ZAO透明导电薄膜微观结构和光电性能的研究

以ZnAl2O4陶瓷靶为靶材,采用射频磁控溅射法制备了掺铝氧化锌(ZAO)透明导电薄膜,通过XRD、SEM、四探针仪和分光光度计等测试,研究了沉积温度对薄膜结构、形貌、力学和光电性能的影响.结果表明:ZAO具有(002)择优取向的六角纤锌矿结构,沉积温度对薄膜性能具有明显影响,当温度位于370～ 400℃区间时,薄膜的结晶质量较好、电阻率较低、可见光波段的平均透射率较高,其品质因数大于1.20×10-2S,具有良好的光电综合性能.同时基于透射光谱计算了ZAO薄膜的光学常数,并用有效单振子理论解释了薄膜的折射率色散关系.     

生物材料表面性能调控骨髓间充质干细胞分化

结合细胞和生物可降解支架的组织工程和再生医学技术为组织、器官的修复和再生提供了一种新途径。骨髓间充质干细胞(BMSCs)具有多向分化潜能,因其取材简单、来源广泛、增殖能力强,无伦理争议,免疫排斥反应小而备受关注。BMSCs在特定区域定向分化成为靶细胞是干细胞治疗的一个重要前提,尤其受到生物材料表面正负电荷、亲疏水和不同的拓扑结构的影响。材料表面涂层蛋白或接枝多肽能够促进BMSCs的分化能力,而生物材料不同的机械性能、几何形状也会影响BMSCs的分化方向。本文综述了近期生物材料调控BMSCs分化的研究结果,为基于BMSCs的组织工程和再生医学材料的设计提供借鉴和指导。     

Ni-Zn铁氧体的制备及其电磁性能

采用氧化物法工艺制备了NixZn1-xFe2O4(x=0.3,0.4,0.5,0.6,0.7)多晶铁氧体,探讨研究了其结构、电学性能和磁学性能.样品的相结构和电磁性能分别采用x射线衍射仪(XRD)、振动样品磁强计(VSM)、阻抗分析仪等进行表征.研究结果表明:随着Ni2+离子含量的增加,样品的饱和磁化强度逐渐增大,而样品的晶格常数和介电常数值却逐渐减小.Ni0.7Zn0.3Fe2O4烧结铁氧体样品的介电损耗角正切表现出了正常的介电行为,其它的NixZn1-xFe2O4烧结铁氧体样品均有峰值出现,表现出了异常的介电行为.     

两球形颗粒间横向毛细力的格子Boltzmann研究

采用以Shan-Chen多组分模型为基础的格子Boltzmann-伪固体模型对两颗粒间的浮体和浸润横向毛细力展开数值模拟研究,其中流体-固体间的相互作用及颗粒润湿性质在介观层次上采用简单形式得以充分考虑．三维测试表明,与已有理论解相比,成功再现了横向毛细力与颗粒间距的“1/L”关系,并确认了浸润横向毛细力与表面张力间的线性关系．这表明可进一步应用该模型研究横向毛细力作用下的颗粒自聚集等现象.     

三维计算断裂力学

断裂力学理论从1921年Griffith研究玻璃的脆性断裂问题开始,经历了从线弹性体系到弹塑性以及蠕变理论体系、从单参数到多参数体系和从理想的二维平面理论到实际三维含裂纹结构的三维断裂理论的发展历程。针对应力强度因子K和J积分以及C(t)积分的计算方法从理想化模型的理论计算发展到实际复杂工程结构裂纹体计算的各种商业软件平台以及专业的断裂理论分析平台。尤其是随着计算机技术的发展,对三维含裂结构的静态和扩展裂纹的计算模拟已经能够融入计算机辅助设计。结合本研究组近30年来在三维疲劳断裂理论和应用研究方面的体会,简述了三维计算断裂力学从裂纹体应力应变分析和断裂参数计算到三维蠕变断裂和疲劳裂纹扩展模拟的国内外进展,并对涉及的计算方法,包括原子尺度和跨尺度的计算模拟,以及目前面临的挑战性问题作了简要介绍和分析。     

Structural optimization and segregation behavior of quaternary alloy nanoparticles based on simulated annealing algorithm

Alloy nanoparticles exhibit higher catalytic activity than monometallic nanoparticles, and their stable structures are of importance to their applications. We employ the simulated annealing algorithm to systematically explore the stable structure and segregation behavior of tetrahexahedral Pt–Pd–Cu–Au quaternary alloy nanoparticles. Three alloy nanoparticles consisting of 443 atoms, 1417 atoms, and 3285 atoms are considered and compared. The preferred positions of atoms in the nanoparticles are analyzed. The simulation results reveal that Cu and Au atoms tend to occupy the surface, Pt atoms preferentially occupy the middle layers, and Pd atoms tend to segregate to the inner layers. Furthermore, Au atoms present stronger surface segregation than Cu ones. This study provides a fundamental understanding on the structural features and segregation phenomena of multi-metallic nanoparticles.     

Compensation of body shake errors in terahertz beam scanning single frequency holography for standoff personnel screening

In the terahertz(THz) band, the inherent shake of the human body may strongly impair the image quality of a beam scanning single frequency holography system for personnel screening. To realize accurate shake compensation in imaging processing, it is quite necessary to develop a high-precision measure system. However, in many cases, different parts of a human body may shake to different extents, resulting in greatly increasing the difficulty in conducting a reasonable measurement of body shake errors for image reconstruction. In this paper, a body shake error compensation algorithm based on the raw data is proposed. To analyze the effect of the body shake on the raw data, a model of echoed signal is rebuilt with considering both the beam scanning mode and the body shake. According to the rebuilt signal model, we derive the body shake error estimated method to compensate for the phase error. Simulation on the reconstruction of point targets with shake errors and proof-of-principle experiments on the human body in the 0.2-THz band are both performed to confirm the effectiveness of the body shake compensation algorithm proposed.     

非光滑多目标分式规划的对偶条件

最优性问题在研究博弈理论、目标规划、最低风险问题等方面有重要应用,利用非光滑分析,定义了一类新的广义不变凸函数,研究了涉及此类函数的多目标半无限分式规划问题, 得到了参数对偶问题的弱对偶和严格逆对偶条件,在新的凸性下得到了一些重要结论.     

空气有害气体监测演示系统

设计和制作了空气常见有害气体的监测演示实验系统,介绍了有害气体实时监测的原理和过程.实验结果表明:监测结果迅速、准确,并提供了友好的人机交互界面和报警系统.