Z箍缩Al等离子体发射谱的非局域平衡模拟

采用FAC (flexible atomic code)程序, 在细致能级层次计算等离子体原子结构参数和等离子体中各种原子物理过程的基础上, 建立了等离子体中各种能级布居的速率方程, 其中考虑了等离子体中各种原子物理过程的影响. 通过求解基于细致能级的速率方程, 计算了Z箍缩产生的Al等离子体辐射的细致能谱结构, 对实验谱进行了辨认和归类, 并对实验测量谱的成分做了简单分析. 关键词： Z箍缩 细致能级 非局域热动平衡 速率方程     

Generalized Pseudospectral Method for Solving the Time-Dependent Schrodinger Equation Involving the Coulomb Potential

We present an accurate and efficient generalized pseudospectral method for solving the time-dependent Schrodinger equation for atomic systems interacting with intense laser fields. In this method, the time propagation of the wave function is calculated using the well-known second-order split-operator method implemented by the numerically exact, fast transform between the grid and spectral representations. In the grid representation, the radial coordinate is discretized using the Coulomb wave discrete variable representation （CWDVR）, and the angular dependence of the wave function is expanded in the Gauss-Legendre-Fourier grid. In the spectral representation, the wave function is expanded in terms of the eigenfunctions of the field-free zero-order Hamiltonian. Calculations on the high order harmonic generation and ionization dynamics of hydrogen atom in strong laser pulses are presented to demonstrate the accuracy and efficiency of the present method. This new algorithm will be found more computationally attractive than the close-coupled wave packet method using CWDVR and/or methods based on evenly spaced grids.     

数值求解三维含时Schrodinger方程及其应用

发展了一套高精度、高效率的伪谱方法,以非微扰的方式求解真实原子三维含时Schrodinger方程.该方法选用二阶劈裂算符作为时间演化算子,分别选择能谱表象和坐标表象作为含时波函数演化的两个表象.在坐标表象下波函数的径向部分使用库仑波函数离散变量表象来离散;角向波函数展开在两维的Gauss-Legendre-Fourier格点上.以H原子的光激发和光电离过程为例,进行了数值计算并和解析解进行了比对.结果表明二者符合很好.该方法很好地处理了库仑奇点问题.还计算了强激光辐照H原子的多光子电离过程,并和其他的数值方案进行了比较.结果表明,在计算收敛的前提下本方法计算效率更高.

Abstract：

We present an accurate and effective pseudospectral method for solving the three-dimensional time-dependent Schrodinger equation involving the Coulomb potential. In this method, the Hamiltonian is evaluated by exploiting the two representations of the wave function. One is a grid representation, in which the angular dependence of the wave function is expanded in a two-dimensional Gauss-Legendre-Fourier grid in the coordinate space of polar and azimuthal angles. The radial coordinate is discretized using a discrete variable representation constructed from the Coulomb wave function (CWDVR) . The other is a spectral representation, in which the wave function is expanded in a set of square integrable functions chosen as the eigenfunctions of a zero-order Hamiltonian. The time of propagation of the wave function is calculated using the well-known second-order split-operator method implemented through the transform between the grid and spectral representations. Calculations on the photo-absorption strength of hydrogen atom are presented to demonstrate the accuracy of present method in low energy limit by the time-dependent wave-packet propagation method. As another example, the present method is applied to multiphoton ionization of H atom. For a wide range of field parameters, ionization rates calculated using the present method are in excellent agreement with those from other accurate numerical calculations. The new algorithm will be found more efficient than the close coupled wave packet method using CWDVR and/or methods based on evenly spaced grids.     

化学气相沉积金刚石探测器测量软X射线能谱

金刚石具备高热导率、高电阻率、高击穿电场、大的禁带宽度、介电系数小、载流子迁移率高以及抗辐射能力强等特性,可作为已应用于惯性约束聚变(ICF)实验X射线测量的硅与X射线二极管的较好替代品.随着化学气相沉积(CVD)技术的发展,CVD金刚石受到人们越来越多的关注.文中利用拉曼谱仪和X射线衍射仪对1mm×1mm×2mm,1mm×1mm×3mm两种规格CVD金刚石完成品质检测后,完成了CVD金刚石X射线探测器的集成制作,并在8ps激光器和神光III原型装置上开展了探测器时间特性等性能研究.实验结果表明,整个探测器系统前沿响应时间可达60ps,半高全宽可达120ps,与X射线二极管探测系统时间特性一致.在神光Ⅲ原型装置实验中,没有观察到探测器对3ω0激光的响应,说明探测器具有好的抗干扰能力.其测得的温度曲线与软X射线能谱仪测量结果一致,实现了X射线能谱测量的初步应用.     

M带高能光子对发射谱诊断辐射场温度的影响

在稳态近似下通过求解速率方程分别计算了有无M带高能光子存在下,不同温度密度下Cl等离子体的离化度分布以及发射谱,研究了高能光子对等离子体发射谱的影响。研究发现:腔内混有的少量M带高能光子几乎不影响等离子体中重要的离化度分布,但是会激发或者电离各种离子的内壳层电子,从而对发射谱产生重要的影响。因此有M带高能光子存在时,用发射谱诊断等离子体温度时需要同时考虑温度、密度和M带高能光子对发射谱的影响。     

平均原子模型中Au元素自电离速率的计算

为了得到用于平均原子模型中的自电离速率,采用准相对论组态平均的方法系统计算了Au的不同电离度、不同自电离态的自电离速率,计算时使用的波函数由Cowan程序得到;通过组态到组态的自电离速率得到了nl层次的单电子自电离速率(初态平均、末态平均);在此基础上计算出了n层次的单电子自电离速率,这些数据可用于平均原子模型中自电离及其逆过程的计算。为了验证计算出的数据是否可靠,用细致能级层次的程序计算了部分数据点。通过比较和分析认为,除了少量高l的数据点计算得不够准确之外,当前的数据较为可靠,并用其它程序的计算结果对不准确的数据进行了替换。     

Equation of state for warm dense lithium: A first principles investigation

The quantum molecular dynamics based on the density functional theory has been adopted to simulate the equation of state for the shock compressed lithium. In contrary to some earlier experimental measurement and theoretical simulation,there is not any evidence of the ‘kink' in the Hugoniot curve in our accurate simulation. Throughout the shock compression process, only a simple solid-to-liquid melting behavior is demonstrated, instead of complicated solid–solid phase transitions. Moreover, the x-ray absorption near-edge spectroscopy has been predicted as a feasible way to diagnose the structural evolution of warm dense lithium in this density region.     

双通道凸面反射式弯晶谱仪的研制及应用

 为满足惯性约束聚变研究需要工作距离长、测谱范围宽的X射线诊断设备的独特要求,基于凸面反射几何原理研制了一台双通道弯晶谱仪。谱仪利用Si（111）及Qz（10－10）两种弯晶衍射X射线,并通过X射线CCD成功获得谱线图像,测谱范围从0.30 nm到0.65 nm。在激光装置原型诊断实验上得到应用。数据分析的结果证明实测谱线图像与理论模拟基本吻合。     

Ultrahigh-Pressure Equation of State for Copper at 0K

Based on the first-principles all-electron full-potential augmented-plane-wave plus local orbital method, an equation of state （EOS） at OK for copper up to 10000 GPa （10^8 bar） is presented. Our recommended EOS is in good agreement with the available experimental data. Furthermore, the agreement between theoretical EOS of hcp and fcc lattices at extremely compressed condition sets the foundation of spherical atom models for high density and high temperate plasmas.     

Mutual recombination in slow Si^＋ ＋ H^- collisions

This paper studies the process of mutual neutralization of Si^＋ and H^- ions in slow collisions within the multichannel Landau-Zener model. All important ionic-covalent couplings in this collision system are included in the collision dynamics. The cross sections for population of specific final states of product Si atom are calculated in the CM energy range 0.05 e∨/u-5 ke∨/u. Both singlet and triplet states are considered. At collision energies below -10 e∨/u, the most populated singlet state is Si（3p4p, ^1S0）, while for energies above -150e∨/u it is the Si（3p, 4p, ^1P1） state. In the case of triplet states, the mixed 3p4p（^3S1 ＋^3P0） states are the most populated in the entire collision energy range investigated. The total cross section exhibits a broad maximum around 200 300e∨/u and for ECM ≤ 10e∨/u it monotonically increases with decreasing the collision energy, reaching a value of 8 × 10^-13 cm^2 at ECM = 0.05 e∨/u. The ion-pair formation process in Si（3p^2 ^3PJ）＋H（1s） collisions has also been considered and its cross section in the considered energy range is very small （smaller than 10^-20 cm^2 in the energy region below 1 ke∨/u）.