用热重分析法研究煤液化油的催化加氢

本文用热重分析方法研究了煤液化油的催化加氢，系统地考察了热重分析的各种操作条件对煤液化油以及它与固体催化剂的混合样品的热重分析结果的影响，并建立了一套条件实验步骤。实验结果表明，当催化剂存在于样品中时，与不含催化剂时相比，煤液化油的失重在低于３００℃时增大，而在大于３００℃时减小；用Ｈ２作为载气时煤液化油的失重比用Ｎ２作为载气时大；催化剂的催化加氢性能与煤液化油的失重之间存在着定性的关联；催化加氢活性最高的催化剂表现出最大煤液化油失重。     

Heat capacity of MnAs0.88P0.12 from 10 to 500 K: Thermodynamic properties and transitions

The heat capacity of MnAsgt;0.88gt;Pgt;0.12gt; has been measured by adiabatic shield calorimetry from 10 to 500 K. It is shown that very small energy changes are connected with two magnetic order-order transitions, indicating that these can be regarded as mainly “noncoupled” magnetic transitions. At higher temperatures contributions to the excess heat capacity arises from a magnetic order-disorder transition, a conversion from low- to high-spin state for manganese, and a MnP- to NiAs-type structural transition. The observed heat capacity is resolved into contributions from the different physical phenomena, and the character of the transitions is discussed. In particular it is substantiated that the dilational contribution, which includes magnetoelastic and magnetovolume terms as well as normal anharmonicity terms, plays a major role in MnAsgt;0.88gt;Pgt;0.12gt;. The entropy of the magnetic order-disorder transition is smaller than should be expected from a complete randomization of the spins, assuming a purely magnetic transition. Thermodynamic functions have been evaluated and the respective values of gt;Cgt;gt;gt;pgt;gt;, {gt;Sgt;gt;Ogt;gt;gt;mgt;gt;(gt;Tgt;) - gt;Sgt;gt;Ogt;gt;gt;mgt;gt;(0)}, and -{gt;Ggt;gt;Ogt;gt;gt;mgt;gt;(gt;Tgt;) - gt;Hgt;gt;Ogt;gt;gt;mgt;gt;(0)}/gt;Tgt; at 298.15 K are 68.74, 72.09, and 32.30 J Kgt;−1gt; molegt;−1gt;, and at 500 K 56.05, 108.12, and 56.64 J Kgt;−1gt; molegt;−1gt;.     

Crystal and Molecular Structure of 3，4－diphenyl－5－methyl－5－propyl－1，3，4－diazaphospholidin－2－thione－4－sulfide

ＣｒｙｓｔａｌａｎｄＭｏｌｅｃｕｌａｒＳｔｒｕｃｔｕｒｅｏｆ３，４－ｄｉｐｈｅｎｙｌ－５－ｍｅｔｈｙｌ－５－ｐｒｏｐｙｌ－１，３，４－ｄｉａｚａｐｈｏｓｐｈｏｌｉｄｉｎ－２－ｔｈｉｏｎｅ－４－ｓｕｌｆｉｄｅ￥ＦｅｎｇＫｅ－Ｓｈｅｎｇ；ＣｈｅｎＲｕ－Ｙ...     

Laser-induced break-up of water jet waveguide

In this article, an optical method to control the break-up of high-speed liquid jets is proposed. The method consists of focusing the light of a pulsed laser source into the jet behaving as a waveguide. Experiments were performed with the help of a Q-switched frequency doubled Nd:Yag laser (gt;g src="/content/fjvah4x8bt50rkpc/xxlarge955.gif" alt="lambda" align="BASELINE" BORDER="0">gt;=532 nm). The jet diameter was 48 µm and jet velocities from 100 to 200 m/s. To study the laser-induced water jet break-up, observations of the jet coupled with the high power laser were performed for variable coupling and jet velocity conditions. Experimentally determined wavelength and growth rate of the laser-generated disturbance were also compared with the ones predicted by linear stability theory of free jets.     

水解—— 空气提升反应器处理生活污水

水解──空气提升反应器处理生活污水吴锡福，陈红英（浙江工业大学土木工程系杭州３１００３２）我们把水解（酸化）和空气提升反应器的工艺结合起来，设计成一体化的设备，对我校一幢教学大楼的生活污水做了小试，处理效果良好，该处理工艺流程如图１所示．污水先经水解...     

Chemistry in Hungary

The following brief survey of the status of chemistry in Hungary focuses on chemistry education at Hungarian universities, the role of the chemical industry in the Hungarian economy, chemical research at university departments, and the Hungarian Academy of Sciences and its major research areas. Chemical cooperation with institutions in other countries is also outlined, with emphasis on joint projects with German institutions.     

Synthesis by ATRP of triblock copolymers with densely grafted styrenic end blocks from a polyisobutylene macroinitiator

A macroinitiator was prepared from a triblock copolymer of polyisobutylene (PIB) with end blocks of poly(gt;pgt;‐methylstyrene) (P(p‐MeS)) by bromination to obtain initiating bromomethyl groups for atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP). Controlled polymerization of styrene and gt;pgt;‐acetoxystyrene yields new triblock copolymer structures with densely grafted end blocks. Simultaneously, however, thermally initiated polymerizations can be observed by size exclusion chromatography (SEC) which were also controlled yielding low molecular weight polymers with narrow distributions. A tendency to crosslinking can be suppressed by selection of the polymerization conditions.