Preparation,and infrared and thermal properties of six adducts of tetrakis-(8-hydroxyquinolinato)thorium(IV)

Six adducts of the tctrakis(8-hydroxyquinolinato) complex of thorium(IV) with 8-hydroxyquinoline, pyridine, urea, dimethylsulphoxide, dimethylformamide and 1,10-phenanthroline were prepared and characterized, the infrared bands for the room-temperature forms are given and their particular thermal properties are reported. The thermal analyses were performed mostly in the presence of air, but in some cases an argon atmosphere was used for comparison. The adducts were lost from the principal complex at temperatures varying between 110 and 290°. Intermediate oxygenated complexes were formed in each case at about 400°. The thermal data suggest the standardization of a procedure for the formation of Th(C₉H₆NO)₄.

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Zusammenfassung Sechs Addukte des Tetrakis(8-hydroxyquinolinato)-Komplexes von Thorium(IV) mit 8-Hydroxyquinolin, Pyridin, Harnstoff, Dimethylsulphoxid, Dimethylformamid und 1,10-Phenanthrolin wurden dargestellt und charakterisiert. Infrarotbanden und spezielle thermische Eigenschaften der Raumtemperatur-Formen sind angegeben. Die thermischen Analysen wurden meist in Luft ausgeführt, in einigen Fällen zu Vergleichszwecken aber auch in Argonatmosphäre. Die Addukte wurden vom Komplex bei Temperaturen zwischen 110 und 290 °C abgegeben. Intermediäre oxydierte Komplexe wurden in jedem Fall bei etwa 400 °C gebildet. Die thermischen Daten ermöglichen die Standardisierung eines Verfahrens zur Darstellung von Th(C₉H₆NO)₄.

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-(8- ) (IV) 8- , , , - , 1,10-. - , . , , . 110–290°. 400° . Th(C₉H₆NO)₄.

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We are grateful to the Bangladesh University Grants Commission for a Fellowship Grant to AR.     

A novel,stereoselective silyl-directed Stevens [1,2]-shift of ammonium ylides

[reaction: see text] The silyl group of 2-silylpyrrolidines such as 1 plays several critical roles: a stereochemical control element in a facially selective carbenoid addition to the ring nitrogen, a stereochemical "placeholder" during regioselective 1,2-migration with retention by the resulting spirocyclic ammonium ylide, and a hydroxyl surrogate for an eventual stereoselective Fleming-Tamao oxidation. This chemistry represents a novel use of the Stevens rearrangement and offers a short, enantioselective route to hydroxylated quinolizidines such as 3 from Boc-pyrrolidine.     

Plasma polymerization. V. A systematic investigation of the inductively coupled RF plasma polymerization of the isomeric tetrafluorobenzenes

A systematic investigation has been made of the composition, gross structural features, and rates of deposition of plasma polymer films produced from the excitation of inductively coupled RF plasmas in the isomeric tetrafluorobenzenes. ESCA data reveal that the dominant reaction involves rearrangement such that under a wide variety of experimental conditions the composition of the crosslinked products remains essentially the same as that of the starting material. Small differences in rates of deposition are observed for the different isomers, and theoretical SCF MO studies at the MNDO level provides a basis for discussion of the experimental data.     

Gas chromatographic determination of alkali metal O,O-diethyl phosphorodithioate present in trace amounts

Summary A gas Chromatographic determination of traces of alkali metal O,O-diethyl phosphorodithioates is described. The salts were converted into a volatile derivative by alkylation with diazomethane. The product was identified by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. With aqueous samples a linear relationship of peak height to amount of salt was obtained in the range 0.04–1 ng and for urine samples a calibration curve was constructed. The detection limit (signal to noise ratio 4/1) was 40 pg of salt. The procedure was successfully used for monitoring phosalone absorption by occupationally exposed persons.

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Zusammenfassung Eine gaschromatographische Bestimmung von Spuren Alkalisalz des Diäthyldithiophosphorsäureesters wurde beschrieben. Die Salze wurden durch Alkylieren mit Diazomethan in ein flüchtiges Derivat übergeführt. Dessen Identifizierung erfolgte mittels eines gaschromatographisch-massenspektrometrischen Systems. In Wasserproben wurde ein lineares Verhältnis der Peakhöhen und der Salzmenge festgestellt und für Urinproben wurde eine Eichkurve ermittelt. Die Nachweisgrenze (Signal zu Rausch 41) wurde bei 40 pg Salz festgestellt. Die Methode wurde für die Kontrolle der Absorption von Phosalon bei beruflich exponierten Personen erfolgreich angewendet.

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Presented at the Fourth International Congress of Pesticide Chemistry (IUPAC), Zürich, July 24–28, 1978.     

Thermodynamic properties of lattice hard-sphere models

Thermodynamic properties of several lattice hard-sphere models were obtained from grand canonical histogram- reweighting Monte Carlo simulations. Sphere centers occupy positions on a simple cubic lattice of unit spacing and exclude neighboring sites up to a distance sigma. The nearestneighbor exclusion model, sigma = radical2, was previously found to have a second-order transition. Models with integer values of sigma = 1 or 2 do not have any transitions. Models with sigma = radical3 and sigma = 3 have weak first-order fluid-solid transitions while those with sigma = 2 radical2, 2 radical3, and 3 radical2 have strong fluid-solid transitions. Pressure, chemical potential, and density are reported for all models and compared to the results for the continuum, theoretical predictions, and prior simulations when available.     

In situ soft X-ray studies of ethylene oxidation mechanisms and intermediates on the Pt(111) surface

In situ studies of ethylene oxidation on Pt(111) have been performed using a powerful combination of fluorescence yield soft X-ray methods for temperatures up to 600 K and oxygen pressures up to 0.01 Torr. Absolute carbon coverages have been determined both in steady-state and dynamic catalytic conditions on the Pt(111) surface. Fluorescence yield near-edge spectroscopy (FYNES) and temperature-programmed fluorescence yield near-edge spectroscopy (TP-FYNES) experiments above the carbon K edge were used to identify the structure and bonding of the dominant surface species during oxidation. TP-FYNES experiments of preadsorbed ethylene coverages in oxygen pressures up to 0.01 Torr indicate a stable intermediate is formed over the 215-300 K temperature range. By comparing the intensity of the C-H sigma resonance at the magic angle with the intensity in the carbon continuum, the stoichiometry of this intermediate has been determined explicitly. Based on calibration with known C-H stoichiometries, the intermediate has a C(2)H(3) stoichiometry for oxygen pressures up to 0.01 Torr, indicating oxydehydrogenation occurs before skeletal oxidation. FYNES spectra at normal and glancing incidences were performed to characterize the structure and bonding of this intermediate. Using FYNES spectra of ethylene, ethylidyne, and acetylene as reference standard, this procedure indicates the oxidation intermediate is tri-sigma vinyl. Thus, oxidation of ethylene proceeds through a vinyl intermediate, with oxydehydrogenation preceding skeletal oxidation.     

Analysis of anions in hydrofluoro ethers by ion chromatography

Hydrofluoro ethers (HFES) are considered to be an ideal cleaning solvent in applications like vapor degreasing and wet cleaning. It is also a good solvent replacement for CFCs (chlorofluorocarbons), HCFCs (hydrochlorofluorocarbons), HFCs (hydrofluorocarbons) and chlorinated solvents because they have a short atmospheric lifetime and low global warming potential. Based upon their properties, hydrofluoro ethers are ideally suited for the demands of the electronics industry. However, the electronics industry requires these solvents to have high purity, especially in the area of residual anions. This paper will present information on an extraction methodology for the transfer of anions from the hydrofluoro ether to water. Then, an analytical method utilizing ion chromatography that is capable of detection of 10 anions (fluoride, acetate, formate, chloride, nitrite, bromide, nitrate, sulfate, oxalate, and phosphate) in the part per billion level will be demonstrated.     

Effect of total percent polyacrylamide in capillary gel electrophoresis for DNA sequencing of short fragments. A phenomenological model.

Polyacrylamide capillary gels were prepared with constant (5% C) cross-linker concentration and with total acrylamide concentration ranging from 2.5 to 6% T. At each acrylamide concentration, peak spacing was constant for DNA sequencing fragments ranging from 25 to 250 nucleotides in length. Peak spacing increased linearly with the total acrylamide concentration. The intercept of the retention time vs. fragment length plot was independent of % T. Ferguson plots were constructed for short DNA fragments; the polyacrylamide pore size falls in the 2.5 to 3.5 nm range for the gels studied. Theoretical plate count is independent of total acrylamide concentration; longitudinal diffusion, and not thermal gradients, limit the plate count. A phenomenological model is presented that predicts retention time, plate count, and resolution for sequencing fragments ranging in size from 25 to 250 bases and gels that range from 2.5 to 6% total acrylamide.