基于准等重二甲基化标记的高通量蛋白质组选择性交叉标记装置

面对生物学及精准医学等领域多变量、大样本量的蛋白质组定量分析的需求,高通量的定量标记及分析已经成为近年来蛋白质组学方法发展的趋势。发展了一种基于准等重二甲基化标记策略的高通量肽段末端选择性交叉标记装置（pIDL-StageTip）,借助简单的装置及离心力,有效地增加了定量标记的通量,并保证了肽段末端两步标记反应时间的可控性及操作的简便性。通过优化酸性条件下NaBD₃CN与NaBH₃CN体系的标记条件,得到了标准蛋白质酶解产物100%的标记效率、95%以上的标记选择性;在人源蛋白质组复杂体系下,标记效率大于99%,标记选择性为100%。基于该装置的定量方法具有很高的定量准确度及精密度。该装置为实现高可操作性、高准确度、高通量的蛋白质组定量标记提供了一个可靠的解决方案。     

磁控溅射技术室温生长氢化ZnO∶Ga薄膜及其特性研究

采用直流脉冲磁控溅射方法,在室温下生长氢化Ga掺杂ZnO薄膜(GZO/H),并通过湿法后腐蚀技术获得绒面结构.研究了室温下H2流量对薄膜结构、光电性能及表面形貌的影响.实验表明,氢化GZO(GZO/H)薄膜具有良好的(002)晶面择优取向生长,引入适当流量的H2可以有效提高薄膜的电学特性,GZO/H薄膜具有更低的电阻率以及较高的迁移率和载流子浓度.当通入H2流量为6 sccm时,薄膜电阻率为6.8 ×10-4 Ω·cm,Hall迁移率达34.2 cm2/Ⅴ·s,制备的GZO/H薄膜可见光区域平均透过率优于85;.此外,研究了H2流量对湿法腐蚀后绒面GZO/H薄膜表面形貌的影响,提出了一种薄膜绒面结构形成过程模型.     

Improving light trapping and conversion efficiency of amorphous silicon solar cell by modified and randomly distributed ZnO nanorods

Three-dimensional （3D） nanostructures in thin film solar cells have attracted significant attention due to their appli- cations in enhancing light trapping. Enhanced light trapping can result in more effective absorption in solar cells, thus leading to higher short-circuit current density and conversion efficiency. We develop randomly distributed and modified ZnO nanorods, which are designed and fabricated by the following processes： the deposition of a ZnO seed layer on sub- strate with sputtering, the wet chemical etching of the seed layer to form isolated islands for nanorod growth, the chemical bath deposition of the ZnO nanorods, and the sputtering deposition of a thin Al-doped ZnO （ZnO：Al） layer to improve the ZnO/Si interface. Solar cells employing the modified ZnO nanorod substrate show a considerable increase in solar energy conversion efficiency.     

硅异质结电池衬底形貌的修饰及其在电池中的应用研究

对单晶硅衬底制绒可有效增强其陷光作用,提高硅异质结太阳电池的短路电流.但在沉积非晶硅的过程中,制绒衬底的金字塔沟壑处易出现两相式外延生长,降低电池输出特性参数.对此本文采用两种方法修饰制绒衬底的微观形貌,并将其分别应用到硅异质结太阳电池的制备当中.通过混酸溶液对碱制绒后的衬底进行平滑处理,使金字塔形貌更加平滑,电池开路电压由564.6 mV提高到609.4 mV.此外,采用四甲基氢氧化铵替代碱溶液,发现制绒后的衬底不仅具有良好的陷光效果,且其形貌更为平滑,使得电池的开路电压和转换效率均有明显提升.     

硅基薄膜太阳电池一维光子晶体背反射器的模拟设计与制备

从模拟和实验两个方面研究了一种适用于硅基薄膜太阳电池的一维光子晶体新型背反射器.首先采用时域有限差分方法,模拟研究了组成一维光子晶体的两种介质的折射率比、厚度比以及周期厚度对光子禁带的影响.基于模拟结果,制备出一种由低折射率SiOx层与高折射率非晶硅a-Si层周期性交叠构成的禁带可调式一维光子晶体背反射器.通过改变a-Si层的厚度,使得禁带范围由500—750 nm波长范围红移至650—1100 nm,反射率分别达到96.4%和99%.将上述结构的一维光子晶体作为背反射器分别应用于非晶硅单结太阳电池和非晶硅/微晶硅双结叠层太阳电池,与没有背反射结构电池相比,短路电流密度分别提升了18.3%和15.2%.同时模拟研究了在不同入射角度下自然光、TE波和TM波对光子晶体反射特性的影响.研究结果表明,在太阳电池中,光线倾斜入射对一维光子晶体反射率的影响有限.     

降低表面等离子激元寄生吸收损失的途径研究

从纳米Ag颗粒表面等离子激元光学及表面高能电场特性两方面入手,较为系统地研究了周围介质的导电特性对表面等离子激元的影响.通过对复合薄膜紫外-可见-近红外光谱及表面增强拉曼散射光谱的分析,指出绝缘性的Al₂O₃介质薄膜能够起到良好的表面电场定域效果,且不会引入附加的光吸收损失;而导电性的ITO薄膜则会引入表面价电子的溢出损失,加速了表面电场的衰逝,同时引起长波方向上显著的光吸收损失.研究还表明致密的Al₂O₃介质薄膜能够起到良好的屏蔽作用,且纳米Ag颗粒表面等离子激元特性仅受最近邻材料特性的影响.研究结果为在硅基薄膜太阳电池中实现对纳米Ag颗粒的阻挡、寄生光吸收损失的降低以及表面高能电场的利用,提供了一条有效的解决途径.     

Word diversity can accelerate consensus in naming game

In this paper, we introduce word diversity that reflects the inhomogeneity of words in a communication into the naming game. Diversity is realized by assigning a weight factor to each word. The weight is determined by three different distributions (uniform, exponential, and power-law distributions). During the communication, the probability that a word is selected from speaker's memory depends on the introduced word diversity. Interestingly, we find that the word diversity following three different distributions can remarkably promote the final convergency, which is of high importance in the self-organized system. In particular, for all the ranges of amplitude of distribution, the power-law distribution enables the fastest consensus, while uniform distribution gives the slowest consensus. We provide an explanation of this effect based on both the number of different names and the number of total names, and find that a wide spread of names induced by the segregation of words is the main promotion factor. Other quantities, including the evolution of the averaging success rate of negotiation and the scaling behavior of consensus time, are also studied. These results are helpful for better understanding the dynamics of the naming game with word diversity.     

Estimating the bound for the generalized Lorenz system

A chaotic system is bounded, and its trajectory is confined to a certain region which is called the chaotic attractor. No matter how unstable the interior of the system is, the trajectory never exceeds the chaotic attractor. In the present paper, the sphere bound of the generalized Lorenz system is given, based on the Lyapunov function and the Lagrange multiplier method. Furthermore, we show the actual parameters and perform numerical simulations.     

Influence of local environment on the intensity of the localized surface plasmon polariton of Ag nanoparticles

A combined Ag nanoparticle with an insulating or conductive layer structure has been designed for molecular detection using surface enhanced Raman scattering microscopy. Optical absorption studies revealed localized surface plasmon resonance, which shows regular red shift with increasing environmental dielectric constant. With the combined structure of surface enhanced Raman scattering substrates and rhodamine 6G as a test molecule, the results in this paper show that the absorption has a linear relationship with the local electromagnetic field for insulating substrates, and the electrical property of the substrate has a non-negligible effect on the intensity of the local electromagnetic field and hence the Raman enhancement.     

硅烷浓度对微晶硅太阳电池的影响

采用甚高频等离子化学气相沉积技术(VHF-PECVD)制备了系列p-i-n型微晶硅太阳电池,研究了电池有源层硅烷浓度的变化对电池性能的影响.结果发现:随着硅烷浓度的提高电池的短路电流密度先提高然后降低,转换效率与之有相同的变化趋势,而开路电压随硅烷浓度的提高而增加,这些变化来源于有源层材料结构的改变.电池的填充因子几乎不受硅烷浓度的影响,但受前电极的影响很大.不同系列电池转化效率的最高点虽然处于非晶到微晶的过渡区,但对应电池的晶化率不同.另外,研究结果也给出非晶/微晶过渡区随着辉光功率的提高和沉积气压的降低向高硅烷浓度方向转移.