光功能导向的SiNN分子电致发光特性研究

采用优选出的密度泛函B3P86/cc-PVTZ方法对SiNN分子进行了基态结构的优化,然后使用含时密度泛函方法(Time-dependent density functional theory,TDDFT)计算了SiNN分子前7个激发态的激发能,吸收谱,跃迁振子强度等激发特性,进而在得到不同外电场下SiNN分子的基态稳定结构的基础上,研究了外电场作用下SiNN分子的激发特性.与无电场时的激发特性进行比较发现SiNN分子的激发能,吸收谱,跃迁振子强度在外电场作用下变化明显,特别是加场后使原来跃迁禁戒的能级之间发生了跃迁,出现了紫光区的376～401 nm波长的吸收谱,电子在各能级之间的跃迁能力也发生了很大改变.同时对SiNN分子可见光谱的产生机理也进行了分析,经理论分析发现SiNN分子有可见光波段的发射谱且数值与实验测量结果非常吻合.     

Density Functional Calculations of C–NO_2 Bond Dissociation Energies for Nitroalkanes Molecules

Bond dissociation energies for the removal of nitrogen dioxide group in some nit- roalkane energetic materials have been calculated by using the three hybrid density functional theory (DFT) methods B3LYP, B3PW91 and B3P86 with 6-31g** and 6-311g** basis sets. The computed BDEs have been compared with the available experimental results. It is found that the B3P86 method with 6-31g** and 6-311g** basis sets can obtain satisfactory bond dissociation energies (BDEs), which are in extraordinary agreement with the experimental data. Considering the smaller mean absolute deviation and maximum difference, the reliable B3P86/6-311g** method was recommended to compute the BDEs for the removal of nitrogen dioxide group in the nitroalkane energetic materials. Using the method, the BDEs of 8 other nitroalkane energetic materials have been calculated and the maximum difference from experimental value is 1.76 kcal·mol-1 (for the BDE of tC4H9–NO2), which further proves the reliability of B3P86/6-311g** method. In addition, it is noted that the BDEs of C–NO2 bond change slightly for main chain nitroalkane compounds with the maximum difference of only 3.43 kcal mol-1.     

低频调制场中钾原子的激发

本文用含时多态展开方法计算了里德堡钾原子在静电场、微波场和低射频场[a radio-frequency(rf)field]共同作用下方波振荡的激发特性.研究计算了通过改变微波场的频率、振幅和静电场的振幅以及用低射频锯齿波代替低射频余弦波后方波振荡的变化,获得了一些非常有趣的结果,并给出了理论解释.     

Coherent Control of Population Transfer in Li Atoms via Chirped Microwave Pulses

We demonstrate theoretically that Li atoms can be transferred to states of a lower principal quantum number by exposing them to a frequency chirped microwave pulse. The population transfer of Li atoms from the n = 75 state to n = 70 with more than 90% efficiency is achieved by means of the sequential single-photon △n = -1 transitions. The calculation fully utilizes all of the available orbital angular momentum l states for a given n, and the interference pattern and population evolution dynamics of individual l states are analyzed in detail. Using the time-dependent multilevel approach, we describe the process reasonably well as a sequence of adiabatic rapid passages.     

Theoretical Study of Elastic Properties of Tungsten Disilicide1

The plane-wave pseudopotential method using the generalized gradient approximation within the framework of density functional theory is applied to analyse the lattice parameters, elastic constants, bulk moduli, shear moduli and Young＇s moduli of WSi2. The quasi-harmonic Debye model, using a set of total energy versus cell volume obtained with the plane-wave pseudopotential method, is applied to the study of the elastic properties and vibrational effects. The athermal elastic constants of WSi2 are calculated as a function of pressure up to 35 GPa. The relationship between bulk modulus and temperature up to 1200 K is also obtained. Moreover, the Debye temperature is determined from the non-equilibrium Gibbs function. The calculated results are in good agreement with the experimental data.     

锂原子的高激发态能级计算及其在微波场中的布居动力学过程

利用B样条技术,设计了一种计算高激发原子能级结构的方法,计算了高激发锂原子的能级结构,并研究了里德堡锂原子在微波场中的布居动力学过程。     

二维GeSe纳米片五族和七族原子掺杂的受主和施主杂质态

采用第一性原理的计算方法研究GeSe纳米片结构掺杂V和VII族元素对其电子结构、形成能和跃迁能级的影响.结果表明：无论是掺杂V族还是VII族元素,体系的形成能均随杂质半径的增加而增加.V族元素掺杂体系的跃迁能级随杂质原子半径的增加而降低,而VII元素掺杂的体系却随杂质原子半径的增加而增加.其中,F、Cl、Br和I的掺杂为n型施主浅能级杂质,而N、P和As掺杂为p型受体深能级杂质.为相关的实验研究提供了理论参考.     

Lithium atom population transfer by population trapping in a chirped microwave pulse

Using a time-dependent multilevel approach, we demonstrate that lithium atoms can be transferred to states of lower principle quantum number by exposing them to a frequency chirped microwave pulse. The population transfer from n = 79 to n = 70 states of lithium atoms with more than 80% efficiency is achieved by means of the sequential two-photon Δ n = - 1 transitions. It is shown that the coherent control of the population transfer can be accomplished by the optimization of the chirping parameters and microwave field strength. The calculation results agree well with the experimental ones and novel explanations have been given to understand the experimental results.     

H+,He2+与Li原子碰撞中电子俘获总截面的程函近似计算

采用Li原子价电子的有效势对前置形式程函近似振幅公式进行了修正,提出有效势修正程函近似方法,并对H^＋和He²⁺与Li原子碰撞中的电子俘获总截面进行了计算,取得了与实验比较吻合的结果. 关键词：     

碳分子线基态特性理论研究

从第一原理出发，利用密度泛函理论B3LYP系统研究了碳分子线Cn（n=3～10）的电子结构特性．对优化结果分析发现，由于离域效应的作用，当n为奇数时，分子线基态为单重态，反之，当n为偶数时，三重态为其稳定的基态．对其电子结构分析可得，随着n的增加，体系能量逐渐降低；同时本文确定了分子线体系最高占据轨道HOMO能量E^H、最低未占据轨道LUMO能量E^L与n的关系式，即En-2^H〈En^H〈En＋2^H，En-2^L〉En^L〉En＋2^L，因而碳分子线的费米能级会表现出特有的奇偶性．该工作将有利于准确认识分子器件的伏安特性，设计出良好性能的分子器件。