基于DIS数字信息化系统对透光物质透光性能的研究

采用DIS数字信息化系统,对不同浓度的蓝墨水溶液在激光光源照射下的透射平均照度及照度分布图像进行实验研究,得到了平均照度值随溶液浓度变化的规律。对不同颜色塑料膜片对白炽灯光源透过照度值及照度分布图像进行实验研究得到及其相关之规律。     

Large and anisotropic linear magnetoresistance in bulk stoichiometric Cd3As2 crystals

Cd3As2 was recently identified as a novel three-dimensional(3D)topological semimetal hosting the long-pursuing 3D Dirac Fermion.Crystals of Cd3As2 grown preferentially along the[100]and[112]directions were obtained through the modified chemical vapor transfer growth method,thus allowing the examination of transport anisotropy.The resistivity and magnetoresistance(MR)are basically linear with respect to magnetic field(H)in the measured temperature range of 2–300 K irrespective of the directions.The linear resistivity and MR are significantly anisotropic not only along[100]and[112]directions but also with respect to tilt angle between the growth directions and H,thus providing transport signatures of the 3D Dirac Fermion as well as the possible linear and anisotropic change of Weyl Fermi surface in H.Very large MR along the[100]direction is observed,even approaching 3100%at 2 K and 14 k Oe(1 Oe=79.5775 A m-1).The results would be helpful in renewing interest in studying emergent phenomena arising from bulk 3D Dirac Fermion as well as in paving the way for Cd3As2 to be used in magnetoelectronic sensors.     

A new strategy for synthesis of branched cyclic peptide by Asn side-chain hydrazide ligation

Here, we report a new strategy for rapid synthesis of branched peptide by side-chain hydrazide ligation at Asn. The hydrazide was converted to thioester at Asn side chain by NaNO₂ and thiol reagent, and sequential ligation with an N-terminus Cys-peptide efficiently afforded the branched peptide. A branched cyclic peptide was successfully synthesized by side-chain ligation with a two-Cys-peptide and formation of a disulfide bond. This approach provides a new way for expeditious synthesis of branched peptides and facilitates the design of neopeptides as functional bio-mimics.     

High-Pressure Behavior of Nano-Pt in Hydrogen Environment

We choose nano-Pt in hydrogen environment to explore the size effect on the formation of metal hydrides.At30 GPa,a phase transition in the metal lattice from the cubic to hexagonal phase is observed characterized by a drastically increased volume per metal atom,indicating the formation of PtH-P6_3/mmc.We find that nano-Pt could form PtH at a lower pressure than the bulk Pt due to its high specific surface and structure defects.The present work provides the possible route to new metal hydrides under mild conditions.     

焦炉上升管内壁结焦炭层的光谱学分析及结焦机理研究

以焦炉上升管内壁结焦炭层块为研究对象，采用X射线荧光光谱仪（XRF）、X射线衍射仪（XRD）、傅里叶红外光谱仪（FTIR）和激光共聚焦拉曼光谱仪（Raman）对结焦炭层的元素组成，以及各结焦炭层的矿物组成、组成结构和分子结构进行测试。分析从结焦炭层块外表面向内表面过渡的各结焦炭层的差异性，揭示焦炉上升管内壁结焦机理。结果表明焦炉上升管内粉尘中Fe，S和Cr极易催化荒煤气中蒽、萘等稠环芳烃化合物成炭，在焦炉上升管内壁形成炭颗粒沉积，为焦油凝结挂壁提供载体，在荒煤气温度降至结焦温度时易结焦积碳。结焦炭层均含有芳香层结构，随着结焦炭层从外表面向内表面过渡，各结焦炭层的面层间距(d₀₀₂)逐渐降低、层片直径(L_a)先降低后增加、层片堆砌高度(Lc)和芳香层数(N)先稳定后增加。结焦炭层石墨化过程是由结焦炭层内表面向外表面进行，主要包括其片层外缘的羧基和部分C-O结构的降解剥离，从而形成高度规整的共轭结构。结焦炭层块中C元素是以结晶碳与无定型碳的混合物形式存在。以上研究为解决焦炉上升管内壁结焦及腐蚀问题，提高换热器换热效率，有效回收焦炉荒煤气显热，降低焦化企业能耗提供实验基础和理论依据。     

基于MEA的CO_2相变化吸收剂的开发

化学吸收法是碳捕集技术中最为成熟的技术之一,单乙醇胺(MEA)是最常用的化学吸收剂.然而由于MEA的解吸能耗较高,造成CO_2捕集成本居高不下.本文提出了一种利用盐析效应开发新型CO_2相变化吸收剂的方法,并开发了吸收剂组成为"MEA+叔丁醇+水"的新型CO_2相变化吸收剂.实验考察了不同配比下吸收剂的分相情况、循环负载量以及吸收剂的物理性质,并用气相容积法测定了40℃、0～0.5 MPa下,CO_2在相变化吸收剂中的溶解度.研究表明,MEA/叔丁醇相变化吸收剂的循环负载量最高为2.84 mol CO_2/kg,相比于30%MEA水溶液提高了40%,进入解吸塔的吸收剂体积降低了65%,有望大幅降低CO_2捕集能耗.     

三频差分GNSS/INS紧组合模型

北斗卫星导航系统已经提供三频信号的位置服务。针对目前尚无关于北斗三频信号的GNSS/INS紧组合研究的现状,将三频模糊度解算算法与紧组合结合,构建了三频差分GNSS/INS紧组合模型。给出了新模型的观测方程和模糊度解算方法,分析了新模型的优点。进行了车载组合导航实验对比新模型与经典模型,结果表明:新模型的解算时间消耗远少于经典模型,在9颗可视卫星时,新模型的总解算时间仅为经典模型的55.53%;卫星数的增加对新模型解算时间的影响不显著;新模型能够获得和经典模型相当的精度,位置差别均方根在毫米级,速度差别均方根在厘米级,姿态差别均方根在0.01°级别。新模型利用了三频模糊度解算速度快的优点,又有效地削弱了其不稳定性对定位结果的影响,为基于三频信号的GNSS/INS紧组合做了前沿性研究。     

^13C的一个可能的类晕的中子1p态

假设^13C是单粒子的2p态的结构，用Glauber多重散射理论研究了入射能量为1GeV的质子在^13C上的弹性散射，得到了与实验符合得很好的理论结果。这说明^13C可能存在着一个类晕的中子皮。     

含气率对PTS时压力容器内流动与传热的影响

本文对反应堆压力容器紧急安注时的流动与传热特性在1/10的模型上进行了流动可视化、局部传热系数以及混合函数的试验研究。针对三个热冲击敏感区域的部分测点,比较了环腔流速为0.5m/s、安注流速为1～30 m/s时不同含气率对下降环腔内流动与传热特性的影响,得出并分析了不同测点传热系数、混合函数的变化规律。研究结果表明:随着含气率增大,安注流体与环腔流体的混合增强;下降环腔内的含气率对小安注流速时的流动与传热影响显著,而对大安注流速时影响较小。