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41.
42.
Semi-insulating electrical properties of undoped inp after heat treatment in a phosphorus atmosphere 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
D. Hofmann G. Müller N. Streckfuß 《Applied Physics A: Materials Science & Processing》1989,48(4):315-319
Nominally undoped InP wafers have been annealed in a phosphorus atmosphere under a pressure of about 5 bar at temperatures of 900 °C for about 80 h. It was found that the electrical properties of the samples changed considerably after this treatment. A room temperature resistivity of up to 2×107cm (semi-insulating behaviour) was obtained in the bulk of the samples. The resistivity finally obtained depends on the starting carrier concentration of the untreated samples. The Hall coefficient and Hall mobility have been measured up to 600 °C. The results can be interpreted in terms of a deep electronic level (E
A=0.63 ... 0.65 eV below the conduction band). The Hall coefficient was always found to be negative resulting in a Hall mobility of 1.4 to 4.9×103 cm2/Vs. The highest resistivity in nominally undoped bulk InP so far reported in the literature [1] was =3.6 × 105cm. Therefore, this paper demonstrates for the first time that a really semi-insulating behaviour of >107 cm can be achieved for bulk InP with the purity of nominally undoped material (1015 to 1016cm–3). 相似文献
43.
Idealized polymethines are defined as conjugated chain molecules with complete bond equilization and charge alternation. A constant π-bond order along the chain with N atoms has been derived for three types of polymethines which differ by the nature of the heteroatomic end groups. Corresponding to the number of π-electrons they are termined (N + 1)π-, Nπ- or (N ? 1)π-polymethines. This classification embraces closed shell as well as open shell systems. The relations for the energy eigenvalues, coefficients and derived quantities have been obtained in closed form. The results for the different classes of polymethines are strongly related. Their molecular properties should be similar. 相似文献
44.
This preliminary study presents the experimental results concerning the concentrations of selected radionuclides (238U, 232K, 226Ra, 232Th) in Af?in-Elbistan, Çan, Çay?rhan, Erzurum, Göynük, Kangal, Orhaneli, Saray, Seyitömer, Soma, Tunçbilek, Yata?an and Yeniköy lignites, which are primarily utilized as fuel for thermal power plants in Turkey. Gamma-spectrometry of 39 representative lignite samples gave results with the following concentration ranges: 8 to 296 Bq/kg for 238U, 3 to 79 Bq/kg for 232Th, 17 to 360 Bq/kg for 40K, and 5 to 130 Bq/kg for 226Ra. The 238U results reported here are higher than other literature values for various world coals, earth's crust and world average. 相似文献
45.
The present state of a long term program is reviewed. It was started to elaborate a remote controlled automated radiochemical
processing system for the neutron activation analysis of biological materials. The system is based on wet ashing of the sample,
followed by reactive desorption of some volatile components. The distillation residue is passed through a series of columns
filled with selective ion screening materials to remove the matrix activity. The solution is thus “stripped” from the interfering
radioions, and it is processed to single-elements through group separations using ion-exchange chromatographic techniques.
Some special problems concerning this system are treated. (a) General aspects of the construction of a (semi)automated radiochemical
processing system are discussed; (b) Comparison is made between various technical realizations of the same basic concept;
(c) Some problems concerning the “reconstruction” of an already published processing system are outlined. 相似文献
46.
Mössbauer study of iron reduction in hematite containing mineral originated from Aswan area in Egypt
E. Kuzmann N. Eissa B. Molnár A. Vértes 《Journal of Radioanalytical and Nuclear Chemistry》1988,127(3):169-176
Mössbauer spectroscopy was used to study iron reduction in mineral originated from Aswan area in Egypt. The Mössbauer spectra of samples heat treated at 1000 °C in hydrogen atmosphere show a gradually reduction process of hematite. The main phase of sample aged for 1 h is magnetite, while alpha-iron as well as some silicates and wustite type oxide can be detected in sample aged for 3 h. Further aging of sample results in dissolution of alloying elements /Si, Al/, being present in the samples. This process starts already in samples aged at 1000 °C for 4 h, but it is more expressive in minerals heat treated at 1200 °C or 1300 °C, when all paramagnetic phases disappeared. 相似文献
47.
C. Mahr H. Bergmann P. Zuman J. Sunkel K. -J. Range K. -H. König W. Schermann G. Manecke A. Sippel E. Best K. Hartl J. Volke H. Kübler P. Moritz H. H. Pfeiffer E. Knickmann H. Lüken 《Colloid and polymer science》1967,218(2):158-171
Ohne Zusammenfassung 相似文献
48.
Zusammenfassung Zahlreiche kovalente Chloride bilden mit FeCl3 in POCl3 Chloroniumtetrachloroferrate. HgCl2, BCl3, TiCl4, SnCl4 und PCl5 geben ein Chloridion, ZnCl2 und AlCl3 zwei Chloridionen, letzteres zum Teil auch das dritte Chloridion an FeCl3 ab. Die Donorstärke nimmt in der Reihe Et4NClKCl1/2 ZnCl2 1/2 AlCl3>TiCl4>PCl51/3 AlCl3[SbCl6]–HgCl2 >BCl3SnCl4 ab. SbCl5 ist in POCl3 ein stärkerer Akzeptor als FeCl3. Die Unterschiede gegenüber dem Lösungsmittel Phenylphosphoroxychlorid werden diskutiert.Mit 1 Abbildung22. Mitt.:M. Baaz, V. Gutmann undL. Hübner, Mh. Chem.91, 694 (1960). 相似文献
49.
A. Müller-Groeling G. Soff 《Zeitschrift für Physik D Atoms, Molecules and Clusters》1988,9(3):223-228
Employing the semiclassical approximation we calculate within the coupled-state formalism the ionization probability in antiproton-hydrogen (p+H) collisions. In particular we investigate the adiabatic ionization at the distance of closest approach in almost central collisions. Striking differences in the electron excitation probability compared with proton-hydrogen (p+H) collisions are predicted. 相似文献
50.
Ohne Zusammenfassung 相似文献