适用于探地雷达应用的低振铃单周期脉冲发生器

设计了一种新型的适用于道路检测探地雷达的单周期脉冲发生器。该脉冲发生器包含驱动电路、阶跃恢复二极管(SRD)脉冲形成电路和脉冲整形电路三部分。驱动电路可以使TTL形式的触发脉冲变为电流更大的快前沿脉冲,用来形成给后级电路的驱动脉冲;SRD脉冲产生电路选取渡越时间较小的阶跃恢复二极管结构,通过对前级电路产生的驱动脉冲整形得到负极性高斯脉冲,然后利用微带短路线、肖特基二极管和电容并联实现生成单周期脉冲和振铃抑制的功能,提高超宽带天线辐射的效率以及测量信噪比。测量结果表明,在1 MHz脉冲重复频率的情况下,峰峰值最大为23 V,脉冲半高宽为138 ps,振铃水平为1.25%,而当脉冲重复频率提高到5 MHz,该脉冲发生器产生脉冲波形幅度和带宽基本没有太大变化。这些特征说明,该脉冲发生器具有很高的频率稳定性,且在高分辨率探测应用情景中将会有很好的表现。     

Modes splitting in graphene-based double-barrier waveguides

The graphene-based double-barrier waveguides induced by electric field have been investigated. The guided modes can only exist in the case of Klein tunneling, and the fundamental mode is absent. The guided modes in the single-barrier waveguide split into symmetric and antisymmetric modes with different incident angles in the double-barrier waveguide.The phase difference between electron states and hole states is also discussed. The phase difference for the two splitting modes is close to each other and increases with the order of guided modes. These phenomena can be helpful for the potential applications in graphene-based optoelectronic devices.     

Properties of long light filaments in natural environment

The multiple filamentation of terawatt femtosecond(fs) laser pulses is experimentally studied in a natural environment.A more than 30-m long plasma filament with a millimeter diameter is formed by the collimated fs laser pulse freely propagating in an open atmosphere. This study provides the first quantitative experimental data about the electron density of a long range light filament in the atmosphere. The electron density of such a filament is quantitatively detected by using an electric method, showing that it is at the 10~(11)-cm~(-3) level.     

旋转条件下热驱动换热效果比较研究

本文在涡轮叶片新型超级冷却技术机理研究的基础上,设计了旋转条件下带冷却通道的新型超级冷却与涡轮叶片粗糙肋强化冷却对比实验。主要研究了旋转条件下带冷却通道的新型超级冷却换热规律,对比研究了粗糙肋强化冷却换热效果,通过对两种冷却技术换热效果的对比分析,结果表明:基于热驱动理论的新型超级冷却技术具有较好的换热效果。     

火焰原子吸收光谱法测定卷烟用纸中Pb和Cu

卷烟滤嘴棒用的纸样品经硝酸、高氯酸湿法消化,在乙炔-空气火焰下,于波长283.3、324.8nm处,用原子吸收光谱法测定铅和铜的百分含量。方法简便、快速,结果准确。     

7种浙江新记录植物

报道了发现于浙江的7种新记录植物,分别是厚叶铁线莲(Clematis crassifolia)、尾叶紫薇(Lagerstroemia caudata)、轮叶赤楠(Syzygium buxifoliumvar. verticillatum)、毛枝蛇葡萄(Ampelopsis rubifolia)、绒果梭罗(Reevesia tomentosa)、广西地海椒(Physaliastrum chamaesarachoides)和卡开芦(Phragmites karka).     

稀土元素掺杂Mn-Zn铁氧体的制备及磁性能

以FeSO4.7H2O、MnSO4.H2O、ZnSO4.7H2O、RE2O3(RE=Y、Nd、Gd、Dy)、HCl为原料,NaOH溶液为沉淀剂、H2O2为氧化剂,采用氧化共沉淀法制备出稀土元素掺杂(RE=Y、Nd、Gd、Dy)Mn-Zn铁氧体(Mn0.5Zn0.5RExFe1-xO4),通过傅里叶变换红外光谱仪(IR),X射线衍射仪(XRD)和振动样品磁强计(VSM)对样品进行表征,讨论了稀土元素掺杂的种类和量对样品的结构和磁性能的影响。结果表明:要得到单相尖晶石结构Mn-Zn铁氧体,稀土元素掺杂量应控制在x≤0.02;Mn0.5Zn0.5RExFe1-xO4的晶粒度随掺杂含量x的增大单调减少;掺杂稀土元素Y、Nd对Mn-Zn铁氧体的磁性有削弱作用,不宜掺杂;而少量的稀土元素Gd、Dy掺杂有利于样品的饱和磁化强度的提高,x=0.02时,其饱和磁化强度分别达到最大值26.5和29.3emu/g。     

碳纳米粒子支撑的钯纳米催化剂在甲酸氧化中的电催化活性

采用化学还原法制备了碳纳米粒子支撑的钯纳米结构(Pd-CNP). 透射电镜表征显示在Pd-CNP纳米复合物中,金属Pd呈菜花状结构,粒径约20~30 nm。它们由许多更小的Pd纳米粒子（3~8 nm）组成. 电化学研究表明,虽然Pd-CNP的电化学活性面积比商业Pd黑低40%（可能原因是部分Pd表面被一层碳纳米粒子覆盖）,但其对甲酸氧化却表现出更好的电催化活性：质量比活性和面积比活性都比Pd黑高几倍. 催化活性增强的原因可能是碳纳米粒子支撑的Pd纳米结构具有特殊的层次化结构,可以形成更多的活性位,以及表面位更利于反应进行.     

Electron impact excitation rate coefficients of N II ion

This paper calculates the electron impact excitation rate coefficients from the ground term 2s²2p^{2 3}P to the excited terms of the 2s²2p², 2s2p³, 2s²2p3s, 2s²2p3p, and 2s²2p3d configurations of N II. In the calculations, multiconfiguration Dirac--Fork wave functions have been applied to describe the target-ion states and relativistic distorted-wave calculation has been performed to generate fine-structure collision strengths. The collision strengths are then averaged over a Maxwellian distribution of electron velocities in order to generate the effective collision strengths. The calculated rate coefficients are compared with available experimental and theoretical data, and some good agreements are found for the outer shell electron excitations. But for the inner shell electron excitations there are still some differences between the present calculations and available experiments.     

水流冲击管道内滞留气团现象的VOF模型仿真分析

针对复杂管道系统内水流冲击滞留气团现象,采用VOF模型(Volume of Fluid Model)进行了数值模拟计算,并与一维模型进行了比较计算分析,结果表明:系统的最大压力并不总是气团的最大压力,有可能还会叠加水体对管壁的撞击而形成的突然升高压力.与实验实测结果的比较分析表明:采用VOF模型,能够较精细地仿真水流冲击滞留气团现象的气团形态、流场结构以及压力分布等的变化过程,其压力数值计算结果与实验实测基本吻合,其计算误差明显小于现有一维模型的计算误差,是深入研究该复杂瞬变流现象的有效方法.