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41.
Lucas Hernández Pedro Hernández José Vicente 《Fresenius' Journal of Analytical Chemistry》1993,345(11):712-715
Summary The determination of methyl-parathion (MPT), ortho (ONP), meta (MNP) and para nitrophenol (PNP) has been studied by differential pulse voltammetry with a carbon-paste electrode modified with 50% (w/w) of C18. A study of the influence of the pH in the preconcentration cell and the measurement cell was carried out for an electrode with 50% modifier and an accumulation time of 5 min. The voltammograms were recorded with a sweep rate of 40 mV s–1 and a pulse amplitude of 50 mV. With the optimum conditions of pH for both of the steps, various other variables were studied. The variables for each compound were optimized and the possibility of application to the determination of a mixture of the four compounds was investigated. The determination limits found for all the compounds are: 2 ng ml–1 for ONP, 5 ng ml–1 for MNP, 4.3 ng ml–1 for PNP and 7.9 ng ml–1 for MPT. The method was applied to samples of a small lake which gathers rain water and water filtered from land on which cereals are grown. 相似文献
42.
Eugenio Hernández Xihua Wang Guido Weiss 《Journal of Fourier Analysis and Applications》1997,3(1):23-41
The main purpose of this paper is to give a procedure to “mollify” the low-pass filters of a large number ofMinimally Supported Frequency (MSF) wavelets so that the smoother functions obtained in this way are also low-pass filters for an MRA. Hence, we are able
to approximate (in the L
2
-norm) MSF wavelets by wavelets with any desired degree of smoothness on the Fourier transform side. Although the MSF wavelets
we consider are bandlimited, this may not be true for their smooth approximations. This phenomena is related to the invariant
cycles under the transformation x ↦2x (mod2π). We also give a characterization of all low-pass filters for MSF wavelets. Throughout the paper new and interesting examples
of wavelets are described. 相似文献
43.
Fernández F. R. Monroy L. Puerto J. 《Journal of Optimization Theory and Applications》1998,99(2):403-421
In this paper, we deal with multicriteria matrix games. Different solution concepts have been proposed to cope with these games. Recently, the concept of Pareto-optimal security strategy which assures the property of security in the individual criteria against an opponent's deviation in strategy has been introduced. However, the idea of security behind this concept is based on expected values, so that this security might be violated by mixed strategies when replications are not allowed. To avoid this inconvenience, we propose in this paper a new concept of solution for these games: the G-goal security strategy, which includes as part of the solution the probability of obtaining prespecified values in the payoff functions. Thus, attitude toward risk together with payoff values are considered jointly in the solution analysis. 相似文献
44.
P.R.S. Gomes I. Padron E. Crema O.A. Capurro J.O. Fernández Niello G.V. Marti A. Arazi M. Trotta J. Lubian M.E. Ortega A.J. Pacheco M.D. Rodríguez J.E. Testoni R.M. Anjos L.C. Chamon M. Dasgupta D.J. Hinde K. Hagino 《Physics letters. [Part B]》2006
Complete and incomplete fusion cross sections for the 9Be + 144Sm reaction have been measured at near-barrier energies, using the delayed X-ray detection technique. At above-barrier energies these show a suppression of complete fusion for this weakly bound projectile on an intermediate mass target. The suppression factor, attributed to 9Be break-up, was deduced from a comparison of complete fusion yields with coupled-channels calculations, and appears consistent with measured incomplete fusion product yields. At ∼10%, it is considerably smaller than the value of ∼30% previously found for a 208Pb target. Simultaneous measurements of elastic and inelastic scattering permit a clearer picture of the reaction mechanisms. 相似文献
45.
We focus on continuous Markov chains as a model to describe the evolution of credit ratings. In this work it is checked whether a simple, tridiagonal type of generator provides a good approximation to a general one. Three different tridiagonal approximations are proposed and their performance is checked against two generators, corresponding to a volatile and a stable period, respectively. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
46.
47.
48.
J.H. Hernández M.T. OchoaH. Flores-Zúñiga F. Espinosa-MagañaD. Ríos-Jara 《Journal of Electron Spectroscopy and Related Phenomena》2006
Changes in 3d states occupancy associated with order–disorder transition and martensitic transformation in a Cu–Al–Be alloy was investigated by electron energy loss spectroscopy (EELS) in both high energy and low energy loss regions. From the high energy loss region, the Cu L2,3 white-line intensities, which reflect the unoccupied density of states in 3d bands, was measured for three states of the alloy: disordered austenite, ordered austenite and martensite. It was found that the white-line intensity remains the same during order–disorder transition but appears slightly smaller in martensite, indicating that some electrons left Cu 3d bands or some hybridization took place during phase transformation. From the low energy loss region, the optical joint density of states (OJDS) was obtained by Kramers–Kronig analysis. As maxima observed in the OJDS spectra are assigned to interband transitions, these spectra can be used to probe changes in the electronic band structure. The analysis shows that during the martensitic transformation, the peaks positions and relative intensities in the OJDS spectra undergoes noticeable changes, which are associated with interband transitions. 相似文献
49.
Ana C. Albniz Pablo Espinet Raquel Lpez‐Fernndez 《Journal of polymer science. Part A, Polymer chemistry》2006,44(19):5682-5691
[Pd2(μ‐Cl)2(C6F5)2(tht)2] ( 1 ) is a very efficient initiator of the radical polymerization of methyl acrylate, but it is not active in the polymerization of methyl methacrylate or in the copolymerization with 1‐hexene. The addition of an excess of NBu4Cl to solutions of [Pd2(μ‐Cl)2(C6F5)2(tht)2] ( 1 ) provides an initiator system that copolymerizes methyl acrylate and 1‐hexene by an insertion‐triggered radical mechanism. Random copolymers are obtained with 11% incorporation of 1‐hexene in moderate yields (about 35%). Studies of the decomposition products obtained after the first insertion of methyl acrylate in the Pd? C6F5 bond of 1 show that the addition of excess halide in the presence of monomer favors the homolytic cleavage of the Pd? C bond, and the generation of the radicals that are active species in the polymerization, versus alternative evolution pathways. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem 44: 5682–5691, 2006 相似文献
50.
P. Gorria D. Martínez-Blanco R. Iglesias S.L. Palacios M.J. Pérez J.A. Blanco L. Fernández Barquín A. Hernando M.A. González 《Journal of magnetism and magnetic materials》2006
The magnetic properties of Fe–Cu metastable solid solutions have been investigated by means of neutron diffraction and magnetisation measurements. These compounds exhibit ferromagnetic order with Curie temperatures above room temperature for concentrations beyond 40 at% in Fe. The magnetic moment at 5 K can reach values over 2 μB, while the high field susceptibility is similar to that found in FCC–FeNi Invar alloys. These features together with the low values for the linear coefficient for thermal expansion in the ferromagnetic region suggest that magneto-volume anomalies, including Invar behaviour, play a major role in the magnetic properties of this system when the crystal structure is face centred cubic. Such behaviour could be explained using theoretical total-band energy calculations. 相似文献