The AME 2020 atomic mass evaluation (I). Evaluation of input data,and adjustment procedures

This is the first of two articles(Part I and Part II)that presents the results of the new atomic mass evaluation,Ame2020.It includes complete information on the experimental input data that were used to derive the tables of recommended values which are given in Part II.This article describes the evaluation philosophy and procedures that were implemented in the selection of specific nuclear reaction,decay and mass-spectrometric data which were used in a least-squares fit adjustment in order to determine the recommended mass values and their uncertainties.All input data,including both the accepted and rejected ones,are tabulated and compared with the adjusted values obtained from the least-squares fit analysis.Differences with the previous Ame2016 evaluation are discussed and specific examples are presented for several nuclides that may be of interest to Ame users.     

面向单晶SiC原子级表面制造的等离子体辅助抛光技术

目前Si基半导体由于其自身材料特性的限制,已经越来越难以满足高速发展的现代电力电子技术对半导体器件的性能要求.SiC作为新一代半导体材料具有显著的性能优势,但由于其属于典型的难加工材料,实现SiC晶圆的高质量与高效率加工成为了推动其产业化应用进程的关键.本综述在回顾近年来SiC超精密加工技术研究进展的基础上,重点介绍了一种基于等离子体氧化改性的SiC高效超精密抛光技术,分析了该技术的材料去除机理、典型装置、改性过程及抛光效果.分析结果表明,该技术具有较高的去除效率,能够获得原子级平坦表面,并且不会产生亚表面损伤.同时针对表面改性辅助抛光技术加工SiC表面过程中出现的台阶现象,探讨了该台阶结构的产生机理及调控策略.最后对等离子体辅助抛光技术的发展与挑战进行了展望.     

高效固体酸SBA-15-Zr(OTf)3催化胺或醇开环环氧化合物

通过简单的一锅两步法制备了三氟金属(铝,钛,锆)接枝介孔SBA-15 (AlTf/S,TiTf/S,ZrTf/S)固体酸材料,并通过XRD,N2吸附,TGA,FTIR,原位吡啶FTIR和元素分析对这些材料进行了详细的表征.其中,ZrTf/S能够高效催化环氧化物温和条件下被胺或醇开环生成对应β-氨基醇或β-烷氧基醇,并且催化剂能循环利用.ZrTf/S相较于AlTf/S和TiTf/S酸性最强,因而催化活性也最高.     

载体对其负载的Cu-Co双金属催化剂上5-羟甲基糠醛氢解选择性生成2,5-二甲基呋喃的影响

碳-氧键氢解是生物质呋喃基化合物制备交通燃料常见的模型反应,其中5-羟甲基糠醛(HMF)转化为汽油添加剂2,5-二甲基呋喃(DMF)尤为引人关注.本文采用CeO2,ZrO2和Al2O3负载的Cu-Co双金属催化剂用于HMF选择性氢解制DMF的反应中.采用X射线衍射、N2吸附-脱附、投射电镜、H2-程序升温还原、氨-程序升温脱附和元素分析表征了新鲜的和使用过催化剂的结构,并将其与催化活性相关联.Cu-Co/CeO2催化剂通过在大的Cu颗粒上还原C=O键生成了最多的2,5双(羟甲基呋喃)(BHMF).但Cu-Co/Al2O3催化剂具有高度分散的Cu,Cu-Co复合氧化物和大量的弱酸位,因而生成DMF的选择性最高.Cu-Co/ZrO2催化剂则由于存在强酸位,DMF选择性较低,生成了各种过度氢解产物,如2,5而甲基四氢呋喃和5,5-二(亚甲基)双(2-甲基呋喃).因此,考察了Cu-Co/Al2O3催化剂上的反应路径,以及温度、氢气压力和时间等操作条件的影响,使其具有较优的HMF转化率和DMF选择性.     

球形压痕的残余变形分析(英文)

球形压痕技术在材料力学属性,诸如硬度,弹性模量等的测量中得到了广泛的应用。应用Twyman-Green及云纹干涉法并配合相移技术,本文对IN783合金进行了一系列的球形压痕实验研究,并对残余压痕的面内(u, v)及离面( w)变形场进行了定量测量和分析。应用面内变形测量结果,进一步对试件表面的应力-应变分布进行了分析和计算,并在离面变形场的基础上,确立了压痕周围的弹塑性边界,从而进一步应用面内的分析结果,得到材料的屈服强度。应用压痕实验的接触半径和压力并配合Tabor经验公式,本文进一步得到了材料的应力应变曲线。实验结果与已知的IN783合金相吻合。对所涉及的一系列压痕实验,本文也进行了二维有限元分析并得到了比较一致的结果。     

VERIFICATION OF SMOM AND QMOM POPULATION BALANCE MODELING IN CFD CODE USING ANALYTICAL SOLUTIONS FOR BATCH PARTICULATE PROCESSES

For many processes of industrial significance, due to the strong coupling between particle interactions and fluid dynamics, the population balance must be solved as part of a computational fluid dynamics （CFD） simulation. In this work, a CFD based population balance model is tested using a batch crystallization reactor. In this CFD model, the population balance is solved by the standard method of moments （SMOM） and the quadrature method of moments （QMOM）. The results of these simulations are compared to analytical solutions for the population balance in a batch tank where 1） nucleation, 2） growth, 3） aggregation, and 4） breakage are taking place separately. The results of these comparisons show that the first 6 moments of the population balance are accurately predicted for nucleation, growth, aggregation and breakage at all times.     

浮力对混合对流流动及换热特性的影响

用热线和冷线相结合的技术测量垂直圆管内逆混合对流流体的平均速度、 温度以及它们的脉动. 较详细地研究了浮力对逆混合对流的流动特性和传热特性的影响. 评 估了实验中采用的冷线测量温度补偿速度探头温度敏感的影响. 逆混合对流的传热结果用无 量纲参数Ω (Ω= Grd / Red2 )来表示，其中，基于管道直 径的雷诺数Red变化范围为900~18000, 浮力参数Ω变化范围为 0.004899~0.5047. 研究结果表明，浮力对逆混合对流的换热有强化作用. 随着葛拉晓夫数Grd的增加，温度脉动，流向雷诺正应力和流向温度通量增 大，并且在靠近壁面的流体区域尤其明显. 热线与冷线相结合的技术适合于研究非绝热的流 动测量，可以用于研究浮力对流动和换热特性的影响.     

LINEAR ACTIVE STRUCTURES AND MODES (Ⅱ) —DISCRETE SYSTEMS AND BEAMS

IntroductionThestudiedobjectintheclassicstructuredynamicsisthepassivestructureswhicharechangedintoactivestructurewhencontroldevicesorsmartmaterialsareintroducedintoandthecontrolfunctionisapplied .Anactivestructureisgenerallycalledactivesystem .Asforthedefinitionofactivestructure ,itistheconceptofworthydiscussion[1].Thedefinitionshouldbebecomingrigorouswiththestudyontheactivestructuraldynamics.Withincertaincategoryofactivestructuresinpaper (Ⅰ ) [2 ],someattributesaboutthemodesoflinearactivest…     

MICROMECHANICAL MODELLING OF STRAIN SOFTENING IN MICROCRACK-WEAKENED QUASI-BRITTLE MATERIALS

By using the concept of domain of microcrack growth(DMG),themicromechanisms of damage in quasi-brittle materials subjected to triaxial either tensileor compressive loading are investigated and the complete strew-strain relation includingfour stages is obtained from micromechanical analysis.The regime of pre-peaknonlinear hardening corresponds to the distributed damage,i.e.the stable propagationof microcracks.After the attainment of the ultimate strength of load-bearing capacity,some microcracks experience the second unstable growth and the distributed damage istransmitted to the localization of damage.These analyses improve our understanding ofthe hardening and softening behaviors of quasi-brittle materials.     

固体润滑透平轴承 第三部分:在316℃下与陶瓷对摩的复合材料的发展

将以前与M-50钢对摩进行过评价的三维石墨纤维编织物增强的聚酰亚胺基自润滑保持架复合材料,在316℃下与热压氮化硅对摩进行了摩擦磨损试验,以确定其与陶瓷材料对摩时在摩擦学性能方面的变化。这些材料将应用在固体润滑的采用高比强度陶瓷滚动元件的高速透平轴承中。试验结果表明,这些复合材料与热压氮化硅对摩时的摩擦和磨损都急剧增大。这是由于从氮化硅环上发生了细小磨屑的物理和(或)化学转移,以及这些磨屑转移到复合材料表面上的缘故。调整复合材料中纤维和聚合物基体的比例,以及用所研究过的两种固体润滑剂混合物之一都可以降低摩擦与磨损。