±100 kV三电极场畸变气体火花开关

设计了一种用于直线变压器驱动源的三电极场畸变气体火花开关。开关采用SF6气体绝缘,开关尺寸和电感较小,实测开关电感约为67 nH。在工作电压80 kV、工作系数为70%时,开关触发时延为40.0 ns,抖动约2.8 ns。对比研究了钨铜合金和黄铜两种电极材料对开关静态和触发击穿特性的影响,研究结果表明：铜钨合金电极开关的自击穿电压分散性、触发时延及抖动、自放电概率和电极表面烧蚀均小于黄铜电极,更适宜作为三电极场畸变开关的电极材料。     

脉冲压缩电路磁开关动态特性

提出在典型一阶磁脉冲压缩电路的基础上,测取磁芯在实际工作条件下的动态磁滞回线和饱和磁导率等磁参数,再根据所获得的动态参数指导磁开关设计,进行一阶磁压缩实验。实验选取国内外被广泛应用的非晶磁芯和纳米晶磁芯进行测试,根据实测动态磁参数设计磁开关。实测结果表明：用国产非晶磁芯做磁开关可得到上升沿73 ns、电压幅值28.3 kV、半高宽为503 ns的脉冲,用日本产的纳米晶磁芯做磁开关可得到上升沿30 ns、电压幅值28.4 kV、半高宽为193 ns的脉冲。     

电磁轨道发射装置隔离式分压器

研制了一套用于测量电磁发射装置轨道电压信号的隔离式分压器,实现了测量回路与被测回路之间的电隔离,简化了电磁发射装置测试系统的复杂性。并对影响隔离式分压器频率响应的元件参数进行了参数扫描,结果表明：研制的分压器在-3 dB区间的频率响应范围为14 Hz~18 MHz,满足电磁发射装置轨道电压信号的测试要求。使用P6015A高压探头进行比对标定,输出信号的前沿约1s,频率响应满足电磁轨道发射装置轨道电压信号的测量要求。同时用隔离式分压器及电阻分压器测量轨道电压信号,两者波形符合较好。     

20 MA/300 ns Marx型直接驱动Z箍缩脉冲源

基于金属外壳1.0 F/40 nH/100 kV的电容器和100 kV/200 kA气体开关,提出了电流20 MA、前沿300 ns Marx型直接驱动Z箍缩负载的脉冲功率源概念设想,共40路并联,每路为6个Marx并联驱动一条水介质传输线, Marx为18级串联。分析了关键单元（电容器和气体开关）的技术可行性,建立了PSpice电路模型,模拟计算了Marx建立时间分散性、水介质传输线阻抗对负载电流的影响,模拟结果表明：Marx建立时间分散性从10 ns增加到60 ns时,负载电流前沿从平均282 ns增加到287 ns,峰值从21.0 MA降低到19.8 MA,脉宽几乎不变;Marx建立时间分散性对负载电流的影响随着并联数目增加变小;采用4.2 等阻抗传输线,负载电流最大。     

纳秒激光诱导熔石英光学玻璃的损伤增长

利用Nd:YAG激光器研究了纳秒激光诱导熔石英光学玻璃的初始损伤及损伤增长,对比研究了损伤程度和损伤形貌随激光波长、能量密度、脉冲数及位置的变化规律,并对损伤机制进行了分析和讨论。研究结果表明：初始损伤受损伤先驱的物理化学性质和激光参数的影响,而损伤增长规律与初始损伤程度、激光参数和位置有关;后表面的损伤随脉冲数的增加呈指数关系增长,前表面则呈线性关系;裂纹的产生及其在后续脉冲辐照下的发展是后表面损伤增长的主要原因,高温等离子体表面刻蚀是前表面损伤增长的主要原因     

多间隙气体开关电感

介绍了一种用于快脉冲直线变压器的低电感多间隙气体开关。专门构造了多种形式的单通道放电实验,测量了在不同形态单通道放电时的开关电感,研究发现:单通道放电时开关电感除了受到角向电流的影响,还与电弧通道引起的放电回路面积变化有关,开关电感理论计算值与单通道放电时的实测结果最接近;开关在自放电和触发时,均形成了多通道放电,电感明显降低,触发时开关电感最小约为49 nH,电极角向电流的影响可以忽略。     

基于卷绕型带状线的感应电压叠加器的初步实验

提出了一种基于卷绕型带状线和感应电压叠加器的重复频率脉冲电子束加速器的技术方案。介绍了一台感应电压叠加器感应单元的结构设计,并建立相应的电路模型,对其响应特性进行了模拟研究。介绍了卷绕型带状线的设计原理,制作了一台输出阻抗约3 Ω、脉冲宽度约230 ns的固态化卷绕型带状脉冲形成线。利用该脉冲发生器作为馈源,对感应电压叠加器感应单元的响应特性进行了实验研究,表明感应单元响应良好。对4级感应电压叠加器分别进行了单次脉冲和5 Hz重复频率的实验研究,结果表明叠加器的输出电压约为输入电压幅值的4倍,电流效率约80%,重复频率条件下,脉冲序列重复性较好。     

Synthesis and Crystal Structure of (Z)-N-(2-(diethylamino)ethyl)-7-(5-fluoro-2-oxoindolin-3-ylidene)-2-methyl-4,5,6,7-tetrahydro-1H-indole-3-carboxamide Methanol Solvate

The crystal structure of a new compound (Z)-N-(2-(diethylamino)ethyl)-7-(5- fluoro-2-oxoindolin-3-ylidene)-2-methyl-4,5,6,7-tetrahydro-1H-indole-3-carboxamidemethanol solvate (C24H29FN4O2CH4O, Mr = 456.55) has been prepared and determined by single-crystal X-ray diffraction. The crystal is of monoclinic, space group P21/c with a = 14.560(3), b = 7.3200(2), c = 22.233(4) , β = 101.78(3)°, V = 2319.7(8) 3 , Z = 4, Dc = 1.307 g/cm 3 , F(000) = 976, μ = 0.092 mm -1 , MoKa radiation (λ = 0.71073), R = 0.0604 and wR = 0.1644 for 4262 observed reflections with I > 2 (I). X-ray diffraction analysis reveals that the indole and pyrrole are almost coplanar. Intramolecular C-H···O and N-H···O hydrogen bonds together with π-π interactions are found in the structure.     

Quantification and pharmacokinetics of Taiwanin E methyl ether in rats by liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry

This study firstly describes the development of an accurate and sensitive high‐performance liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry (LC‐MS/MS) assay for the quantification of Taiwanin E methyl ether (TEME) in rat plasma. The assay involved a simple liquid–liquid extraction step with ethyl acetate and a gradient elution using a mobile phase consisting of water containing 0.1% formic acid and acetonitrile containing 0.1% formic acid. Chromatographic separation was successfully achieved on an Agilent Zorbax‐C₁₈ column (2.1 × 50 mm, 3.5 µm) with a flow rate of 0.40 mL/min. The multiple reaction monitoring was based on the transitions of m/z = 379.1 → 320.1 for TEME and 386.1 → 122.0 for buspirone (internal standard). The assay was validated to demonstrate the specificity, linearity, recovery, accuracy, precision and stability. The lower limit of quantification was 0.50 ng/mL in 50 μL of rat plasma. The developed and validated method was successfully applied to the quantification and pharmacokinetic study of TEME in rats after intravenous and oral administration of 1.45 mg/kg TEME. The oral absolute bioavailability of TEME was estimated to be 5.85 ± 1.41% with an elimination half‐life value of 2.61 ± 0.55 h, suggesting its poor absorption and/or strong metabolism in vivo. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Fast analysis of triterpenoids in Ganoderma lucidum spores by ultra‐performance liquid chromatography coupled with triple quadrupole mass spectrometry

A rapid and reliable method was established for simultaneous determination of main triterpenoids in Ganoderma lucidum spores using ultra‐high‐performance liquid chromatography coupled with triple quadrupole mass spectrometry (UPLC‐TQ‐MS). The established method was validated in terms of linearity, sensitivity, precision, accuracy and stability, and was successfully applied to determine the contents of 10 main triterpenoids in different batches of G. lucidum spores. The analysis results showed that moderate levels of triterpenoids were found in G. lucidum spores. In addition, a MS full scan with a daughter ion scan experiment was performed to identify the potential derivatives of triterpenoids present in G. lucidum spores. As a result, a total of 22 triterpenoids from different G. lucidum spores were unequivocally or tentatively identified via comparisons with authentic standards and literatures. This method provides both qualitative and quantitative results without the need for repetitive UPLC‐MS analyses, thereby increasing efficiency and productivity, making it suitable for high‐throughput applications. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.