Mie散射系数计算方法的研究

介绍一种计算Mie散射系数的新方法，给出计算实例。     

近红外光谱快速分析技术及其在动物饲料和产品品质检测中的应用

近红外光谱是近年来发展最快、最引人注目的光谱学技术。主要介绍了近红外光谱技术的基本原理和发展, 包括近红外光谱预处理技术如微分处理、信号平滑等技术的发展和近红外光谱分析模型如多元线性回归、主成分分析、偏最小二乘法和人工神经网络等的发展。综述了国内外近几年来此技术在动物饲料和产品品质检测中的应用。文献调查显示, 近红外光谱分析技术以其快速、无损、不污染环境等诸多优点在国内外饲料和动物产品检测方面得到广泛应用。在饲料分析方面,近红外不仅能用于其常量成分干物质、粗蛋白、粗纤维、粗脂肪等的测定,而且能用于微量成分、有毒有害成分的测定。在动物产品分析方面,该技术已用于禽蛋、牛肉、羊肉、猪肉等的各种物理和化学指标的测定。文中详细给出了已经报道的利用近红外光谱技术测定饲料和动物产品测定指标和光谱处理以及模型建立的情况, 并讨论了近红外光谱快速检测技术的在饲料分析和动物产品分析领域的应用新趋势和局限性。     

(Ni-P)-石墨复合镀层的耐磨减摩行为

利用电沉积工艺制备了(Ni-P)-石墨复合镀层,并在环-块试验机上对其摩擦系数、磨损率和摩擦力矩进行了试验研究,认为正确选择复合镀层的对磨副是发挥镀层中石墨减摩作用的关键之一,配副双方的强度(或硬度)应基本相当而且不易发生粘着。文章还报道了对复合镀层中磷与石墨含量之最佳配比的考察结果。同时,作者还结合磨屑与磨痕形貌的观察结果等提出了石墨减摩膜形成过程的模型,并指出外载荷是影响石墨减摩膜稳定存在的重要因素。     

混合苯中微量砷含量的测定

讨论了混合苯试样的消解前处理过程，提出了消解时间短、反应温和、重现性好的前处理方法。采用二乙基二硫代氨基甲酸银分光光度法测定砷含量，并与原子吸收法和砷斑法进行对照，证明方法可靠。砷含量的平均值为（１３４±００８）×１０－６，相对标准偏差为５９７％，平均回收率为（９３０±３０）％。该法最低检测限为０５μｇ，测定的线性范围为０～２５μｇ。     

Three-Body Problem of H_2~+ Ion

The Feshbach-Rubinow approximation and its improved versions have been applied to the H2+ ion system.The ground-state energies are calculated with these different methods.The best ground-state energy obtained is only 2% higher than the experimental result.Given the simplicity of the method,this accuracy is quite remarkable.It is shown that the screening effect plays a less significant role and the effective potential between the two protons is probably of most importance in this problem.     

密度依赖的结团模型研究原子核的α衰变和结团放射性

讨论了原子核α衰变和结团放射性的一个新的结团模型:密度依赖的结团模型（DDCM）。DDCM基于微观真实的核势和库仑势,可以在统一的框架下计算原子核的各种衰变模式的半衰期。通过对原子核α衰变和结团放射性的系统计算,发现DDCM能够精确给出原子核α衰变和结团放射性的半衰期,理论值和实验值的偏差一般在3倍以内。这表明密度依赖的结团模型具有很好的适用性并可以为将来的实验提供较准确的预言。We have discussed a new cluster model of α-decay and cluster radioactivity: the density-dependent cluster model （DDCM）, which is based on the microscopic nuclear potential and Coulomb potential. DDCM can give accurate theoretical half-lives for various decays of nuclei in a unified framework. Through a systematical calculation of half-lives of α-decay and cluster radioactivity, we find that the deviation between DDCM and experiment is usually less than a factor of 3. This good agreement shows that the density-dependent cluster model can further provide reliable predictions for future experiments.     

Probe the 2s_(1/2) and 1d_(3/2) state level inversion with electron-nucleus scattering

The neutron-rich even-even nuclei26–40Mg,28–46Si,30–48S,and32–56Ar are calculated with the RMF model and the phase-shift electron scattering method.Results show that level inversion of the 2s1/2and 1d3/2proton states may occur for the magnesium,silicon,sulphur,and argon isotopes with more neutrons away from the stability line.Calculations show that the variation of the central charge densities for30–48S,and32–56Ar are very sensitive to the 2s1/2and 1d3/2proton state level inversion,and the level inversion can lead to a large measurable central charge depletion to the charge density distributions for the neutron-rich isotopes.Calculations also show that the charge density diferences between the isotopes with and without central charge depletion can reveal not only the level inversion of the 2s1/2and 1d3/2proton states but also the behavior of the proton wave functions of both states.The results can provide references for the possible study of the nuclear level inversion and nuclear bubble phenomenon with electron scattering of short-lived nuclei at RIKEN or/and GSI in the future.In addition,direct nuclear reaction44S(n,d)43P or44S(3H,α)43P might also be a possible way to study the 2s1/2and 1d3/2proton state level inversion.     

超重核性质的新观点(英文)

简单回顾了超重核的理论研究现状,讨论了形变对长寿命重核α衰变半衰期的影响。分析了相对论平均场模型的有效范围。强调了α衰变、结团放射性和自发裂变中应保持宇称守恒。提出了一些新观点。Status of theoretical studies on superheavy nuclei is simply reviewed.We investigate the influence of nuclear deformation on half lives of α decay forlong lifetime nuclei beyond 208Pb. The range of the validity of relativistic mean field model is analyzed and discussed. The conservation of parity in α decay, cluster radioactivity, and spontaneous fission of nuclei is stressed. New views on the properties of superheavy nuclei are presented.