W掺杂多级孔SiO2纳米球负载Pt用于催化甘油氢解制1,3-丙二醇

合成了原位W掺杂的多级孔SiO₂纳米球材料(W-HPSN), 系统考察了W-HPSN合成过程中短链醇类共溶剂(甲醇、乙醇、正丙醇)的加入对Pt/W-HPSN催化剂甘油氢解制1,3-丙二醇(1,3-PDO)性能的影响. 与仅以水为溶剂合成的材料制备的Pt/W-HPSN-H₂O催化剂相比, 加入醇类共溶剂后, 催化剂的比表面积均有不同程度的增大, 并在除1.4 nm的微孔和>2 nm的介孔以外, 在1.7 nm处出现了新的微孔结构. 在甘油氢解反应中, 加入醇类共溶剂合成的材料制备的催化剂的催化性能也更高. 在最佳的以甲醇作为共溶剂合成的Pt/W-HPSN-Me催化剂上, 甘油转化率和1,3-PDO选择性分别为88.8%和56.3%, 而Pt/W-HPSN-H₂O催化剂上二者分别为64.1%和40.7%. 根据表征结果, 推测更小的Pt粒径、更多原位产生的Brønsted酸位, 有利于提高Pt/W-HPSN催化剂的催化性能. 通过对W-HPSN-Me的组成进行优化, 发现当W/Si物质的量比为1/320时, Pt/W-HPSN-Me催化剂在423 K、氢气压力4 MPa、反应时间仅为12 h的反应条件下, 甘油转化率和1,3-PDO选择性进一步提高至98.7%和58.8%, 1,3-PDO得率可达58.0%, 展示了HPSN材料作为甘油选择氢解制1,3-PDO催化剂载体的良好应用前景.     

Lipschitz Operators and the Solvability of Non-linear Operator Equations

Let U and V be Banach spaces, L and N be non-linear operators from U into V. L is said to be Lipschitz if LI(L) := sup{‖Lx - Ly‖. ‖x - y‖^-1 : x ≠ y} is finite. In this paper, we give some basic properties of Lipschitz operators and then discuss the unique solvability, exact solvability,approximate solvability of the operator equations Lx = y and Lx Nx = y. Under some conditions we prove the equivalence of these solvabilities. We also give an estimation for the relative-errors of the solutions of these two systems and an application of our method to a non-linear control system.     

On the formation of molecular terraces

Langmuir-Blodgett-Kuhn films of poly(amic acid) with azobenzene-chromophore side groups (azo-PAA) have been examined using atomic force microscopy (AFM). If films were deposited at specific conditions, i.e., at transfer pressures (pi = 10-26 mN/m) and at transfer rates (nu = 2-10 mm/min), unusual patterns were formed. While the first few transferred layers of azo-PAA exhibited uniform coverage of the underlying surface with a flat topography, successive layers form a pattern of parallel terraces with micrometer width, which are assembled in a pyramid-like structure. The height of the pyramidal steps is 1.6 nm, which corresponds to the thickness of an azo-PAA monolayer. Each even step of such a pyramid has a hydrophobic surface, and each odd step has a hydrophilic surface. The width of the terraces varies significantly from terrace to terrace; however, the width of an individual terrace remains constant over hundreds of micrometers. The orientation of the pyramidal terraces is governed by the film deposition process and is always perpendicular to the transfer direction.     

A soluble pentacene: synthesis, EPR and electrochemical studies of 2,3,9,10-tetrakis(trimethylsilyl)pentacene

A soluble 2,3,9,10-tetrakis(trimethylsilyl)pentacene (1) was synthesized; the discovery of the radical cationic character of in solution through EPR measurement has provided insights into the sensitivity of acenes towards light and oxygen.     

On Free Planes in Lattice Ball Packings

This note, by studying the relations between the length of theshortest lattice vectors and the covering minima of a lattice,proves that for every d-dimensional packing lattice of ballsone can find a four-dimensional plane, parallel to a latticeplane, such that the plane meets none of the balls of the packing,provided that the dimension d is large enough. Nevertheless,for certain ball packing lattices, the highest dimension ofsuch ‘free planes’ is far from d.     

IRIS/AP-ICP-AES法同时测定地表水中的Cu、Pb、 Zn、Mn和Cd

采用铜试剂富集和IRIS／AP－ICP－AES法同时测定地表水中的Cu、Pb、Zn、Mn和Cd。优选出最佳仪器工作条件和被测元素分析谱线。讨论了水样中主量元素的干扰，实验结果表明本法精密度高，检出限低，回收效果好，结果准确，适用于地表水的日常监测。     

Some remarks concerning kissing numbers,blocking numbers and covering numbers

This article shows an inequality concerning blocking numbers and Hadwiger's covering numbers and presents a strange phenomenon concerning kissing numbers and blocking numbers. As a simple corollary, we can improve the known upper bounds for Hadwiger's covering numbers ford-dimensional centrally symmetric convex bodies to 3 ^d –1.     

自由旋涡气动窗口自适应光学波前校正初步研究

自由旋涡气动窗口能有效地替代高能激光器传统晶体输出镜 ,起到密封激光器低腔压的作用。利用现有的 37单元室内自适应光学系统 ,对自由旋涡气动窗口的输出激光波前畸变进行自适应光学波前校正。给出了自适应光学系统对气动窗口畸变波前的校正原理 ,采用直接斜率法在设计状态下对畸变波前进行了校正实验。结果表明 ,该自适应光学系统能够较好地校正工作在设计状态下的自由旋涡气动窗口对输出激光所引起的波前畸变     

光抽运垂直扩展腔面发射激光器腔内倍频理论研究

建立了计入光波在非线性晶体中走离和相位失配情况下的光泵面发射激光器腔内倍频的速率方程理论模型,采用循环数值逼近的方法对该速率方程进行求解.以BBO,LBO,PPLN等非线性晶体为例,研究了晶体长度以及抽运功率等因素对倍频输出功率的影响,模拟结果与实验结果符合得较好. 关键词： 光抽运 垂直扩展腔面发射激光器 腔内倍频 数值模拟     

关于时滞差分方程有界性的Razumikhin型定理

对时滞差分方程建立了新的关于有界性的Raxumikhin型定理,其中可以避免采用不易寻找的辅助函数P,它包含了已知的结果,由它推出的一些结论更易于应用。