十二重准晶光子结构中的负折射与成像

最近实验证明周期性的光子晶体中存在电磁波的负折射现象,并且观测到亚波长成像.然而,这些研究主要集中在周期性结构中,对非周期结构的研究还没有相关的报道.文章报道了一种新的理论和实验结果：非周期性十二重准晶光子结构同样存在负折射,并且可以实现超透镜的远场成像.具有这些特性的光子准晶可以广泛的应用于光集成器件中.     

十二重准晶光子结构中的负折射与成像

最近实验证明周期性的光子晶体中存在电磁波的负折射现象，并且观测到亚波长成像．然而，这些研究主要集中在剧期性结构中，对非周期结构的研究还没有相关的报道。文章报道了一种新的理论和实验结果：非周期性十二重准晶光子结构同样存在负折射，并且可以实现超透镜的远场成像。具有这些特性的光子准晶可以广泛的应用于光集成器件中。     

概率

概率论是研究现实世界中广泛存在的随机现象的规律性的数学分支，本单元介绍概率论的一些初步知识。通过学习概率的基本概念及有关运算，让学生初步掌握概率的实际应用及计算方法。     

Near-field imaging of a square-lattice metallic photonic-crystal slab at the second band

Imaging properties of a two-dimensional photonic crystal slab lens are investigated through the finite-difference time-domain method. In this paper, we consider the photonic crystal slab consisting of a square lattice of square metallic rods immersed in a dielectric background. Through the analysis of the equifrequency-surface contours and the field patterns of a point source placed in the vicinity of the photonic crystal slab, we find that a good-quality image can form at the frequencies in the second TM-polarized photonic band. Comparing the images formed at different frequencies, we can clearly see that an excellent-quality image is formed by the mechanisms of simultaneous action of the self-collimation effect and the negative-refraction effect.     

隧穿四能级结构中超冷铯分子转换的最优化光场条件

本文利用一个具有隧穿耦合效应的四能级结构模型来描述超冷铯原子制备超冷铯分子的过程,理论分析了受激拉曼绝热通道过程中的两激光脉冲参数对铯原子-分子转换效率的影响。结果表明,在原子-分子暗态条件下,通过双色光缔合利用双光子共振条件的最优化处理方法可以使转换效率提高到90%以上,并给出了两激光脉冲参数的最优化区间。另外,通过分析原子态和束缚分子基态上粒子数布居的动力学演化,给出了光场的最优化条件,只有适当的匹配两激光场的有效Rabi频率、延迟系数和脉冲宽度时,才能高效地实现超冷铯原子-分子的相干布居转换。     

一维光子晶体带隙结构对不同偏振态的角度和波长响应

用传输矩阵法计算了一维光子晶体带隙结构对不同偏振态入射光的角度和波长响应. 结果表明，对P偏振态，带隙的宽度明显小于S偏振态. 对于角度响应，两种偏振态有相同的变化趋势，但变化量不同. 而对于波长响应，两种偏振态表现出不同的变化趋势. 引入了“广义布儒斯特角”的概念. 理论分析表明，当光以此角射入光子晶体时，S偏振态入射光的禁带完全保留，而P偏振态入射光的禁带完全消失，从而可以在S偏振态入射光的禁带背景中用P偏振态入射光获得受主掺杂模式. 同时还给出了实验验证结果. 关键词： 体积全息图 光子晶体 偏振     

光子晶体中双通道之间能量的转移

从理论和实验上分析了光子晶体中双通道之间能量的转移.在双通道之间引入复合型光子晶体波导,通过调节复合型波导的内部参数，使其满足一定的条件，就可以实现双通道之间能量的完全转移，从而实现了光的定向传输.在实验中，测得了输出端的透过谱. 关键词： 复合型光子晶体波导 能量转移 定向传输     

Negative Refraction and Imaging in a Triangular-Lattice Metallic Photonic-Crystal Slab

Imaging properties of a two-dimensional photonic crystal （PC） slab consisting of a triangular lattice of metallic cylinders immersed in a dielectric background are investigated by the finite-difference time-domain technique. With the calculated field patterns of a point source placed in the vicinity of the PC slab and the corresponding equifrequency-surface contours, we find that a high-quality image ca.n form in the opposite side of the slab in the lowest TM-polarized photonic band, and this near-field image is formed mainly by the self-collimation effect.     

Absolute Gap of Two-Dimensional Fractal Photonic Structure

We propose a model for two-dimensional photonic materials constructed on a kind of fractal structures. Total energy flows of the photonic materials constructed with either dielectric cylinders or air holes show that both of them possess absolute gaps for the electromagnetic waves.     

Retrieval of multiple scattering contrast from x-ray analyzer-based imaging

We present a moment-based alternative approach to retrieve multiple scattering contrasts from x-ray analyzer-based imaging. By use of the properties of moments of convolutions, the multiple-image radiography approach is theoretically validated. Furthermore, higher order moments of the object scattering distribution, inaccessible in multiple-image radiography, are simultaneously provided by this alternative approach. It is experimentally demonstrated that the skew and kurtosis information related to the distribution of sub-pixel features within the object can be obtained from those complementary contrasts. Finally, the sensitivity of the retrieved multiple scattering contrasts is investigated experimentally. The finding that the sensitivity is inversely proportional to the square root of the detected photon number essentially indicates that the retrieval of moments with an order higher than two can be achieved without increasing exposure time or dose. The presented alternative approach provides an access to the exploitation of multiple scattering contrasts, which is expected to be useful in biomedical research, materials science, security screening, etc.