Orbital stability of traveling waves for the one-dimensional Gross–Pitaevskii equation

In this paper, we prove the nonlinear orbital stability of the stationary traveling wave of the one-dimensional Gross–Pitaevskii equation by using Zakharov–Shabat's inverse scattering method.     

Well-Posedness of Hydrodynamics on the Moving Elastic Surface

The dynamics of a membrane are that of a coupled system comprising a moving elastic surface and an incompressible membrane fluid. We will consider a reduced elastic surface model, which involves the evolution equations of the moving surface, the dynamic equations of the two-dimensional fluid, and the incompressible equation, all of which operate within a curved geometry. In this paper, we prove the local existence and uniqueness of the solution to the reduced elastic surface model by reformulating the model into a new system in the isothermal coordinates. One major difficulty is that of constructing an appropriate iterative scheme such that the limit system is consistent with the original system.     

聚甲基丙烯酸单层修饰金纳米粒子的制备及pH响应性催化

采用可逆加成断裂链转移(RAFT)聚合制备了具有硫醇端基的聚甲基丙烯酸叔丁酯(PtBMA),通过其水解得到具有pH刺激响应的聚甲基丙烯酸(PMAA)。利用硫醇端基与金之间的强耦合作用获得了聚甲基丙烯酸单层修饰的金纳米粒子(PMAA-GNPs)催化体系。利用UV-Vis光谱和透射电子显微镜(TEM)研究了PMAA-GNPs催化剂在不同pH值下的分散状态。以NaBH4还原对硝基苯酚的反应,验证了此催化体系的pH响应性。结果表明,调节体系的pH值为酸性,PMAA塌缩和包覆在金纳米粒子(GNPs)的表面,引起GNPs的聚集,从而降低了催化效率。反之,在碱性环境中,在PMAA链的排斥作用下,GNPs能较好的分散,提高催化效率。     

Facile preparation of fullerenyl boronic esters

The fullerendiol C₆₀(OH)₂(OOt-Bu)₄ 1 reacts with various arylboronic acids ArB(OH)₂ to form fullerene-containing boronic esters C₆₀(O₂BAr)(OOt-Bu)₄ in up to 95% yield depending on the structure of aryl group. Bis(pinacolato)diboron (B(OCMe₂)₂)₂ also reacts with 1 to form C₆₀(O₂BB(OCMe₂)₂)(OOt-Bu)₄. The bisboronic ester C₆₀(O)(O₂BAr)₂(OOt-Bu)₂ was also obtained starting from a tetrahydroxyl fullerene derivative C₆₀(O)(OH)₄(OOt-Bu)₂. The fullerenyl boronic esters are moderately stable in air. Single crystal X-ray structure of C₆₀(O₂BPh)(OOt-Bu)₄ was obtained.     

光弹材料载荷过程中红外辐射特征机理的计算分析

基于材料的热力学关系和能量守恒定律,给出弹性体形变过程中红外辐射温度改变量和辐出度变化的物理计算方程.并结合有限元方法进行物理建模,对光弹材料三点弯载荷实验过程中的红外辐射出射度的分布进行数值计算和模拟.结果与实验结果吻合较好,表明模型及其相关理论是合理的,可以用来量化揭示实验中的红外辐射特征.从而得到一种能够利用计算机量化分析固体材料载荷过程中红外辐射特征机理的计算方法.     

Maple在结构力学教学中的应用

基于Maple强大的符号运算及图文共存功能,结合多年教学经验,就结构力学定性分析和研究型教学两个方面进行探讨,并举例说明Maple在其中所起的关键作用.实践证明,采用Maple进行结构力学教学,不仅增加了结构力学教学的趣味性,而且增强了学生对理论的理解能力、对新问题的探索能力,最终提高了学生基于力学原理的计算能力.     

Spider Silk-Improved Quartz-Enhanced Conductance Spectroscopy for Medical Mask Humidity Sensing

Spider silk is one of the hottest biomaterials researched currently, due to its excellent mechanical properties. This work reports a novel humidity sensing platform based on a spider silk-modified quartz tuning fork (SSM-QTF). Since spider silk is a kind of natural moisture-sensitive material, it does not demand additional sensitization. Quartz-enhanced conductance spectroscopy (QECS) was combined with the SSM-QTF to access humidity sensing sensitively. The results indicate that the resonance frequency of the SSM-QTF decreased monotonously with the ambient humidity. The detection sensitivity of the proposed SSM-QTF sensor was 12.7 ppm at 1 min. The SSM-QTF sensor showed good linearity of ~0.99. Using this sensor, we successfully measured the humidity of disposable medical masks for different periods of wearing time. The results showed that even a 20 min wearing time can lead to a >70% humidity in the mask enclosed space. It is suggested that a disposable medical mask should be changed <2 h.     

冷冻电镜技术应用于生物分子高分辨结构解析——2017年诺贝尔化学奖浅谈

The 2017 Nobel Prize in chemistry was awarded to Jacques Dubochet, Joachim Frank and Richard Henderson for their contribution to developing the cryo-electron microscopy (cryo-EM) method for high-resolution structure determination of biomolecules in solution. In recent years, cryo-EM is leading a revolution in structural biology, and becoming a major tool in studying the structure and function of biomolecular machines. Here, we briefly describe the method development of cryo-EM and the personal contributions of the three Nobel Laureates.