晕核6He（25 MeV/u）在9Be上的破裂反应

25 MeV/u 6He+9Be反应的实验中利用多个探测器望远镜对反应产物进行了测量, 对实验中各个角度测量到的4He进行观察, 将其中两个有高能峰成分的探测器划分成三部分, 得到不同角度4He的单举能谱和破裂产生4He的微分截面. Different products of 6He nuclei from 9Be target has been measured with a 6He beam at energy of 25 MeV/u. The energy spectra at different angles for 4He isotope were analyzed and the experiment differential cross sections for the direct breakup reaction were obtained.     

Characteristics of a 4-fold segmented clover detectore

Four high-purity germanium 4-fold segmented Clover detectors have been applied in the experiment of neutron-rich nucleus 21N. The performance of those four Clovers have been tested with radioactive sources and in-beam experiments, and the main results including energy resolution, peak-to-total ratios, the variation of the hit pattern distribution in different crystals of one Clover detector with the energy of γ ray, and absolute full energy peak detection effciency curve, were presented.     

Preparations for the study on the cluster structure of 16C

In order to look for a proposed cluster structure of ¹⁶C, simulation work was made. The simulation of the reaction dynamics give the resolution of the excitation energy on ¹⁶C which was reconstructed prior to breakup. The excitation energy resolution is typically ~200 keV at 2 MeV above the two body decay threshold for ¹⁶C→¹²Be+⁴He. Moreover,some performances of detectors tested using ²⁴¹Am α source are also reported.     

双中子集团结构研究进展

回顾了晕核发现以来双中子集团结构的研究进展,分析了可能的发展方向。系统的理论研究表明, 在原子核的表面和低密度核物质中, 空间紧密关联的2n集团的出现是一个普遍的现象。 但在较重原子核表面出现2n集团的机制与核物质或轻晕核中的机制很不一样, 前者是由有限核的平均场造成的尺度效应（size effect）,而后者主要是由低密度下对相互作用（或对能隙）的增强造成的。另外,在轻晕核或有限核表面,2n集团的均方根半径与它们到核芯的距离（或背景密度）有关,最小值普遍可以达到2～3 fm,然而在核物质中2n集团最小只能到～5 fm。 实验方面,在重靶上的库仑激发强度, 能够比较准确地给出2n系统到核芯的平均距离。 但到目前为止尚没有有效的实验方法给出基态中两个中子之间的间距, 主要原因是中子发射过程中末态相互作用（共振态或虚粒子态）造成的两步过程的干扰, 这个问题在库仑激发破碎（重靶）或核作用破碎（轻靶）中都出现。“拖出”反应和敲出核芯反应是下一步可以考虑的路径。 双中子的关联测量通常效率比较低,尤其是需要有效排除中子串扰(CT)事件。为此, 需要发展特殊设计的中子关联测量装置, 在提高探测效率的同时,能够通过运动学关系以及其他方法有效排除中子CT信号。 在数据处理阶段,通过反复迭代给出的双中子关联函数, 经验证明是比较有效的关联状态表达方式, 从中可以直接提取出双中子分布均方根半径。 This article outlines the progress in the study of the di neutron structure in various systems. Systematic theoretical investigations reveal that di neutron structure is a general phenomenon appeared at nucleus surface and in low density nuclear matter. But the underline mechanism of forming di neutron clusters at the surface of heavier nuclei is quite different to that for light halo nuclei or at the low density nuclear matter, with the former being basically due to the so called “size effect” and the latter due to the enhanced pairing interaction. It is also realized that the RMS radii of the di neutron cluster at the surface of light halo nuclei or heavier finite nuclei varies with the distance from the center of nuclei (or background density) and may attain a minimum of about 2～3 fm, whereas that in the low density nuclear matter may only attain about 5 fm. From experimental side, Coulomb excitation caused by heavy targets provides a good way to extract the mean distance from the center of the neutron pair to the center of nucleus. But up to now it is still difficult to experimentally determine the distance between the two valence neutrons, due primarily to the final state interactions which lead to two step emission of neutrons via resonances or virtual intermediate states. This problem happens in both Coulomb and nuclear breakup processes. Possible ways to avoid this problem might come from experiments based on “towing mode” or core knockout reactions. Detection of two neutrons in coincidence often suffers from low efficiencies and the need to reject the cross talk events. Therefore it is important to develop specially designed multi neutron detection array to achieve high efficiency as well as good cross talk rejection performance using kinematics conditions. For data analysis, it was found that two neutron correlation function generated by iteration method is a good expression of the correlation situation, from which the RMS radii of the two neutron distribution may be deduced.     

通过中高能碎裂反应研究奇异核的结构

绍了中高能放射性核素碎裂反应实验的主要物理机制, 相应的实验探测装置, 以及从中可得到的放射性核素结构的信息, 提出可能的发展, 力求为兰州CSR上的外靶物理实验提供参考。 The main mechanism of radioactive nucleus reaction at intermediate and high energy as well as the corresponding experiment equipment are introduced. The structure information of the radioactive nucleus can be extracted from the experiments. At last, the possible experiments are proposed for the external target experiment at CSR of Lanzhou.     

中能区丰中子核11Li的反应总截面的测量

利用HIRFL提供的50MeV/u的¹³C束流轰击Be靶, 通过RIBLL选择出放射性核素¹¹Li. 实验采用透射法测量了25—45MeV/u的¹¹Li在²⁸Si靶上的反应总截面. 采用双参数Gauss密度分布形式, 利用Glauber模型很好地拟合了高能和中能区的¹¹Li实验数据, 并从密度分布中提取了核的物质均方根半径.     

透射法测量丰中子核8He的去中子截面

利用HIRFL提供的50MeV/u ¹³C束流轰击Be靶, 通过RIBLL选择出丰中子放射性核⁸He. 利用透射法测量了⁸He的去双中子截面和去四中子截面. 利用Ogawa等人的理论结合原有⁸He的反应总截面数据, 得到⁸He的核芯为⁴He的结论.     

Outline of the progress in the study of radioactive nuclear physics and super-heavy nuclei

We briefly introduce the current status and progress in the field of radioactive ion beam physics and the study of super-heavy nuclei. Some important problems and research directions are outlined, such as the sub-barrier fusion reaction, the direct reaction at Fermi energy and high energies, the property of nuclei at drip-lines, new magic numbers and new collective motion modes for unstable nuclei     

放射性核束物理研究中的一些热点问题

文章介绍了放射性核束物理的现状和进展,给出了一些目前热点的研究问题和方向,比如垒下融合反应、费米能区和高能区直接核反应、滴线核性质、非稳定核区的新幻数和新的集体运动模式等。