电动汽车热泵空调系统低温供热实验研究

针对电动汽车热泵空调系统低温供热时性能衰减及融霜效率低的问题,设计了适应于低温供热的热泵空调系统循环,对影响系统性能的各因素进行了实验研究。该系统匹配良好,能适应热泵系统在低温环境下供热。采用合理的控制方法调节系统,能为电动汽车提供良好的乘坐环境。     

无反射势阱的Schr?dinger方程的精确解

将无反射势阱的Schr?dinger方程作自变量双曲函数变换,可使其转化为associated-Legendre方程。从而得到分别用associated-Legendre多项式和函数表示的束缚态和散射态本征函数,并讨论了散射态的归一化和这种精确本征函数的应用问题。本文给出的解较文献中已有的渐近解或特殊值的解具有一般性。 关键词：     

Dynamical Transport Property through an Interacting Quantum Wire

Using the equation of motion, we investigate theoretically the dynamical ac conductance of a clean Luttingerliquid quantum wire adiabatically coupled to Fermi liquid electron reservoirs in the presence of short-ranged electron-electron interactions. For a perfect single mode quantum wire, in the limit of zero-ranged interaction we conclude that the static dc conductance of ω → 0 is e^2 /h, which is independent of the electron interactions. While in the dynamical case of ω≠0, the ac conductance oscillates with the amplitude e^2/h and the period which depends on the interaction strength and the driving frequency as well as the position in the wire.     

Confined states and spin polarization on a topological insulator thin film modulated by an electric potential

We study the electronic structure and spin polarization of the surface states of a three-dimensional topological insulator thin film modulated by an electrical potential well. By routinely solving the low-energy surface Dirac equation for the system, we demonstrate that confined surface states exist, in which the electron density is almost localized inside the well and exponentially decayed outside in real space, and that their subband dispersions are quasilinear with respect to the propagating wavevector. Interestingly, the top and bottom surface confined states with the same density distribution have opposite spin polarizations due to the hybridization between the two surfaces. Along with the mathematical analysis, we provide an intuitive, topological understanding of the effect.     

Electronic states and spin-filter effect in three-dimensional topological insulator Bi_2Se_3 nanoribbons

We study the electronic band structure, density distribution, and transport of a Bi_2Se_3 nanoribbon. We find that the density distribution of the surface states is dependent on not only the shape and size of the transverse cross section of the nanoribbon, but also the energy of the electron. We demonstrate that a transverse electric field can eliminate the coupling between surface states on the walls of the nanoribbon, remove the gap of the surface states, and restore the quantum spin Hall effects. In addition, we study the spin-dependent transport property of the surface states transmitting from top and bottom surfaces(x-y plane) to the side surfaces(z-x plane) of a Bi_2Se_3 nanoribbon. We find that transverse electric fields can open two surface channels for spin-up and-down Dirac electrons, and then switch off one channel for the spin-up Dirac electron. Our results may provide a simple way for the design of a spin filter based on topological insulator nanostructures.     

双热源型复叠式高温热泵系统性能研究

设计了以热源型冷凝蒸发器为核心部件的双热源复叠式高温热泵系统,该复叠式高温热泵系统能够同时对中、低温两种热源进行复合利用。搭建了试验台,按照国家标准规定的高温热泵的额定供热工况对系统性能进行了实验研究。研究结果表明,低温热源工况不变时,随着中温热源进口温度、流量的升高,复叠式高温热泵系统性能均呈升高趋势,但与中温热源流量的升高相比,中温热源进口温度的升高对复叠式高温热泵系统性能的改善程度较大,为复叠式高温热泵技术的高效化提供了借鉴作用。     

Spin-dependent transport for a two-dimensional electron gas with magnetic barriers

The spin-dependent conductance and magnetoresistance ratio (MRR) for a semiconductor heterostructures consisting of two magnetic barriers with different height and space have been investigated by the transfer-matrix method. It is shown that the splitting of the conductance for parallel and antiparallel magnetization configurations results in tremendous spin-dependent MRR, and the maximal MRRs reach 5300\% and 3800\% for the magnetic barrier spaces W=81.3 and 243.9~nm, respectively. The obtained spin-filtering transport property of nanostructures with magnetic barriers may be useful to magnetic-barrier-based spintronics.     

椭圆形百叶窗翅片传热强化数值分析

提出了一种新型椭圆形百叶窗翅片,采用CFD方法对其阻力特性及传热特性进行了模拟研究,并与传统矩形百叶窗翅片进行比较,分析了雷诺数对两种结构内流体的流动与传热性能的影响,同时对两种结构内流场与温度场的协同性也进行了研究。结果表明:新提出的椭圆形百叶窗翅片与矩形百叶窗翅片相比,阻力因子f降低了16%~20%,传热因子j提高了5%~7%,且雷诺数Re在225.7~451.3范围内,椭圆形翅片综合评价因子j/f1/3比矩形百叶窗翅片的提高了11%~15%,且椭圆形百叶窗翅片的速度与温度场的协同性优于矩形百叶窗翅片,椭圆形百叶窗翅片的综合换热性能高于矩形百叶窗翅片。     

L型混沌流道流动与传热特性的数值分析

采用周期性模型对L型混沌流道内流体流动与传热性能进行数值模拟,并与普通平直流道相对比,分析得到了两种流道内流体流场与温度场分布的细观信息,同时还讨论了不同Re数对混沌流道内流体传热与流动的影响。设计制作了测试流体流动性能的冷模试验装置,采用激光多普勒测速仪对L型混沌流道中流道内特殊点的速度进行测量,并将试验测量结果与数值模拟计算结果进行对比。结果标明:试验测量结果与数值模拟计算结果总体变化趋势基本一致,主流方向上速度相对误差最大为13.8%,在工程允许的误差范围之内,由此验证了数值模拟计算的可靠性。     

太阳能辅助空气源热泵空调低温特性研究

为了改善和提高空气源热泵空调冬季低温环境下的工作性能,设计了以翅片-套管复合式换热器为核心部件,以太阳能低温热水作为辅助热源的太阳能辅助空气源热泵空调,并对该热泵空调进行了低温工况性能测试。实验结果证明,当室外环境温度低至-15℃时,太阳能辅助空气源热泵空调与单一空气源热泵空调相比,系统性能得到明显改善,COP提高50%以上。