Synthesis of a kind of geminal imidazolium ionic liquid with long aliphatic chains

A novel geminal imidazolium ionic liquid with long hydrocarbon group,1,4-bis(3-tetradecylimidazolium-1-yl)butane bromide was synthesized and an efficient synthesized method was introduced detailedly.Its structure was determined by FT-IR,~1H NMR and elemental analysis.     

有机化学基础实验课程一流建设

Green chemistry oriented instrument platform on preparation, purification and characterization for basic organic chemistry experiment course is constructed, and basic, comprehensive and innovative experimental projects were implemented to build a green, hierarchical and informationized curriculum system. Using information technology, new media and the Internet as the means and adopting various teaching modes, online and offline teaching of basic experiment of organic chemistry are carried out to benefit teacher-student interaction, flipped classroom, teaching and learning. The curriculum content reform is led by teaching and scientific research achievements, emphasizing the integration of theory and practice, the integration of tradition and frontier, increasing the interest and frontier of the curriculum, so as to realize the high-level, innovative and challenging nature of the curriculum.     

淀粉-醋酸乙酯-丙烯酸乙酯接枝共聚物

在硝酸铈铵(CAN)以及硫酸亚铁/过氧化氢两种引发体系中，进行了丙烯酸乙酯(EA)、醋酸乙烯酯(VAc)与玉米淀粉的接枝共聚。用质子核磁共振研究了接枝支链的化学组成、用X衍射研究接枝共聚物结晶结构的变化、用扫描电镜研究了材料的微观结构、并研究了共聚物的亲水性。制备了接枝淀粉、聚乙烯醇的生物降解塑料，测定了材料的力学性能以及疏水性。     

Electrical properties and sulfur tolerance of La0.75Sr0.25Cr1−xMnxO3 under anodic conditions

Complex metal oxides with composition of La_0.75Sr_0.25Cr_1−xMn_xO₃(x=0.4,0.5,0.6) (LSCM) have been synthesized and examined as anode materials for solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs). LSCM compositions show excellent tolerance to both reduction and oxidation but the crystal structure transforms from hexagonal in air to orthorhombic in H₂. The volume change associated with this phase transformation is only about 1%, thus having little effect on other properties. The total electrical conductivity increases with the content of Mn, whereas the resistance to sulfur poisoning increases with the content of Cr. Fuel cells using LSCM as the anode show very good performance when pure hydrogen is used as the fuel. However, they do not appear to be stable in fuels containing 10% of H₂S.     

LC-ESI-MS Determination of Roxithromycin in Tissues of Beagle Dogs after Multiple Dosing of Roxithromycin Sustained Release Tablets

Roxithromycin, often regarded as an ‘advanced-generation’ macrolide, is widely used throughout the world. To exactly evaluate the efficacy of roxithromycin sustained release tablets on tissue pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic parameters, we developed a reliable LC-ESI-MS method for the determination of roxithromycin in beagle dog tissues. The overall chromatographic run time was 3.2 min. This method involved the homogenization of tissues followed by an economical liquid-liquid extraction in 2.0 mL Eppendorf tubes. Selected ion monitoring (SIM) in positive mode was used for the quantification of roxithromycin at m/z 837.45 and clarithromycin (internal standard) at m/z 748.45. The method was validated to be accurate, precise and rugged with good linearity in all tissue homogenates. The method has been successfully applied to determine roxithromycin in many dog tissues and has been used for tissue distribution of roxithromycin studies. The present study demonstrates that the highest tissue concentration of roxithromycin was observed in the liver, followed by lung, spleen, kidney and heart after multiple dosing of sustained release tablets.     

Structural behavior of Sr2Bi2O5 at high pressures

The structure of Bi₂Sr₂O₅ at high pressures is investigated by in situ X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Raman scattering methods. Raman results indicate that there are two pressure-induced phase transitions that occurred at ∼1.4 and ∼11 GPa, respectively. XRD measurements reveal only one high-pressure phase, which is indexed with a monoclinic unit cell and the possible space groups are P121(No. 3), P1m1(No. 6) and P12/m1(No. 10). The phase transition above 11 GPa is probably due to the symmetry change without discontinuity of the unit cell. The high-pressure phase is quenchable and it is a new dense form and about 11% denser than the normal orthorhombic Bi₂Sr₂O₅ at room conditions.     

防水型碳化钨气体扩散电极的研究

碳化钨(WC)以高硬度、高耐磨性的特性历来深受治金学家重视,常用它制造刀具、量具和模具,近二十余年才将其作为催化剂加以研究.这些年来,人们已发现WC催化剂具有较强的耐酸性、良好的导电性和电催化活性,且不受任何浓度的一氧化碳和几个PPM的硫化氢中毒,在加氢和脱氢方面,某些性质很类似于铂,故颇受人们关注. 本工作采用与常规不同的制备方法,制成高活性碳化钨粉末催化剂,曾先后对WC粉末在不同气氛中的热稳定性、几种溶液中的电化学稳定性及其阳极氧化机理进行了研究,并将WC粉末用作电催化剂制成半防水型氢电极,以碳为氯电极材料,单电池电极面积0.1m~2,由10个单电池按复极式串联成20D余瓦的氢-氯燃料电池组,在工厂中连续运行三个月,WC氢电极性能保持稳定。在此基础上,为进一步提高WC氢电极活性,提出了防水型WC气体扩散电极的研究.本文主要报导碳化钨粉末制备中物相组成、比表面及其电极制备条件对电极活性的影响,以及该电极的主要性能。     

Preparation and characterization of poly (N-isopropylacrylamide-co-dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate) microgel latexes

Monodisperse cationic thermosensitive latex microgels have been prepared by radical-initiated precipitation polymerization of N-isopropylacrylamide, methylene bisacrylamide using 2,2′-azobis(2-amidinopropane hydrochloride) as an initiator and dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate (DMAEMA) as a cationic monomer. The final microgel latexes were characterized with respect to water-soluble polymer formation, particle size and size distribution. Adding cationic monomer (DMAEMA) was found to drastically affect the particle size, but not the size distribution as observed both by transmission electron microscopy and quasielastic light scattering (QELS). However, too high a DMAEMA concentration in the feed composition led to enhanced formation of water-soluble polymer. The volume phase-transition temperature of cleaned microgels examined by QELS (particle size versus temperature) was found to be around 32 °C and was slightly dependent on the concentration of the cationic monomer. The volume phase-transition temperature range becomes broader with increasing cationic monomer concentration. In addition, the pH of the polymerization medium was found to affect the final particle size and amount of water-soluble polymer formed. Received: 29 March 2001 Accepted: 2 July 2001     

Preparation and optical properties of titania-doped hybrid polymer via anhydrous sol-gel process

Incorporation of metal alkoxides (Ti, Zr, etc.) for tuning the optical properties of silica glasses by the sol-gel process is of significant interest for optical applications. In this paper, we report an anhydrous sol-gel process for preparation of photosensitive titania-doped hybrid glassy polymer with good homogeneity and high doping concentration (TiO₂ up to 40 mol%). The process consists of two steps: in the first step methacryloxypropyltrimethoxysilane (MPS) is hydrolyzed by boric acid through ligand exchange reaction (OH↔OR) under anhydrous conditions; and in the second step dimethyldimethoxysilane (DMDMS), diphenyldimethoxysilane (DPhDMS) and titanium ethoxide (TET) were added to condense with the silanols formed in the first step. The optical properties of the synthesized hybrid polymer were studied, and results showed that the hybrid material has low OH absorption, low optical losses (0.45 dB/cm at 1550 nm and 0.16 dB/cm at 1310 nm respectively), and good thermo-optical linearity with tuneable refractive index. The effect of TiO₂ doping in reducing the OH concentration of the hybrid material was observed, and the mechanism for this effect is discussed.     

亚硫酰氯阴极还原的半对数极化曲线

目前正在广泛研究的鲤/亚硫酰氯(Li/SOCl_2)电池是迄今为止比能量最高的一种新型化学电源。提高电池的性能和可靠性与电池反应的化学和电化学性质直接有关。但是,SOCl_2的还原过程相当复杂,对其反应机理迄今尚无明确的结论。由于SOCl_2还原时伴随着LiCl的沉积,当用常规电极测量时难以得到稳态极化曲线,因而至今未见报道SOCl_2还原反应的半对数极化曲线。微电极的单位表面上极限液相传质速度较高,且测量时较易得到稳态电流。因此,采用微电极方法可在一定程度上避开上述困难,研究SOCl_2还原反应的机理。