Micromegas探测器计数曲线、增益以及能量分辨特性的研究

介绍了自行研制的Micromegas探测器的基本结构和工作原理. 在不同工作气体(Ar和CO₂)配比条件下,利用⁵⁵Fe放射源对该探测器的能量分辨、计数曲线和气体增益等特性进行了较为详尽的测试. 对相关结果进行了讨论. 关键词： Micromegas探测器 计数曲线 能量分辨率 增益     

Study of n-γ discrimination for 0.4-1 MeV neutrons using the zero-crossing method with a BC501A liquid scintillation detector

An experimental system aimed at n-γ discrimination using the zero-crossing method with a φ3’’×2’’ BC501A liquid scintillation detector was established and tested with an Am-Be neutron source. Two-dimensional plots of energy versus zero-crossing time were obtained. The quality of n-γ discrimination was checked by the figure-of-merit (FOM), the neutron peak-to-valley ratio, and the proportion of leaked neutrons over all neutron events. The performance of n-γ discrimination in terms of FOM was compared with previous work done by other groups. The n-γ discrimination in four different energy regions with an interval of 0.1 MeV between 0.3 MeV and 0.7 MeV was studied, and the results indicate that the n-γ discrimination threshold can go down to 0.4 MeV.     

First-principles study of the electronic and optical properties of the （Y,N）-codoped anatase TiO2 photocatalyst

First-principles plane-wave pseudopotential calculations are performed to study the geometrical structures,formation energies,and electronic and optical properties of Y-doped,N-doped,and(Y,N)-codoped TiO 2.The calculated results show that Y and N codoping leads to lattice distortion,easier separation of photogenerated electron-hole pairs and band gap narrowing.The optical absorption spectra indicate that an obvious red-shift occurs upon Y and N codoping,which enhances visible-light photocatalytic activity.     

First-principles study of the electronic and optical properties of the (Y, N)-codoped anatase TiO2 photocatalyst

First-principles plane-wave pseudopotential calculations are performed to study the geometrical structures, formation energies, and electronic and optical properties of Y-doped, N-doped, and (Y, N)-codoped TiO₂. The calculated results show that Y and N codoping leads to lattice distortion, easier separation of photogenerated electron-hole pairs and band gap narrowing. The optical absorption spectra indicate that an obvious red-shift occurs upon Y and N codoping, which enhances visible-light photocatalytic activity.     

~(133)Ba面源效率转移法刻度~(133)Xe气体源HPGe探测效率

提出使用面源进行效率转移法刻度133 Xe气体体源的探测效率。使用133 Ba面源模拟刻度放射性133 Xe气体体源的探测效率,在刻度的过程中利用137 Cs与133Ba的峰效率比值及133 Ba面源远端无符合相加效应,137 Cs能峰远近都无符合相加效应等,结合软件模拟建立远近距离峰效率比值的关系,来解决133 Ba的符合相加效应。最后,使用面源效率转移法进行气体体源效率刻度,转移法刻度结果和面源模拟法刻度计算值的偏差在±1%以内。     

基于闪烁体3D剂量测量系统中光场重聚焦位置的标定方法

放疗中基于闪烁体光场成像的3D剂量测量方法是,利用光场相机对射线在闪烁体沉积能量所产生的闪烁光进行拍照,给出每一个聚焦层的光分布后进行三维重建,进而得出剂量的三维分布。光场相机所获取图像的重聚焦位置影响闪烁光三维重建的准确性,作者提出利用棋盘格标定板进行重聚焦位置标定的方法。使用Lytro Illum光场相机拍摄置于已知位置的棋盘格标定板,经光场数据处理得到焦点堆栈序列,利用刃边法得到所有重聚焦像的高斯离焦参数σ,经比较后获得最小σ对应的重聚焦参数α,最终给出若干α和重聚焦位置的对应关系,最终完成重聚焦位置标定。与常用的刻度尺标定方法相比,高斯离焦参数减小2%～10%,有利于放疗3D剂量测量精度的提高。     

Study of n-γ discrimination in low energy range(above 40 keVee) by charge comparison method with a BC501A liquid scintillation detector

A VME-based experiment system for n-y discrimination using the charge comparison method was established.A data acquisition program for controlling the programmable modules and processing data online via VME64X bus was developed through the use of Lab VIEW.The two-dimensional(2D) scatter plots of the charge in the slow component vs.the total charge from ~(241)Am-Be and ~(252)Cf neutron sources are presented.The 2D scatter plots of the energy vs.the ratio of the charge in the slow component to the total charge of the pulses are also presented.The quality of n-γ discrimination was checked by the figure-of-merit,and the results showed good performance of n-γ discrimination at the low energy range.Neutrons and γ-rays were separated above 50 keVee(electron-equivalent energy).The quality of n-γ discrimination has been improved compared with others' results at five energies(150,250,350,450,550 keVee).     

Experimental studies of THGEM in different Ar/CO2 mixtures

In this paper, the performance of a type of domestic THGEM （THick Gaseous Electron Multiplier） working in Ar/CO2 mixtures is reported in detail. This kind of single THGEM can provide a gain range from 100 to 1000, which is very suitable for application in neutron detection. In order to study its basic characteristics as a reference for the development of a THGEM based neutron detector, the counting rate plateau, the energy resolution and the gain of the THGEM have been measured in different Ar/CO2 mixtures with a variety of electrical fields. For the Ar/CO2（90%/10%） gas mixture, a wide counting rate plateau is achieved from 720 V to 770 V, with a plateau slope of 2.4%/100 V, and an excellent energy resolution of about 22% is obtained at the 5.9 keV full energy peak of the 55Fe X-ray source.     

整体柱和填充柱离子对色谱-间接紫外检测法分析四乙基铵根离子

建立了整体柱离子对色谱-间接紫外检测和填充柱离子对色谱-间接紫外检测分析四乙基铵根离子的两种方法。用反相整体柱和反相填充柱,以咪唑离子液体-离子对试剂-有机溶剂为流动相,研究了背景紫外吸收试剂、检测波长、离子对试剂、有机溶剂、柱温和流速对测定四乙基铵根离子的影响,比较了两种色谱柱的差异,并讨论了保留规律。在优化的实验条件下,两种方法测定四乙基铵根离子的保留时间分别是2.40和3.02 min;检出限分别是0.04和0.07 mg/L;峰面积的相对标准偏差分别是0.16%和0.11%;保留时间的相对标准偏差分别是0.02%和0.01%。将这两种方法用于分析实验室合成的溴化四乙基铵离子液体,加标回收率分别为98.2%和99.1%。两种方法均能满足四乙基铵根离子测定的需要。     

不同煤岩成分的焦煤萃取后FTIR特征研究

为了研究不同煤岩成分煤萃取后的化学组成变化特征,选取平顶山焦煤作为研究对象,采用四氢呋喃(THF)、二硫化碳(CS₂)、醋酸(HAc)等有机溶剂对煤样进行索氏萃取;借助于柱层析法、傅里叶变换红外光谱法等手段,对溶剂萃取后煤样的萃取率、族组分及特征官能团进行了计算和分析。研究表明：镜煤的萃取率最高,其次是亮煤、暗煤;相比而言,有机溶剂CS₂对煤样的萃取率最高,THF的萃取率高于有机酸HAc;萃取物中,镜煤、亮煤、暗煤的总烃类含量依次减小,非烃类组分含量依次增大,THF溶剂萃取后以沥青质含量最高,CS₂溶剂萃取后以饱和烃含量最高;镜煤的脂肪烃及含氧官能团含量最高,脂肪结构参数I₄最大,芳构化程度参数I₂最小,芳/脂比最小,而暗煤最大。萃取后,脂肪烃及含氧官能团含量较原煤均出现不同程度的减少,以镜煤最为明显,暗煤萃余物的芳烃含量最多,芳构化程度参数I₂最大,芳/脂比最大。其中,CS₂溶剂萃取后,煤中的富氧程度降低最为明显,而THF对与氢键缔合的-OH,-NH,酚类等官能团及脂肪烃溶解性最好。