偶氮液晶聚合物中的非线性光致双折射

介绍了在偶氮液晶聚合物薄膜P-CN中发现的非线性光致双折射现象,给出了非线性光致双折射实验的具体结果.采用Z扫描技术验证了光致双折射的非线性过程本质,测量了P-CN介质薄膜的非线性吸收系数.讨论了光致双折射涉及的异构化微观机理,并在此基础上提出了非线性光光异构化实现光致双折射的方法 关键词： 液晶聚合物 光致双折射 光致异构化     

第三讲 化学稳定分子的激光减速、冷却及其MOT技术

文章首先介绍了分子激光减速和冷却的基本原理、技术方案及其最新进展,主要包括分子的选择、分子激光减速、分子激光冷却、电光冷却多原子分子等。接着简单介绍了分子磁光囚禁的基本原理、技术方案及其最新研究进展。最后,就分子“激光减速、冷却与磁光囚禁”的研究进行了简单的总结与展望。     

第一讲 中性分子的缓冲气体冷却与速度滤波技术

文章首先介绍缓冲气体冷却的基本原理、实验方案与结果及其最新研究进展。其次,详细介绍产生冷分子束的低通速度滤波器的基本原理、技术方案及其实验结果。主要包括基于静电弯曲导引技术的Stark速度滤波方案、基于静磁弯曲导引技术的Zeeman速度滤波方案和基于激光弯曲导引技术的交流Stark速度滤波方案。最后,简单介绍缓冲气体冷却和速度滤波技术的应用研究。     

数字图像相关方法中散斑图的质量评价研究

在利用数字图像相关方法测量物体表面变形时,被测物体表面必需覆盖有灰度随机分布的散斑场,该散斑场作为试件表面变形信息的载体随试件一起变形。在实际情况下,不同的散斑场会显示出完全不同的灰度分布特征,并对数字图像相关方法的测量结果有着重要影响。因此如何定量评价散斑图的优劣是数字图像相关方法中一个重要的基本问题,也是该方法的使用者非常关心的问题。基于最近数字图像相关方法基本理论研究的进展,本文提出平均灰度梯度这一新参数用于散斑图质量的评价。为证实该参数的有效性,本文对五幅明显不同的散斑图进行了精确平移,并将数字图像相关方法测量的位移与预加的平移量进行比较,分析了位移测量结果的均值误差和标准差。结果显示位移测量结果的均值误差和标准差均与散斑图的平均灰度梯度有关,一个好的散斑图应该具有较大的平均灰度梯度。     

自动网格法在轮胎橡胶力学行为测试中的应用

本文利用自动网格法光学测量技术的非接触、高精度以及可以获得全场变形信息等优点，建立了一套包含图像采集功能的载荷－变形同步测试,实验轮胎橡胶单向拉伸较大变形力学行为的测试。试验结果表明自动网格法适用于轮胎橡胶等软试件较大变形力学行为的测试，同时也验证了加和卸载过程中，胎面碳黑填充橡胶（以下简称胎面胶）具有明显的迟滞效应、Mullins效应以及残余变形；而纵横向平均应变的数据则有力的证明了在单向拉伸的较大变形范围内，胎面胶是可压缩的，且体积比随轴向拉伸应变增大而逐渐增大。     

原子反射镜及其应用

原子反射镜是人们从事原子光学实验研究的重要器件之一.本文将简单综述采用冷原子磁、光操控技术发展起来的诸如消逝波原子反射镜、半高斯光束原子反射镜、周期性磁化的磁带反射镜、周期性排列的永久磁铁反射镜和载流导线磁反射镜等各种原子反射镜的基本原理、实验方案及其最新进展,并就原子反射镜在原子光学实验中的应用作一简单介绍.     

Electrostatic surface guiding of cold polar molecules with a single charged wire

This paper proposes a scheme to guide cold polar molecules by using a single charged wire half embanked in an insulating substrate and a homogeneous bias electric field, which is generated by a plate capacitor composed of two infinite parallel metal plates. The spatial distributions of the electrostatic field produced by the combination of the charged wire and the plate capacitor and the corresponding Stark potentials (including dipole forces) for metastable CO molecules are calculated, the relationships between the electric field and the parameters of our charged-wire layout are analysed. It also studies the influences of the insulator on the electric field distribution and the discharge effect. This study shows that the proposed scheme can be used to guide cold polar molecules in the weak-field -- seeking states, and to form various molecule-optical elements, such as molecular funnel, molecular beam-splitters and molecule interferometer, even to construct a variety of integrated molecule-optical elements and their molecule chips.     

Adiabatic cooling for cold polar molecules on a chip using a controllable high-efficiency electrostatic surface trap

We propose a controllable high-efficiency electrostatic surface trap for cold polar molecules on a chip by using two insulator-embedded charged rings and a grounded conductor plate. We calculate Stark energy structure pattern of ND3 molecules in an external electric field using the method of matrix diagonalization. We analyze how the voltages that are applied to the ring electrodes affect the depth of the efficient well and the controllability of the distance between the trap center and the surface of the chip. To obtain a better understanding, we simulate the dynamical loading and trapping processes of ND3 molecules in a ｜J, KM = ｜1,-1 state by using classical Monte–Carlo method. Our study shows that the loading efficiency of our trap can reach ～ 88%. Finally, we study the adiabatic cooling of cold molecules in our surface trap by linearly lowering the potential-well depth（i.e., lowering the trapping voltage）, and find that the temperature of the trapped ND3 molecules can be adiabatically cooled from 34.5 m K to ～ 5.8 m K when the trapping voltage is reduced from-35 k V to-3 k V.     

Electrostatic surface trap for cold polar molecules on a chipElectrostatic surface trap for cold polar molecules on a chipElectrostatic surface trap for cold polar molecules on a chip

We propose a simple scheme for trapping cold polar molecules in low-field seeking states on the surface of a chip by using a grounded metal plate and two finite-length charged wires that half embanked in an insulating suhstrate, calculate the electric field distributions generated by our charged-wire layout in free space and the corresponding Stark potentials for ND3 molecules, and analyze the dependence of the trapping center position on the geometric parameters. Moreover, the loading and trapping processes of cold ND3 molecules are studied by using the Monte Carlo method. Our study shows that the loading efficiency of the trap scheme can reach 11.5%, and the corresponding temperature of the trapped cold molecules is about 26.4 inK.     

第四讲 冷分子的导引、分束、反射、聚焦与囚禁等操控技术

近年来,随着冷分子制备技术的不断发展和冷分子温度的不断降低,冷分子操控技术取得了快速发展, 并日趋成熟。文章首先介绍了冷分子导引、分束、反射与聚焦等操控的技术方案、实验结果及其最新研究进展。接着重点介绍冷分子静电囚禁、磁囚禁和光学囚禁的各种方案、实验结果及最新进展。最后就冷分子操控技术的应用进行了简单的总结与展望。