MULTIPLE SOLUTIONS TO SINGULAR BVPS WITH VARIABLE COEFFICIENT ON THE HALF-LINE

This paper is concerned with a singular second-order nonlinear boundary value problem with a time depending on derivative operator and posed on the positive half-line. The nonlinearity is derivative-dependent, which has singularities at t=0 and/or x=0, and may change sign. The method of the upper and lower solutions on unbounded domains combined with the topological degree theory are employed to prove the existence and multiplicity of solutions.     

Understanding Chemical Reactivity in Extended Systems:Exploring Models of Chemical Softness in Carbon Nanotubes

Chemical reactivity towards electron transfer is captured by the Fukui function.However,this is not well defined when the system or its ions have degenerate or pseudo-degenerate ground states.In such a case,the first-order chemical response is not independent of the perturbation and the correct response has to be computed using the mathematical formalism of perturbation theory for degenerate states.Spatialpseudo-degeneracy is ubiquitous in nanostructures with high symmetry and totally extended systems.Given the size of these systems,using degenerate-state perturbation theory is impractical because it requires the calculation of many excited states.Here we present an alternative to compute the chemical response of extended systems using models of local softness in terms of the local density of states.The local softness is approximately equal to the density of states at the Fermi level.However,such approximation leaves out the contribution of inner states.In order to include and weight the contribution of the states around the Fermi level,a model inspired by the long-range behavior of the local softness is presented.Single wall capped carbon nanotubes(SWCCNT) illustrate the limitation of the frontier orbital theory in extended systems.Thus,we have used a C360 SWCCNT to test the proposed model and how it compares with available models based on the local density of states.Interestingly,a simple Hü ckel approximation captures the main features of chemical response of these systems.Our results suggest that density-of-states models of the softness along simple tight binding Hamiltonians could be used to explore the chemical reactivity of more complex system,such a surfaces and nanoparticles.     

GSI 对最重的靶元素254Es 的首次轰击

在10月10—18日之间,在GSI,人们利用尤尼拉克(UNILAC)的束流对99号元素锒的同位素~(254)Es(半寿命T_(1/2)=276天)进行了首次轰击,这是迄今使用的最重的靶元素;该实验用了2μg 的Es 同位素,这几乎是世界上仅有的库存。实验是由劳伦斯利弗莫尔实验室和GSI 合作完成的,其目的是想用~(16)O,~(18)O和~(22)Ne 作炮弹对~(254)Es 进行轰击,找到生成丰中子重锕系元素和超锕系同位素的最佳反应条件。去年在利弗莫尔的离线化学实验表明,这个方法将被认为是这次实验的唯一有效的。     

利用时变全通滤波器减小扩声系统中的梳状滤波失真

根据人耳对声音信号相位不敏感的原理，采用时变全通滤波器，随机化每个声源输入信号的相位，从而减小声源输出信号之间的相关性，进而减小由于相关产生干涉而带来的梳状滤波失真。数值计算和实验结果均表明用时变全通滤波器随机化声源输入信号的相位能够有效地减小扩声系统中的梳状滤波失真。     

Ag_(60)纳米颗粒[{Cl@Ag_(12)}@Ag_(48)(dppm)_(12)]的结构(其中dppm=双(二苯基膦基)甲烷)（英文）

本文合成一种新的双膦连接Ag_(60)纳米团簇[{Cl@Ag_(12)}@Ag_(48)(dppm)_(12)],并通过X射线晶体学进行表征.二十面体的银处于核心位置,里面是中心氯化物组成,外面有48个银原子/离子的包裹,顶端是12个双(二苯基膦基)甲烷(dppm)配体.同时利用密度泛函理论对阳离子[{Cl@Ag_(12)}@Ag_(48)(dppm)_(12)]~+进行计算,以确定该结构是否对应于核心数n=58的超原子.DFT计算的优化结构与X射线一致,但是HOMO-LUMO的能差并不能保证共超级稳定性.     

低温耦合固相氮化反应合成β-Sialon

本研究拟在氮化气氛下,以金属Al粉、Si粉、α-Al2O3为原料,添加Y2O3,耦合氮化反应制备β-Sialon.通过在不同温度下的氮化反应烧结试验,研究了Y3+对β-Sialon晶相组成、晶粒大小、晶格常数及显微结构的影响.采用XRD和SEM表征试样中的晶相和显微结构,利用X'Pert Plus软件对试样进行晶胞参数分析,通过Semi-quantification法对试样各晶相组成进行计算.结果表明:随着温度的升高,合成β-Sialon相的含量不断提高,在1550℃时达到最高;添加Y2O3可以在相对较低温度条件下合成β-Sialon相,y3+对Al3+的置换作用导致β-Sialon相结构畸变,且随耦合氮化反应烧成温度的升高,晶胞体积可由1350℃时的0.208448 nm3增大到1550℃时的0.236776 nm3,合成β-Sialon相呈现增加的趋势.同时在合成β-Sialon结构中,由于过量助烧结剂Y2O3易与原料中Al2O3形成针状YAG.     

Experimental determination of interfacial energies for Ag2Al solid solution in the CuAl2--Ag2Al system

The equilibrated grain boundary groove shapes of solid solution Ag2Al in equilibrium with an Al-Cu-Ag liquid were observed from a quenched sample with a radial heat flow apparatus.The Gibbs-Thomson coefficient,solid-liquid interfacial energy and grain boundary energy of the solid solution Ag2Al have been determined from the observed grain boundary groove shapes.The thermal conductivity of the solid phase and the thermal conductivity ratio of the liquid phase to solid phase for Ag2Al-28.3 at the %CuAl2 alloy at the melting temperature have also been measured with a radial heat flow apparatus and Bridgman type growth apparatus,separately.     

大孔吸附树脂对款冬花总黄酮的吸附分离特性

选择6种大孔吸附树脂,比较其对款冬花总黄酮的吸附量,解吸率及吸附动力学特性,筛选出较优的款冬花黄酮吸附树脂.结果表明：在静态吸附和动态吸附实验中均以SP825具有较优的吸附和解吸效果.     

散射的原子捕获d波

正与非常规超导机制类似的d波相互作用在冷原子气体中得到了实现。超冷原子气体提供了一个精妙的实验平台,可以用于探索凝聚态物理中的多种模型。研究人员可以精细地控制这些原子,使它们成为固体与液体中的电子或其他自由度的替身,从而利用这一系统来模拟磁性、量子相变以及其他常规凝聚态现象。但是,模拟高温超导可是块难啃的骨头。这是由于这种状态     

单载波频域均衡压电声透通信研究

研究了单载波频域均衡压电声透通信技术,将系统复杂度集中至介质一侧,并实现高速压电声透通信。分析了压电声透系统信道特性,通过变步长自适应滤波器,有效降低了信道响应的计算量并提高了收敛速度。提出一种改进的单载波频域均衡相关同步算法,可涵盖已有的多种同步方案并提出最佳同步的帧结构判决方案。在此基础上,结合训练序列信息和能量判决方法,提出了针对压电声透通信系统的综合同步算法。同时针对实际应用中的采样起始点偏移和频率偏差累积问题,提出了相应的优化策略。实验中采用中心频率为500 kHz的换能器,在4 cm厚钢板两侧可达到1.298 Mbps的最大传输速率,表明该算法能有效抑制码间干扰,降低误比特率。