Alkaloids of the Mongolian flora. III. Altaconitine — A new alkaloid from Aconitum altaicum

Aconitine, mesaconitine, and a new alkaloid, which has been called altaconitine, have been isolated from the total alkaloids of the epigeal part ofAconitum altaicum. Altaconitine has the structure of 8-acetoxy-14-benzoyloxy-2,3,13,-15-tetrahydroxy-1,6, 16-trimethoxy-4-methoxymethy-N-ethylaconitan, which was established on the basis of a study of IR, PMR,¹³C NMR, and mass spectra and by the x-ray structural method.Institute of Chemistry, Mongolian Peoples' Republic Academy of Sciences, Ulan-Bator. Institute of the Chemistry of Plant Substances of the Uzbekistan Republic of Sciences, Tashkent. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 1, pp. 47–53, January–February, 1993.     

Electrochemical behaviour of Pt(100), Pt(111) and Pt polycrystalline surfaces in hydrogencarbonate solution

It was demonstrated that adsorbed CO is obtained from the reduction of NaHCO₃ solution when Pt(100), Pt(110), disordered Pt(111) and polycrystalline electrodes are employed. Reduction of CO₂ coming from the dissociation of the hydrogencarbonate anion is proposed as the reaction that produces CO. By using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, linear and multi-bonded CO were detected on polycrystalline platinum electrodes. The shape of the band associated with linearly adsorbed CO is monopolar as a consequence of the partial overlapping, at lower wavenumbers, of the absolute bands at both potentials (0.05 and 0.35 V).     

LINEAR DICHROISM(250–700 nm) OF CHLOROPHYLL a AND PHEOPHYTIN a ORIENTED IN A LAMELLAR PHASE OF GLYCERYLMONOOCTANOATE/H2O. CHARACTERIZATION OF ELECTRONIC TRANSITIONS

Abstract— We determined the polarized and isotropic visible/UV absorption spectra of chlorophyll a (Chi a ) and pheophytin a (Pheo a ) oriented in the lamellar phase of glycerylmonooctanoate/H₂O. Resolution into mutually perpendicular X- and Y-polarized absorption spectra of the pigments was achieved assuming that the transition moments of Chi a and Pheo a are located in the plane of the chromophores. The polarized spectra were deconvoluted into harmonic progressions and the resultant assignment of band positions in the long-wavelength region was found to correlate well with independent spectral measurements, such as the polarisation of fluorescence. However, the correlation of the experimentally determined transitions with the results of theoretical calculations is not straightforward. The overall conclusions are of fundamental interest in the determination of orientations of the tetrapyrrole macrocycle in lipid lamellae and pigment-protein structures of photosynthetic membranes.     

Synthesis, structure and properties of ruthenium(II) complexes with quinolinedione derivatives as chelate ligands: Crystal structure of [Ru(CO)2Cl2(6-methoxybenzo[g]quinoline-5,10-dione)]

The reaction of the dimer complex [{Ru(CO)₃Cl₂}₂] with the ligands 4,6-dichloroquinoline-5,8-dione and 6-methoxybenzo[g]quinoline-5,10-dione in ethanol solution led to the neutral mononuclear complexes of general formula [Ru(CO)₂Cl₂(κ²-quinolinedione-N,O)]. The complexes were characterized by elemental analysis, IR and RMN spectroscopy, and the molecular structure of [Ru(CO)₂Cl₂(6-methoxybenzo[g]quinoline-5,10-dione)] was determined by single-crystal X-ray diffraction. The redox chemistry of ligands and complexes was investigated by cyclic voltammetry, and their potential antitumor activity was also evaluated.     

Determination of aflatoxins in peanuts by matrix solid-phase dispersion and liquid chromatography

A new method based on matrix solid-phase dispersion (MSPD) extraction was studied to determine aflatoxin B1, B2, G1 and G2 from peanuts. Optimization of different parameters, such as type of solid supports for matrix dispersion and elution solvents were carried out. The method used 2 g of peanut sample, 2 g of C18 bonded silica as MSPD sorbent and acetonitrile as eluting solvent. Recoveries of each aflatoxin spiked to peanut samples at 2.5 ng/g (5 ng/g for aflatoxin G2) level were between 78 and 86% with relative standard deviations ranging from 4 to 7%. The limits of quantification ranged from 0.125 to 2.5 ng/g for the four studied aflatoxins using liquid chromatography (LC) with fluorescence detection. In addition, LC coupled to mass spectrometry with an electrospray interface was used for confirmation of aflatoxins present in real samples. Eleven peanut samples from different countries were analyzed by the proposed method and by using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). ELISA test is a good screening method for investigation of these mycotoxins in peanut samples.     

Synthesis,Structure and Reactivity of [1, 2‐Bis(diphenylphosphinite)ethane]bromotricarbonylmanganese(I) with Reactions of Phosphites,Phosphonites. and Phosphinites

The manganese carbonyl complex [MnBr(CO)₃ L ] ( 1 ), where L = Ph₂POCH₂CH₂OPPh₂, was prepared by reacting [MnBr(CO)₅] with the bidentate ligand 1, 2‐Bis(diphenylphosphinite)ethane. From this compound and the appropriate phosphite, phosphinite or phosphonite ligands were synthesized the complexes [MnBr(CO)₂ LL ′], where L ′ = P(OMe)₃ ( 2 ) or P(OEt)₃ ( 3 ) and [MnBr(CO)₃ L ′₂], where L ′ =PPh(OEt)₂ ( 4 ) or PPh₂(OEt) ( 5 ). The obtained compounds have been characterized by elemental analysis, mass spectrometry, IR and NMR (¹H, ¹³C and ³¹P) spectroscopies and X‐ray diffractometry for the complexes 1 , 4 and 5 .     

Chiral separation of dansyl amino acids by capillary electrophoresis: Comparison of formamide andN-Methylformamide as background electrolytes

Summary Chiral separation of 12 dansyl amino acids has been achieved by capillary electrophoresis using -cyclodextrin dissolved inN-methylformamide or formamide. The viscosity and the dielectric constants of these two solvents are very different, giving them disimilar electrophoretic properties. Intense electroosmotic flow, high electrophoretic mobilities and high efficiency were achieved inN-methylformamide, but high chiral selector concentration was needed for sufficient resolution. In contrast, the separation of dansyl amino acids in formamide was characterized by longer analysis time and lower efficiency, but the resolution and selectivity of the separation were better and baseline separation could be achieved at lower -cyclodextrin concentrations.     

Optimization of a clean-up procedure for the determination of heterocyclic aromatic amines in urine by field-amplified sample injection-capillary electrophoresis-mass spectrometry

Heterocyclic amines (HAs), generated when proteinaceous food is cooked, are of special interest since they can be carcinogenic for humans. In this paper, the optimization of a clean-up procedure for the isolation and preconcentration of 15 heterocyclic amines in urine samples is described. The method proposed combines liquid extraction on a solid support of diatomaceous earth with solid-phase extraction in cartridges. Tests were performed on several cartridges containing graphitic carbon or mixed phases, i.e., combining reversed-phase and cation-exchange mechanism, and the best results were obtained with Oasis MCX. The optimized purification method was applied to the quantification of heterocyclic amines in hydrolyzed spiked human urine. The method was carried out by capillary electrophoresis (CE) coupled to mass spectrometry (MS) and applying field-amplified sample injection (FASI) as in-line preconcentration procedure. We obtained detection limits down to 0.3 ng/ml of urine and errors lower than 17%.     

One-step synthesis and characterization of difunctionalized N-confused tetraphenylporphyrins

Three disubstituted N-confused porphyrins (2-4) were prepared in ca. 4% yield using a one-pot synthesis. These porphyrins bear 3,5-di-tert-butylphenyl groups substituted at the C(5) and C(20) meso positions and para-substituted (Br, NO(2), ethynyl) phenyl groups at the C(10) and C(15) meso positions. The specific orientation of the aryl rings around the macrocycle in porphyrin 2 was definitively determined using a combination of 1D ((1)H and (13)C) and 2D (gHMQC and gHMBC) NMR spectroscopy. The absorption spectra of 2-4 in CH(2)Cl(2) and dimethylacetamide are similar to those of N-confused tetraphenylporphyrin in the same solvents but have Soret and Q-bands that are shifted to lower energies. Steady-state fluorescence measurements revealed Q(x)(0,0) and Q(x)(0,1) bands similar in energy to the unsubstituted NCPs 1i and 1e. The fluorescence quantum yield results for two of these NCPs (2, 4) are atypical of porphyrin behavior and are being further investigated by time-resolved spectroscopy.