池演变过程的模拟和验证

本文建立了描述等离子弧焊接熔池相变传热与流动的三维数理模型,考虑表面张力、电磁力和浮升力的作用,并针对等离子弧焊接特点,改进组合式体积热源模型,上部采用双椭球热源,下部采用圆锥体热源。重点分析了焊接熔池形状和温度场的演变过程,熔合线的模拟形状与实验焊缝吻合,较好地呈现了焊缝的凸起和熔池宽度,验证了数学模型和热源模型的正确性。本文还进一步开展了焊接功率和焊接速度的影响分析。研究结果表明,流动对焊缝形状的影响不容忽略,而表面张力在三个流动驱动力中占主导地位;焊接功率越大,焊接速度越小,越有利于焊件焊透,数值模拟得到优化的焊接功率和速度有益于实际焊接生产质量及效率。     

标准状态下氮气在0.145～2.058μm的色散特性

为了研究氮气在宽光谱范围内的色散特性,基于气体色散理论,在标准条件下(温度为293.15K,气压为101325Pa),利用二阶Sellmeier公式和最小二乘法拟合得到氮气在0.145～2.058μm波长范围内的色散公式。该公式在全波段范围内的不确定度约为2.1×10-7,与原始测量数据的准确度一致。与现有色散公式相比,该公式的适用波长范围更宽,可提供氮气在0.27～0.47μm波段更多的折射率信息,具有较广泛的适用性。通过实验测量氮气在633nm处的折射率验证了该公式的有效性。     

大变倍比中波红外变焦系统的小型化设计

基于中波红外320240制冷型探测器,采用机械正组补偿方式,引入衍射光学元件（DOE）,并采用折叠光路,实现大变倍比中波红外变焦光学系统的小型化设计。利用变焦原理和Zemax光学设计软件给出系统结构参数,并对设计结果进行像质评价,对凸轮曲线求解等。设计与分析结果表明:系统使用6片透镜在3.7 m~4.8 m波段实现了18 mm~360 mm连续变焦,满足100 %冷光阑匹配,在空间频率16 lp/mm处MTF值均大于0.5。该系统具有大变倍比、变焦轨迹平滑等特点,可应用于机载光电侦察设备中。     

A Novel Tunable Dual-frequency Laser with Large Frequency Difference

This paper proposed a novel tunable dual frequency laser with large frequency difference,which used LD to pump the Nd∶YAG microchip in the end surface and put the liquid pressure on the radial direction of the crystal by a pressure-transporting thin film. As a result of the stress birefringence, there was a mode splitting phenomenon of the microchip laser longitudinal mode. Both theoretical analysis and experiments indicated that there is a directly proportional relation between the frequency difference and the pressure, so the tunable frequency difference could be obtained when the pressure was changed. A large frequency difference of about 3.4 GHz with linear tunable relation was achieved in the experiment,so it can be a practical light source for the absolute distance interferometry.     

In-situ high pressure X-ray diffraction studies of orthoferrite SmFeO_3

The high-pressure behaviors of SmFeO3 are investigated by angle-dispersive synchrotron X-ray powder diffraction under a pressure of up to 40.3 GPa at room temperature. The crystal structure of SmFeO3 remains stable at up to the highest pressure. The different pressure coefficients of the normalized axial compressibility are obtained to be βa = 0.60 × 10-3 GPa-1,βb = 0.79 × 10-3 GPa-1, βc = 1.28 × 10-3 GPa- 1, and the bulk modulus （B0） is determined to be 293（3） GPa by fitting the pressure-volume data using the Birch-Murnaghan equation of state. Furthermore, the larger compressibility of the FeO6 octahedra suggests the evolution of the orthorhombic structure towards higher symmetry configuration at high pressures.     

Optical Feedback Characteristics in He-Ne Dual Frequency Lasers

Optical feedback characteristics in He-Ne dual frequency lasers are studied systematically in different feedback power ratios with a variable attenuator. Feedback power ratios vary from 0.010 up to 0.998. Five distinct regimes of self-interference effects are found and defined as regimes Ⅰ, Ⅱ,Ⅲ,Ⅳand Ⅴ. Accordingly, five optical feedback levels have been put forward in He-Ne dual frequency lasers. Strong mode competitions are observed in regimes Ⅲ and Ⅳ. In regime Ⅴ, multiple feedback effects are investigated. The basic theoretical analysis is also presented. Our results can advance the research of self-mixing interferometer and displacement sensor of He-Ne orthogonally polarized dual frequency lasers.     

Pascal Realization by Comb-Spectral-Interferometry Based Refractometer

To break through the limitations of existing pressure standards, which rely on the gravity and toxic mercury,the national metrological institutes prefer a quantum-based pressure standard. Combining the ideal gas law with helium refractivity measurement, we demonstrate a scheme for the realization of the pressure unit. The refractometer is based on a spectral interferometry with an optical frequency comb and a double-spaced vacuum cell. Through fast Fourier transform of the spectral interferograms of the two beams propagating inside and outside the vacuum cell, the helium refractivity can be obtained with a combined standard uncertainty u(n) of2.9 × 10~(-9). Moreover, the final u(n) is ~8.7 × 10~(-6) in a measurement range of several megapascals(MPa). Our apparatus is compact, fast(15 ms for one single measurement) and easy to handle. Furthermore, the measurement uncertainty will be improved to ~1 × 10~(-9) or lower if a VIPA-based spectrometer is used. The value of u(p) will thus increase to 3 × 10~(-6) or better in several MPa.     

星载激光多普勒测风雷达鉴频系统仿真(I):基于Fizeau干涉仪的Mie通道大气风速反演研究

研究了星载激光多普勒测风雷达系统结构,构建了基于Fizeau干涉仪的鉴频仿真系统,仿真研究了Mie通道风速反演算法,并利用无线电探空数据集仿真结果统计分析了Mie通道大气水平视线(HLOS)风速反演误差.仿真和统计结果表明,基于Fizeau干涉仪的Mie通道可反演低对流层大气风速;低对流层HLOS风速误差和标准差分别小于1 m·s-1和2 m·s-1;气溶胶和云的分布影响星载激光多普勒雷达测风误差,可使风速最大偏差增大一倍.