循环应变波形对铝疲劳过程中超声衰减的影响

研究了高纯多晶铝在三角和正弦两种波形的应变控制下的疲劳过程中的超声衰减.结果表明，在小应变振幅下，影响超声衰减变化地主要是位错与点缺陷间的相互作用，波形的变化能改变点缺陷的分布，因而影响超声衰减的变化；而在大应变振幅下，位错大量增殖，对超声衰减变化起主导作用的是位错与位错间的相互作用，波形对位错增殖和位错间相互作用影响甚小. 关键词：     

调焦辐射层析成像法重建三维发光体辐射场

提出了用一个摄像机重建三维发光体辐射场分布的方法。连续的三维发光体可以看成若干个互相平行的二维发光断层的组合。对发光体某断层进行聚焦摄象,得到的图像是该断层的高斯像和其他断层分别聚焦摄像,可得到组辐射图像,再用图像反汪算法,即可重建各断层的辐射场。实验模拟了具有我断层的三维发光体,获得了初步结果。     

利用强迫振动扭摆方法测量液体粘滞系数的原理

研究了利用强迫振动扭摆方法测量液体粘滞系数的原理-由标准滞弹性体的Voigt型三参数模型确定了测量系统的基本参量,从而证明了利用强迫振动扭摆测量液体粘滞系数的四参数模型的正确性- 关键词：     

缅怀何怡贞先生

2008年7月31日,中国物理界前辈,我们尊敬的何怡贞先生永远离开了我们,享年98岁.何怡贞先生给我的印象是一个非常平和谦逊的人,待人诚恳热情,平易近人,科研工作上孜孜不倦,一丝不苟.     

全光纤傅里叶变换光谱仪消偏振衰落技术研究

针对全光纤傅里叶变换光谱仪中光束偏振态在双折射影响下带来的干涉信号"偏振诱导衰落"现象导致测量光谱畸变的问题,根据偏振光学原理,分析了光纤应力、弯曲和扭曲导致的双折射对传输光束偏振态的影响,找到了FFTS在测量宽谱光源发射谱时出现谱线畸变的原因,提出了建立偏振态反馈控制系统来稳定干涉信号可见度的方法.实验结果表明,该方法消除了偏振态变化对测量光谱的影响.     

Apparent Electrical Conductivity of Porous Titanium Prepared by the Powder Metallurgy Method

Porous titanium is produced by thepowder metallurgy method. Dependence of the electrical conductivity on the porosity and pore size is investigated and the experimental results are compared with a number of models. It is found that the minimum solid area model could be successfully applied to describe the relationship between the electrical conductivity and the porosity of porous titanium. This kind of conductivity increases with increasing pore sizes.     

用单块激光器和环形外腔获得稳定的532 nm激光

采用单块半非平面Nd:YAG单频环形激光器和环形外腔倍频技术，获得了单频功率249.5mW的532nm波长的绿光输出，倍频效率43.2%，实现了倍频腔与激光器之间的跟踪锁定，倍频光功率稳定性优于1％，理论计算与实验结果一致。     

单晶铝在拉压循环过程中形成的两种位错组态与成因

研究了［１１０］和［１００］取向高纯铝单晶在６×１０^－4拉压疲劳应变振幅条件下的应力σ_m和内耗Ｑ^－１的变化，对不同阶段的位错组态作了详细的透射电子显微镜观察，并利用滑移几何的观点予以解释 关键词：     

Ab Initio Molecular Dynamics Simulations on Structural Properties of Liquid In20Sn80

Ab initio molecular dynamics simulations on liquid ln2oSnso alloy are carried out at six different temperatures from 798 K to 1193 K. The temperature dependences of binding energy, volume, pair-correlation function and structure factor are studied. The first-peak position of our calculated pair correlation function is in agreement with the experimental data. A shoulder is reproduced in the high wave number side of the first peak in our calculated structure factor, implying the existence of the residual directional bonds of Sn atoms in liquid In20Sn80 alloy. The first-peak height of our calculated structure factor and the coordination number of Sn atom decrease more sharply in the low-temperature region from 798 K to 986 K than that in the high-temperature region from 986 K to 1193K, suggesting that a discontinuous structural change may occur at around 986K in liquid In20Sn80 alloy.