氨基甲酸酯农药合成新途径的研究

自发现氨基甲酸酯化合物可以抑制神经突触接头处的乙酰胆碱酶,使乙酰胆碱不能正常代谢,神经持续兴奋导致昆虫死亡的毒杀机制确定之后,被开发为杀虫剂。由于它们具有高效、低残留特点,加之具有广泛的生物活性,因而符合当前世界农药开发的新导向。     

微波辐射法合成α-萘甲醚的研究

用微波辐射法合成α－萘甲醚，考察了不同条件对产率的影响，此法反应时间短，产率可达75％。     

次甲基硅SiH与H2X(X=O,S)反应的热力学及动力学性质研究

在量子化学对SiH与H₂O和H₂S反应计算的基础上,运用统计热力学和Wigner校正的Eyring过渡态理论,计算了上述两反应在200～2000 K温度范围内的热力学函数、平衡常数、频率因子A和速率常数随温度的变化。计算结果表明,两反应在低温下具有热力学优势,而在高温下具有动力学优势。比较两反应的计算结果发现,在相同的温度下,SiH与H₂O反应比SiH与H₂S反应放热较多,但速率常数却较小。SiH与H₂O反应和前文报道的SiH与HF反应的比较表明,SiH与H₂O反应放热较少,而且在相同温度下,速率常数也较小。     

中国化学会《化学知识丛书》编委会在桂林召开

为了开展化学知识的普及工作,中国化学会筹备组织了《化学知识丛书》编委会,并于1979年2月7日至12日在桂林召开了第一次工作会议。出席编委14人,列席4人。中国化学会副理事长王序同志参加了这次会议,他代表化学会理事会宣布聘请北京大学化学系主任张青莲同志担任《化学知识丛书》主编,袁翰青、胡秉方、胡亚东三同志担任副主编。丛书主编张青莲同志在开幕式上讲了话,与同时召开的物理、生物知识丛书编委工作会议的同志们交流了编写工作中的问题及设想。会上老专家,老教授与中青年科技人员认真、热烈地讨论了这套丛书的读者对象及编写体例,确定它是向具有高中以上文化程度的青年普及化学知识的中级科普读物,同时可供中等学校教师、科技人员和干部参     

A NEW PEAK (T_4) IN THE ~(13)C-NMR SPECTRUM OF POLYBUTADIENE

A new peak at 39.0 ppm in the ~(13)C-NMR spectrum of polybutadiene (PBD) was discovered. This peak is assigned to the fourth peak (T_4) of trans-1,4-sequence marked with an asterisk as shown in Fig. 3 in the text.The occurrence of T_4 carbon nuclei is strongly affected by their neighboring 1,2-units. So long as both contents of trans-1,4- and 1,2-units attain their proper amounts the peak (T_4) with appear in the ~(13)C-NMR spectrum of PBD.     

INTERACTION OF FORCED WAVE, FREE WAVE AND ZONAL FLOW (Ⅰ)——BIFURCATION OF THE EQUILIBRIA——BIFURCATION OF THE EQUILIBRIA

In this paper, two level quasi-geostrophic model is used to set up a simple nonlinear inter-action model including a near resonant forced wave component, a near baroclinically un-stable free wave and a zonal flow component. The dynamic mechanisms of the transition ofhigh and low index and index cycle are discussed. In the first part, the weak nonlinear problem with near baroclinic instability and nearresonant forcing are analysed. The simple periodic solution resulting from bifurcation ofHadley cell to Rossby transient wave and the more complicated solutions resulting from thebifurcation of the wave equilibria to mixed state with both forced stationary wave and tran-sient wave are discussed.     

THE INTERACTION BETWEEN FORCED WAVE,FREE WAVE AND ZONAL FLOW(Ⅱ)——QU ALITATIVE ANALYSIS FOR THE TRANSITION AND oSCILLATION OF HIGH AND LOW INDEXES

In this second part, the so-called "discontinuous vibration analysing" method is used to discuss the qualitative features of the solutions in the system set up in Part I. The system and the phase space are divided into two subsystems and two subspaces, which are corresponding to the slow and fast varying processes respectively. The qualitative vector field and trajectories for solutions are analysed and the mechanisms for the transition and nonuniform oscillation of high and low indexes are discussed.     

E,E-1,4-二[2′,2″-(苯并噁唑基乙烯基)]苯及其衍生物的合成和光性能研究

合成了E,E-1,4-二[2′,2″-(苯并(口恶)唑基乙烯基)]苯及衍生物共14种,测定了它们的熔点、红外光谱、核磁共振氢谱、紫外吸收光谱和荧光发射光谱、荧光量子产率及激光性能。     

基于G-四链体-氯化血红素DNA酶比色法测定银离子和汞离子传感器的构筑

利用G-四链体DNA(5′-CTGGGAGGGAGGGAGGGA-3′)与氯化血红素结合形成G-四链体-Hemin DNA酶,其能高效催化H_2O_2氧化反应底物由无色变为绿色,当溶液中有Ag~+或Hg~(2+)存在时会阻碍该DNA酶的形成,导致绿色溶液变浅。基于此,建立了比色法测定Ag~+和Hg~(2+)的传感器。在最佳实验条件下,溶液的吸光度与Ag~+和Hg~(2+)浓度分别在100.0～1 000.0 nmol/L和80.0～800.0 nmol/L范围内具有良好的线性关系,检出限(3δ/Slope)分别为55.9 nmol/L和64.3 nmol/L。该方法具有较好的选择性,采用该方法对实际样品进行测试,结果满意。     

1,4-二(苯并噁唑-1,3-基-2)苯及其5,5′-二取代衍生物的合成和光性能

合成了1,4-二(苯并噁唑-1,3-基-2) 苯及其5,5′-二取代衍生物共10个化合物,测定了它们的熔点、紫外吸收光谱、荧光发射光谱、红外光谱、荧光量子产率和激光性能.