不同金属负载对Cr/Al2O3-TiO2催化剂结构及氧化NO性能的影响

采用溶胶-凝胶法和浸渍法制备Cr/Al_2O_3-TiO_2催化剂,在考察不同Cr负载量的基础上,研究不同金属负载与焙烧温度对Cr/Al_2O_3-TiO_2催化剂结构与性能影响。程序升温氧化(TPO)结果表明,当Cr负载量为10%(w/w)时具有较好的催化活性;不同金属负载Cr/Al_2O_3-TiO_2时,负载Co及在焙烧温度为550℃时催化剂具有较好的活性。通过程序升温还原(H_2-TPR)表征发现,Co的负载使催化剂的低温氧化还原能力逐渐提高,表明Co-Cr具有较好的协同催化作用。X射线光电子能谱(XPS)表征表明,Co增加了Cr~(6+)和表面吸附氧(O_β)含量,随着焙烧温度的升高(450～550℃),晶格氧不断向催化剂表面流动,表面化学吸附氧O_β比例逐渐增加,导致催化活性不断升高,说明Cr~(6+)和O_β是催化氧化NO的重要活性物种。     

Ni—Zn／活性炭催化剂的程序升温还原研究

采用ＴＰＲ技术对甲醇、乙醇羰基化反应的Ｎｉ／Ｃ和Ｎｉ－Ｚｎ／Ｃ催化剂进行了研究。实验发现，负载于活性炭上的ＮｉＯ比非负载的ＮｉＯ容易还原；Ｎｉ与Ｚｎ之间有相 互，Ｎｉ－Ｚｎ／Ｃ的还原峰温介于Ｎｉ／Ｃ与Ｚｎ／Ｃ之间，还原后的Ｎｉ／Ｃ和Ｎｉ－Ｚｎ／Ｃ催化剂比非负载ＮｉＯ还原后的Ｎｉ更易氧化；氧化后的Ｎｉ／Ｃ和Ｎｉ－Ｚｎ／Ｃ在相同的升温速率下再一次还原，其峰温θｍ比第一次还原时低３０－５０℃，而对Ｚｎ／     

CO在Ni-Zn/C催化剂上的可逆吸附

ＣＯ在ＮｉＺｎ／Ｃ催化剂上的可逆吸附彭峰黄仲涛（华南理工大学化学工程系，广州５１０６４１）关键词一氧化碳，可逆吸附，吸附热，镍，锌，活性炭，负载型催化剂分类号Ｏ６４３／Ｏ６４７化学吸附是分子与催化剂表面原子间形成吸附化学键，具有选择性，是多相催化...     

Fe/La2O3纳米催化剂制备碳纳米管

Nanocrystalline LaFeO₃ was synthesised by the citrate method with La(NO₃)₃·6H₂O,Fe(NO₃)₃·9H₂O and citric acid as the raw materials. Before and after reduction, its structure was characterized by means of X-ray diffraction and transmission electron microscopy(TEM). And after reduction of LaFeO₃ oxide, the rare earth oxide, La₂O₃, prevents Fe particles from agglomerating and promotes the dispersion of nano-scale Fe particles (ca.40nm), which is one of the key factors for the growth of carbon nanotube. The carbon nanotubes from the catalytic de-composition of C₂H₂ were obtained using Fe/La₂O₃ nano-scale catalyst, which was formed from LaFeO₃ oxide as the catalyst precursor. The morphological structures of the carbon nanotube obtained have been examined by TEM. The results indicate that they are multi-walled nanotubes of good quality with inter diameter ranging from 20～25nm and length ranging from 25～40μm. The yields of carbon nanotube are 1.25g·gcat^-1 at the reaction temperature of 973K for 30min.     

微乳法制备纳米TiO2 /SiO2的结构及光催化研究

Nanosized TiO₂ and TiO₂/SiO₂ particles were prepared by hydrolysis of tetrabutyl titanate (TBOT) and tetraethyl orthosilicate (TEOS) in the TX-100 reverse microemulsion. These particles were characterized by TG-DSC, XRD, FTIR, TEM，N₂ adsorption-desorption. Their photocatalytic activity was tested by degradation of methyl orange. The result shows that TiO₂/SiO₂ nanoparticles are with a monodispersed spherical phase and a uniform size distribution，and TiO₂ particles are dispersed on the surface of SiO₂. The band for Ti-O-Si vibration in FTIR was observed, the Ti-O-Si bond increased the stability of anatase TiO₂, suppressed the phase transformation of titania from anatase to rutile. And due to the addition of SiO₂, the average size of titania decreased from 38 nm in pure TiO₂ to 5 nm in TiO₂/SiO₂. It was found, under UV light irradiation, TiO₂/SiO₂ particles showed higher activity than pure TiO₂, and TiO₂/SiO₂(1/1) particles showed the highest photocatalytic activity on the photocatalytic decomposition of methyl orange, which was influenced by crystal structure, particle size, crystallinity and Surface area Characteristics.     

Ni-Zn/C催化剂上乙醇气相羰基化

对镍催化剂上常压下乙醇气相羰基化合丙酸及丙酸乙酯进行了研究，结果发现，Ｎｉ－Ｚｎ／Ｃ催化剂比Ｎｉ／Ｃ具有更高的活性与选择性，实验对催化剂中Ｎｉ及Ｚｎ含量进行了优化，Ｎｉ含量５％，Ｚｎ含量３．５％时最佳，考察了反应温度对产物分布的影响，结果表明２５０℃为最佳反应温度，采用程序升温脱附技术（ＴＰＤ）对促进剂碘乙烷在活性炭，Ｎｉ／Ｃ，Ｚｎ／Ｃ及Ｎｉ－Ｚｎ／Ｃ上的行为进行了考察。实验结果表明，乙醇的甲烷化     

Compact fiber optic accelerometer

A compact fiber optic accelerometer based on a Michelson interferometer is proposed and demonstrated. In the proposed system, the sensing element consists of two single-mode fibers glued together by epoxy, which then act as a simple supported beam. By demodulating the optical phase shift, the acceleration is determined as proportional to the force applied on the central position of the two single-mode fibers. This simple model is able to calculate the sensitivity and the resonant frequency of the compact accelerometer. The experimental results show that the sensitivity and the resonant frequency of the accelerometer are 0.42 rad/g and 600 Hz, respectively.     

液晶聚合物小直径光缆挤塑工艺研究

基于液晶聚合物挤塑法,提出一种研制小直径光缆的技术途径。描述了液晶聚合物的基本特性,说明了液晶聚合物是小直径光缆的理想挤塑材料。研究了小直径光缆的挤塑工艺参数并根据液晶聚合物的材料特性给出了挤塑工艺流程。采用挤塑方式研制出外径为0.45mm的液晶聚合物小直径光缆,分析了该光缆的基本性能。试验结果表明：挤塑工艺对光纤几乎不产生附加损耗,在-60℃～＋80℃的温度范围内,光缆的附加损耗几乎为零。     

TiO2－SnO2复合纳米膜的制备及其光催化降解甲苯的活性

 采用溶胶－凝胶法制备了nano－TiO2－SnO2复合溶胶，经一次镀膜就能在玻璃上得到没有缺陷、结构紧密均匀的nano－TiO2－SnO2复合膜．通过扫描电镜观察到复合膜颗粒为球形，比纯TiO2膜的颗粒小，平均粒径为15nm，且粒径分布非常均匀．以空气中的有机挥发物甲苯模拟污染物，测定了nano－TiO2－SnO2复合膜的光催化降解性能．结果表明，n（SnO2）／n（TiO2）＝0．05的nano－TiO2－SnO2复合膜催化剂具有最高的光催化活性，且比纯TiO2膜的活性高；甲苯初始浓度为920mg／m3时，反应5h甲苯完全降解．XRD分析表明，此复合物具有锐钛矿和金红石两种TiO2晶相，没有检测到SnO2的特征峰．     

乙醇直接气相羰基化新催化剂

醇的羰基化合成是极有工业价值的过程 ,也是绿色化学中提倡的原子经济性反应 [1] .甲醇均相羰基化合成醋酸是 Monsanto公司成功开发应用的典范 [2 ] ,而乙醇羰基化合成丙酸或丙酸乙酯的研究尤其重要 .前文对一种性能优良的负载型 Ni系催化剂用于乙醇常压气相羰基化合成丙酸及其酯作了报道 [3,4] ,与均相羰基化相比 ,该反应具有条件温和 ,不使用贵金属铑 ,催化剂与产物不存在分离上的困难等优点 ,但反应体系仍需使用卤化物作促进剂 .由于碘乙烷的存在 ,反应系统设备腐蚀严重 (有 HI生成 ) ,产物分离精制复杂 .目前 ,醇的均相羰基化及多相羰…