硫化锌中硫酸根含量标准物质的研制

介绍了红外光学材料用ZnS粉体标准物质的研制工作。以ZnS粉体为基体材料,通过提纯方法进行ZnS粉体中硫酸根含量标准物质的制备。经过均匀性检验、稳定性考察后,采用离子色谱法进行定值。制备的标准物质硫酸根含量在0.1%~0.5%范围呈3个梯度分布,相对扩展不确定度U不大于2%(k=2)。     

平台石墨炉原子吸收测磷的方法研究

研究了平台石墨炉原子吸收测定磷的方法,表明以氯化钯和硝酸钙的混合液作为基体改进剂测定生物样品中的磷效果最好,方法特征量为8×10~(-9)g,工作曲线线性范围为0～0.400吸光度,精密度好,抗干扰能力强,方法简单,利用标准曲线即可测定生物样品中磷。     

谈谈原子物理知识的普及问题

现在大、中小学校的青少年是本世纪末到下世纪初的社会主义建设的中坚力量，他们的才华和素质直接决定这个时代的精神文明和物质文明的状况。因此，他们除了应该具备某方面的专业知识之外，还应该具有较全面的现代科学基础知识。其中，原子物理．(包括原子核物理、粒子物理，下同)的基础知识和研究方法是科学进入微观领域的“金钥匙”，它对近代物理及其他分支的影响远远超过它本身。     

数学之神——阿基米德

近代数学史家倍尔说,任何一张列出有史以来三个最伟大的数学家的名单中,必定会包括阿基米德,另外两位通常是牛顿和高斯.其实,早在公元1世纪就有人称阿基米德为“数学之神”.阿基米德到底是怎样的一尊“神”呢? 阿基米德,公元前287年生于意大利半岛南端西西里岛的叙拉古城,他有一位当天文学家的父亲,他从小就受到了良好的家庭教育.后来,阿基米德的亲戚当上了叙拉古国王,又使他有机会飘洋过海,到号称“智慧之都”的亚历山大城学习.在那里,阿基米德受到了良好的数学教育,结交了不少著名学者.返回叙拉古后,阿基米德毕生从事研究工作.     

透镜抛光机主轴转速与摆架摆速的匹配

从计算得出的浮动上模作往复周期摆动时工件表面上任一点的相对线速度表达式看出，线速度幅值是一个多变量函数，在这些参数中，只有主轴转速与摆架摆速是机床本身的固有参数，从均匀抛光角度出发，提出主轴转速与摆架摆速匹配的观点，为抛光机换代设计提供了依据。     

高比表面介孔LaNiO3负载纳米Au催化剂的研究

分别采用纳米铸型法和溶胶-凝胶法制备了系列LaNiO₃载体,并用沉积-沉淀法制备了系列Au/LaNiO₃催化剂.对催化剂进行了XRD、BET、AAS、TEM和XPS等表征,测试了其对CO催化氧化活性.实验结果表明,纳米铸型法得到的LaNiO₃-NCM具有介孔结构,且比表面积可达126 m²·g^-1,以其为载体制备的Au/LaNiO₃-NCM催化剂在30℃条件下将CO完全转化,活性远高于以传统溶胶-凝胶法制备的LaNiO₃-SG为载体的金催化剂.XPS结果表明该Au/LaNiO₃-NCM催化剂表面存在较多的氧化态Au^δ+（0 < δ < 3）和晶格氧,且活性组分Au含量也较高,说明高比表面介孔LaNiO₃载体有利于提高活性组分Au的负载量,从而提高催化剂催化活性.     

FeVO4催化剂的原位电导研究

采用盐类固体研磨法制备了FeVO4催化剂,用原位电导方法测定了FeVO4催化剂在氧气 丙烷→氧气→丙烷连续变化气氛下的电导变化,确定其导电类型.以BET、XRD、H2-TPR等技术对催化剂进行表征,研究了其对丙烷氧化脱氢制丙烯反应的催化性能.     

负载型La0.8Sr0.2MnO3燃烧催化剂的载体效应

Combustion catalysts La0.8Sr0.2MnO3 supported on γ-Al2O3, α-Al2O3, cordierite (2MgO•2Al2O3•5SiO2) and ZrO2 were compared. Further investigation was focused on LSM/ γ-Al2O3 catalyst. It was observed that LSM/γ－Al2O3 catalyst loaded with 20% (mass fraction) LSM (La0.8Sr0.2MnO3 or corresponding oxides), heated at 750℃ or above, perovskite-type oxides were found by XRD examination, whereas, the same catalyst loaded with 10% or less LSM, perovskite oxides were absent, calcination temperature about 750℃ is necessary for the formation of perovskite structure in LSM/γ-Al2O3 catalysts. High activity of complete oxidation of xylen will be obtained when perovskite-type oxides.
Investigation of TPR showed that neat LSM or LSM/γ-Al2O3(20%) was reduced by H2-N2 mixed gas. Two degradation processes took place. In the first, reduced temperature peak was about 350 - 450℃. If reduction ended at 400℃, perovskite structure was retained, which may be due to the reduction of Mn3+to Mn2+ on the surface of LSM only. In the second process, perovskite structure was destroied, and La2O3, Mn2O3, Mn - Sr - O oxides could be obtained, which took place in the temperature range 685 - 750℃ and ended at 800℃. This was proved by TPR experiments (Fig. 3, 5) and XRD patterns (Fig. 4)
Catalysts LSM/γ-Al2O3(10% or 20%) heated at 500℃ have only one TPR peak, i. e. lower temperature peak. This is due to the absence of perovskite-type oxides in the catalysts. However, neat LSM or LSM/γ-Al2O3(20%) heated 750℃ or above, not only the first low temperature TPR peak but also the second peak, which is contributed by the perovskite-type oxides in these catalysts appeared. Therefore, the second TPR peak, i. e. the higher temperatue peak is a characteristic peak for perovskite-type oxides in the reduced process. When LSM/ γ-Al2O3 (10%) catalys is heated at 750℃, no perovskite-type oxides were detected by XRD, and the second reduction peak was absent also in TPR process. \
The order of the second reduction peak temperature(characteristic peak of perovskite - type ox- ides) is: neat LSM(750℃）> LSM/γ-Al2O3 20% (685-698℃) -deposited LSM/γ-Al2O3 (698℃) > LSM/γ-Al2O3 15% (677 - 680℃) >(LSM/γ-AL2O3 10% 620 - 630℃, for Mn - Al - O medium oxides on surface). It is correleted with the increasing of the effect of support sequentially.
When LSM/γ-Al2O3 catalysts were heated at 900℃, more stable phase, spinel MnAl2O4 appeared, which could be proved by TPR of model catalyst MnAl2O4/γ-Al2O3.     

原子吸收光谱法检测血清铁、红细胞内铁及血清铁蛋白、 MCH、MCHC含量与老年冠心病、高血压病关系的研究

应用原子吸收光谱法检测了老年高血压、冠心病患者血清铁、红细胞内铁及血清铁蛋白、ＭＣＨ、ＭＣＨＣ。发现老年冠心病患者血清铁、红细胞内铁、血清铁蛋白含量明显高于对照组（Ｐ＜０．０１）。老年高血压患者血清铁蛋白、红细胞内铁、ＭＣＨ、ＭＣＨＣ也明显高于对照组（Ｐ＜０．０１）,血清铁与对照组比较有显著性差异（Ｐ＜０．０５）。结果表明：老年高血压,冠心病患者存在铁代谢异常,其游离铁与储存铁的增加可能是其发病的危险因素之一。     

四氧化二氮微量水标准物质的研制

以四氧化二氮为原料,经预脱水、深度脱水和精馏等处理工艺制备了7种浓度的四氧化二氮微量水标准物质.两家实验室采用核磁共振方法对标准物质中的微量水含量进行定值分析.用方差统计方法对定值结果进行数据处理和不确定度评定.