SAPO-34和SAPO-44分子筛上吸附甲醇的TPSR-MS研究

 采用程序升温表面反应-质谱(TPSR-MS)和程序升温脱附(TPD)技术考察了SAPO-34和SAPO-44分子筛表面的酸性与其催化甲醇转化为低碳烯烃性能的关系. 结果表明,SAPO分子筛表面存在两种活性中心,这两种活性中心与分子筛表面不同的酸性中心相对应. 表面吸附的甲醇在不同强度的酸性中心上进行不同的反应,在弱酸中心上主要进行甲醇脱水生成二甲醚的反应,在强酸中心上主要进行二甲醚进一步转化为低碳烯烃的反应. 同时,探讨了SAPO分子筛表面的酸强度对低碳烯烃生成温度的影响.     

关于一种形象化的计算方法

对量子力学中的一种常见计算进行了形象化的改进处理．     

离子色谱-双阳极电化学氢化物发生-原子荧光光谱法测定Ⅰ型牙髓失活材料中的砷形态

将自制的双阳极电化学氢化物发生器作为离子色谱与原子荧光光谱的联用接口,建立了离子色谱-双阳极电化学氢化物发生-原子荧光光谱法在线分析砷形态系统.最佳实验条件为淋洗液6.0 mmol/L NH4H2PO4(pH 6.20),电解液0.40 mol/L H2SO4,电解液流量为阳极4.0 mL/min,阴极 1.5 mL/min,电解电流密度0.50 A/cm.2,载气流量300 mL/min,屏蔽气流量500 mL/min,氢气流量80 mL/min.在优化的实验条件下,As(Ⅲ)、DMA、MMA的线性范围为5～200 μg/L、As(Ⅴ)的线性范围为10～200 μg/L,As(Ⅲ)、DMA、MMA和As(Ⅴ)检出限分别为3.04、4.27、3.97和9.30 μg/L(信噪比S/N=3).50 μg/L的As(Ⅲ)、DMA、MMA和As(Ⅴ)混合标准溶液平行进样7次,得到的色谱峰面积的相对标准偏差(RSD)分别为415%、3.08%、519%和3.62%.将该方法用于牙髓失活材料中的砷形态分析.     

Tunable wavelength filters using polymer long-period waveguide gratings based on metal-cladding directly defined technique

In this work, long-period waveguide grating-based tunable wavelength filters using organic–inorganic grafting poly(methyl methacrylate)(PMMA) materials are designed and fabricated by metal-cladding directly defined technique.The thermal stabilities and optical properties of the organic–inorganic grafting PMMA core materials are analyzed. Structures and performance parameters of the waveguide gratings and self-electrode heaters are designed and simulated. The contrast of the filter is about 15 d B and the resonant wavelength can be tuned by different electric powers applied to the metal-cladding self-electrode heaters. The temperature sensitivity is 3.5 nm/℃ and the switching time is about 1 ms. The technique is very suitable for realizing the optoelectronic integrated wavelength-division-multiplexing systems.     

All polymer asymmetric Mach-Zehnder interferometer waveguide sensor by imprinting bonding and laser polishing

We present an all polymer asymmetric Mach–Zehnder interferometer(AMZI) waveguide sensor based on imprinting bonding and laser polishing method. The fabrication methods are compatible with high accuracy waveguide sensing structure. The rectangle waveguide structure of this sensor has three sensing surfaces contacting the test media, and its sensing accuracy can be increased 5 times compared with that of one surface sensing structure. An AMZI device structure is designed. The single mode condition, the length of the sensing arm, and the length deviation between the sensing arm and the reference arm are optimized. The length deviation is optimized to be 19.8 μm in a refractive index range between1.470 and 1.545. We fabricate the AMZI waveguide by lithography and wet etching method. The imprinting bonding and laser polishing method is proposed and investigated. The insertion loss is between-80.36 dB and-10.63 dB. The average and linear sensitivity are 768.1 d B/RIU and 548.95 dB/RIU, respectively. And the average and linear detection resolution of the sensor are 1.30×10~(-6) RIU(RIU: refractive index unit) and 1.82×10~(-5) RIU, respectively. This sensor has a fast and cost-effective fabrication process which can be used in the cases of requiring portability and disposability.     

热膨胀系数和磁性可调的Mn_(0.983)CoGe/环氧树脂复合材料北大核心CSCD

为解决环氧树脂(Epoxy)热膨胀系数较大、热导率较低的问题,我们通过固相反应法制备了巨负膨胀材料Mn_(0.983)CoGe,并将不同体积分数的Mn_(0.983)CoGe粉末(平均颗粒直径~10μm)均匀分散至Epoxy中,制备成Mn_(0.983)CoGe/Epoxy复合材料.研究结果表明仅需加入体积分数为22.5vol.%的Mn_(0.983)CoGe,复合材料即在267 K^320K的温度区间内呈现近零的热膨胀系数.并且,Mn_(0.983)CoGe/Epoxy复合材料的热导率也随着Mn_(0.983)CoGe填充量的增加而显著提升.例如当复合材料中Mn_(0.983)CoGe填充量为30vol.%时,其150K处的热导率提升近3倍.此外,我们还发现,在与Epoxy复合之后,由于受到Epoxy基体产生的应力的影响,Mn_(0.983)CoGe磁结构相变温区展宽,同时六角相到正交相的转化率也显著降低.     

基于随机抽样法的多群核数据不确定性影响分析

基于随机抽样方法,研究多群核数据不确定性对反应堆物理计算的影响。首先利用SCALE软件包中核数据协方差矩阵和自主开发的随机抽样模块SAMP,得到多群微观截面等核数据的抽样值,之后分别使用SCALE/TRITON和PARCS程序进行组件计算及堆芯稳态计算,最后通过统计分析得到组件和堆芯计算结果的不确定度。以Almaraz压水堆核电厂装载的燃料组件和首循环堆芯为对象,研究了不同燃耗下有效增殖因子、动力学参数、核素浓度和双群均匀化宏观截面等组件计算结果,以及堆芯功率分布等堆芯计算结果的不确定度。分析结果表明:组件计算结果不确定度多随燃耗变化,快群宏观截面不确定度总体高于热群;堆芯计算结果受核数据不确定性影响显著,其中稳态径向功率分布的最大不确定度为1.9%左右。     

胺基功能化的炭材料上二氧化碳吸附的密度泛函理论研究

本文利用色散作用校正的密度泛函理论研究了炭材料上含氮官能团对CO₂吸附的作用。通过计算比较了不同含氮官能团炭材料结构片段吸附二氧化碳后的结构参数和能量,由于较强的静电作用和形成弱氢键,含单个苯环的酰胺和吡啶类的吸附剂吸附二氧化碳的作用强于单个苯胺和吡咯类吸附剂。但当增加苯环数时,色散作用主导的吡咯型吸附剂的吸附能力显著增强。以上结果预示着酰胺和吡咯类将是大π体系中具有良好CO₂吸附性能的吸附剂。因而,色散作用在CO₂吸附过程中也占据着重要地位。计算得到的结果与我们之前的实验结果一致,并且将有利于筛选更有效的二氧化碳吸附剂。     

二维层状分子筛前驱体的合成、改性及催化应用

二维层状分子筛前驱体具有三维分子筛的层结构单元,具备母体分子筛的特性,其开放二维片层骨架结构给合成新分子筛以及基于其改性得到新衍生结构分子筛提供新机遇,是近年来分子筛研究领域一个新热点。大量二维片层前驱体可直接合成或通过三维分子筛后处理获得,基于二维片层前驱体人们发展了溶胀、剥层、柱撑、原子扩孔、层重组等层操纵的策略,通过这些策略一些常规方法难以合成或不符合理论规则的分子筛被合成出来,这极大地丰富了二维层状分子筛前驱体的研究领域,扩展了其应用范围。本文概述了二维层状分子筛前驱体的结构特点,系统总结了近年来二维层状分子筛前驱体的合成方法,在此基础上着重阐述了其改性获得新结构分子筛的新策略,并介绍了在多相催化反应中的应用。     

The 650-nm variable optical attenuator based on polymer/silica hybrid waveguide

Visible light variable optical attenuators(VOA) are essential devices in the application of channel power regulation and equalization in wavelength-division multiplexing cross-connect nodes in plastic optical fiber(POF) transmission systems.In this paper, a polymer/silica hybrid waveguide thermo–optic attenuator based on multimode interference(MMI) coupler is designed and fabricated to operate at 650 nm. The single-mode transmission condition, MMI coupler, and transition taper dimensions are optimized through the beam propagation method. Thermal analysis based on material properties provides the optimized heater placement angle. The fabricated VOA presents an attenuation of 26.5 dB with a 21-mW electrical input power at 650 nm. The rise time and fall time are 51.99 and 192 μs, respectively. The time–stability measurement results prove its working reliability.