自然循环回路内芯片的强化沸腾换热研究

针对电子器件的高效冷却问题,对自然循环回路系统内表面加工有方柱形微结构的硅片上FC-72的强化沸腾换热性能进行了实验研究.测试了两个芯片,其表面上的方柱形微结构的边长均为30μm,但高度分别为60 μm和200 μm.沸腾介质的过冷度设为10 K、25 K和35 K.随着壁面过热度的增加,微结构表面芯片上的热流密度急剧增加且临界热流密度时芯片的表面温度低于芯片回路正常工作的临界上限温度85℃,这与其在池沸腾换热中的特点一样.但临界热流密度值与池沸腾情况相比有所降低.     

基于C语言的等效电子耦合原子态的编程计算

详述了用turboc2.0编程计算等效电子LS耦合原子态的方法,并给出了计算nf5电子组态的LS耦合原子态的具体程序.     

等离子体催化耦合重整生物质燃气研究

采用分步浸溃法制备了Ni-Mg整体式催化剂,加入萘作为焦油模型化合物考察了低温等离子体耦合催化重整生物质粗燃气的性能,研究了放电条件及反应温度对催化重整制备合成气的调变作用.结果表明:高压高频放电产生等离子体耦合催化重整,对重整净化生物质粗燃气有明显效果.在重整温度为750℃,放电频率为22 kHz时CH4的转化率可由催化重整时的86%提高到94%左右,放电条件下可以将合成气的H2/CO比由1.06提高至1.15.温度对耦合重整影响较为显著,CH4、CO2的转化率均随温度的升高而升高,最高可分别达到94%和89%.加入脉冲电晕后生物质粗燃气中的焦油等复杂有机化合物的转化率达到99%以上.     

高压隔离电参数测量的新方法

介绍了用铌酸锂(LiNbO₃)高速光强度调制器测量HL-2A装置ECRH系统高压隔离电参数的新方法,测量结果表明：隔离100kV高压的响应时间小于0.1μs,线性误差小于1%,并对器件存在的问题和实际应用的可行性进行了分析。     

基于小波的超声斑纹噪声抑制与对比度增强

提出了一种基于小波变换的降低超声图像斑纹噪声,同时完成对比度增强的非线性处理新方法。斑纹噪声属于乘性噪声,是造成超声图像质量退化的主要原因,采用Jain提出的斑纹噪声模型,完成对数化处理后的超声图像的小波变换,然后在最细分辨级上完成小波变换系数的软阈值方法处理,而在中间分辨级上采用硬阈值方法处理,并采用GAG特性曲线对图像细节特征进行增强。算法在预处理阶段还采用了平滑滤波器对最粗分辨级的平滑小波系数进行滤波,以减少脉冲能量对处理结果的干扰。对多幅超声图象的实验结果显示,相对于现有的去噪方法,该方法可以同时实现降噪与局部特征增强的两重目的,具有更佳的适用性。     

Hydrodynamic Properties of Fe3O4 Kerosene-Based Ferrofluids with Narrow Particle Size Distribution

We investigate the hydrodynamic properties of Fe3O4 kerosene-based ferrofluids with narrow particle size distribution. The ferrofluids are synthesized by improving chemical coprecipitation technique. A narrow distribution of 8.6-10.8nm particle sizes is obtained from the magnetization curve with the free-form model based on the Bayesian inference theory. The fitting result is consistent with average particle size obtained from x-ray diffraction. With the increase of applied magnetic field and magnetic particle concentration, apparent viscosity of ferrofluids increases. At concentration 4.04%, the type of flow for the ferrofluid transforms from Newtonian to Bingham plastic fluid as the applied magnetic field increases.     

AlGaN-Based Solar-Blind Schottky Photodetectors Fabricated on AlN/Sapphire Template

We report AlGaN-based back-illuminated solar-blind Schottky-type ultraviolet photodetectors with the cutoff- wavelength from 280nm to 292nm without bias. The devices show low dark current of 2.1× 10^-6A/cm^2 at the reverse bias of 5 V. The specific detectivity D＊ is estimated to be 3.3 × 10^12cmHz^1/2 W^-1 . To guarantee the performance of the photodetectors, the optimization of AlGaN growth and annealing condition for Schottky contacts were performed. The results show that high-temperature annealing method for Ni/Pt Schottky contacts is effective for the reduction of leakage current.     

Establishment of Configuration with Optimized Current Profile in Pellet Fuelled Discharge on HL-2A

A sawtooth-free period is produced following the pellet injection in the pellet fuelled discharge of qa = 3.4 （where qa is the safety factor at the plasma boundary） in the HL-2A tokamak. Establishment of the current profile such as in the hybrid scenario is studied under the condition of pellet injection in HL-2A. It is shown that a q-profile of weak negative shear is produced immediately after the pellet injection, and it then evolves to a broad flat profile with q0 〉 1 （where qo is the safety factor at the centre）. The measured MHD mode structures evidence consistencies of the evaluated q-profile with locations of the q = 1 surface in the sawtoothing period and of the q = 2 surface in the sawtooth-free period. TRANSP analysis indicates that the energy confinement is enhanced substantially during and after pellet injection, which is resulted from the q-profile optimization and the plasma density peaking.     

激光拉曼分光计中超低杂散光的测试

本文提出了一种测试激光拉曼分光计中超低杂散光的新方法.实验结果表明,本方法的杂散光测量限可达10~(-14)量级.     

Progress in improving thermodynamics and kinetics of new hydrogen storage materials

Hydrogen storage material has been much developed recently because of its potential for proton exchange membrane (PEM) fuel cell applications. A successful solid-state reversible storage material should meet the requirements of high storage capacity, suitable thermodynamic properties, and fast adsorption and desorption kinetics. Complex hydrides, including boron hydride and alanate, ammonia borane, metal organic frameworks (MOFs), covalent organic frameworks (COFs) and zeolitic imidazolate frameworks (ZIFs), are remarkable hydrogen storage materials because of their advantages of high energy density and safety. This feature article focuses mainly on the thermodynamics and kinetics of these hydrogen storage materials in the past few years.